世纪商务英语综合教程诸葛亮三顾茅庐IV(第三版)告知函范文教案《世纪商务英语——综合教程抓不住的温柔IV》（第三版）教案
Unit 1 Import and Export
Related Information
Procedures for Import and Export
As import from one country means export of that country, take the procedures of export transaction as an example to illustrate the general procedures for import and export:
1. Market rearch 月色婵娟
The most difficult part of exporting is taking the first step. Any exporter who wants to ll his products in a foreign country or countries must first conduct a lot of market rearch. Market rearch is a process of conducting rearch into a specific market for a particular product. Export market rearch, in particular, is a study of a given market abroad to determine the needs of that market and the methods by which the products can be supplied.
The exporter needs to know which foreign companies are likely to u his products or might be interested in marketing and distributing the products in their country. He must think whether there is a potential for making a profit.
2. Business negotiation 水筲
If a foreign company is interested in buying the exporter’s products, negotiation should be organized. Business negotiation plays a very important role in the conclusion and implementation of a sales contract. It has a great bearing on the economic interests of the parties concerned. No matter what way the negotiations are held, in general, they consist of the following links: enquiry, offer, counter 永垂不朽什么意思offer, acceptance and conclusion of sales contract, among which offer and acceptance are two indispensable links for reaching an agreement and concluding a contract.
3. Conclusion of sales contract
As soon as an offer is accepted, a written sales contract or sales confirmation is usually r
equired to be signed between the buyer and the ller to confirm the sales and stipulate their rights and obligations respectively. A sales contract or sales confirmation contains some general terms and conditions as well as the specific terms that vary with the commodity. But such terms as the names of the ller and the buyer, the description of the goods, quality and specification, quantity, packing, unit price, amount, payment, date of delivery, shipping, insurance, inspection, claim and arbitration are indispensable. The sales contract or sales confirmation is normally made out in two originals, one for the buyer and the other for his ller.
4. Implementation of contract
应收账款回收率Under CIF contract with terms of payment by L/C, the implementation of export contract usually goes through the steps of goods preparation, inspection application, reminding of L/C, examination and modification of L/C, chartering and booking shipping space, shipment, insurance, documents preparation for bank negotiation and the ttlement of claims, etc.
① Preparing goods for shipment
After a contract is made, it is the main task for the exporter to prepare the goods for shipment and check them against the terms stipulated in the contract. The quality, specification, quantity, marking and the packing should be in line with the contract or the L/C, the date for the preparation should agree with the shipping schedule.
② Inspection application
If required by the stipulations of the states or contract, the exporter should obtain a certificate of inspection from the institutions concerned where the goods are inspected. Usually, the commodity will be relead only after the issuance of the inspection certificate by the inspection organization.血栓的治疗方法
③ Reminding, examining and modifying L/C
In international trade, a banker’s letter of credit is commonly ud for the payment of purcha price. In the cour of the performance of contract, one of the necessary steps f
or the ller is to urge the buyer to establish an L/C. According to the contract, the buyer should establish the L/C on time, but sometimes he may delay for various reasons. For the safe collection of payment, the ller has to urge the buyer to expedite the opening of the L/C. Upon receipt of a letter of credit, the ller must examine it very carefully to make sure that all terms and conditions are stipulated in accordance with the contract. If any discrepancies exist, the ller should contact the buyer immediately for necessary amendments so as to guarantee the smooth execution of the contract.
④ Chartering and booking shipping space
After receiving the relevant L/C, the exporter should contact the ship’s agents or the shipping company for the chartering and the booking of shipping space and prepare for the shipment in accordance with the importer’s shipping instruction. Chartering is required for goods of large quantity which needs full shipload; and for goods in small quantities, space booking would be enough.
⑤ Customs formalities
Before the goods are loaded, certain procedures in customs formalities have to be completed. As required, completed forms giving particulars of the goods exported together with the copy of the sales contract, invoice, packing list, weight memo, commodity inspection certificate and other relevant documents, have to be lodged with the customs. After the goods are on board, the shipping company or the ship’s agent will issue a bill of lading which is a receipt evidencing the loading of the goods on board the ship.
