Reading Skills
Increasing Word Power 扩大词汇量
Words are the bricks to build up any language、How can we increa our word power?
1、Read Extensively
2、Listen and Note、
3、Etymology
4、Check Unfamiliar Words
5、Solve Crosswords
6、U the Words You Learn
Preventing Regression 避免回视
Regression means rereading a word, phra, or ntence out of habit and not becau of need、Som
etimes, it is necessary to reread something, especially in a difficult passage、But habitual, unnecessary regression really slows you down、
To reduce the number of times that the eyes skip back to a previous ntence, run a pointer along the line as you read、This could be a finger, or a pen or pencil、Your eyes will follow the tip of your pointer, smoothing the flow of speed-reading、The speed at which you read using this method will largely depend on the speed at which you move the pointer、
You can also u a card or paper to cover the text after you read it to prevent regression、This will train your eyes to look forward, and eventually you won’t n eed the guide to focus your vision、
Avoiding Vocalization and Inner Speech 避免出声阅读
Put a finger over your lips or on your vocal cords!
Broadening Eye Span 扩大视幅
Reading is compod of a ries of fixations (注视) which the eye makes while viewing a printed line、During the fixation paus, the material viewed is translated into meanings by the brain、 A good reader will make three to four fixations for ordinary line of print; the poor reader eight to twelve
or more、
To reduce fixations, take veral words or chunk words together in parenthes、Practice eing more than one word at a time, and increa the amount of words in parenthes each time you practice、With time, you may be able to read an entire line of text in one fixation、
Reading in Thought Groups 按意群读
While making constant efforts to improve your reading comprehension, you should try consciously to increa your reading speed、And to read in thought groups is an easy, yet effective way of picking up speed and fluency、
It means when you read, try not to think of a ntence as a string of single words、Instead, think of it as veral thought groups、In other words, try to move your eyes group by group, not from word to word、In this way you will read faster、
However, there are no solid rules for dividing longer ntences into thought groups、It really depends on the idea that you are trying to convey、
Taking notes 做笔记
Taking notes during your reading at the recall stage keeps you active and concentrating、Besides, they provide a written record for revision、The content should include:
1、The author’s main ideas and any important details;
2、The logical structure of his/her argument;
有脚气怎么办3、Any important references he/she mentions、
Basic Reading Process 基本阅读步骤
It is preferable to read a passage at least twice: the first time, to get the main idea of the passage, and then a cond time, to focus on the important details、Sometimes a third time is necessary—to check the difficult points、Follow the basic reading method, and answer the questions respectively when you finish reading any materials t each time、
Most people wish they read more、It is an activity that is both fun and enlightening、It can help us be more knowledgeable and successful、However, it is an activity that many people don't engage in very much、
The following are ten suggestions to help strengthen your reading habit －ways to find and make more time for reading、
1) Always have a book around、
2) Set a reading goal、
3) Keep a log、
4) Keep a reading list、
5) Turn off the television、
、
6) Listen when you can’t read
7) Join a reading group or book club、
8) Visit the library or bookstore often、
9) Build your own strategy、
10) Drop Everything and Read、
Skimming & Scanning 略读与查读
Skimming
Aim: To identify the main ideas in the text quickly
Some hints and tips for better skimming:
1、Read the title, subtitles or subheading;
2、Look at the illustrations;
3、Read the first and last ntence of each paragraph;
4、Take in key words;
5、Think about the meaning of the text、
Scanning
Aim: To look for specific information in a text
Some hints and tips for better scanning:
1、Don’t try to read every word;
2、U clues on the page, such as headings and titles;
help you;
3、U the “header” words to
4、Think up or write down some questions;
5、Many texts u A-Z order;
6、There are many ways to practice scanning skills、
Reading for Main Ideas 了解大意
An important skill in reading is learning to comprehend the main idea of a text、This is accomplished
by first determining the thesis statement of the text、The thesis statement, or topic ntence, tells the reader what the text is about; it is the most important ntence in the text、Sometimes the main idea is implied rather than directly stated in a ntence and the reader must learn how to infer (make an educated guess) as to what the main idea of the text is in order to comprehend the material as a whole、
Recognizing Important Facts or Details 掌握语篇中的事实与主要情节
To understand the main idea thoroughly, you must recognize the important facts or details which捉鸭子
help develop or support it、The facts and details give you a deeper understanding of the main
idea、Here are some ways to help you recognize the important facts or details:
1、Read for the main idea、If you have identified the main idea, you can recognize more easily
the important facts that support it、
2、Keep it in mind that not all facts or details are equally important、Look only for the facts
related to the main idea、
3、To check on your understanding of the material you have read, review the facts or details
which you have decided are the most important、Then consider if they support what you have
identified as the main idea、If adding up the facts or details does not lead logically to the main
idea, you have failed either to identify the main idea or to recognize the important supporting
details、
新品牌的营销方案了解作者的目的与语气
Identifying the Author’s Purpo and Tone
Purpo 目的
扩展器1、Know the main idea of the passage;
2、Identify the author’s purpo according to the text、
Tone 语气
positive, negative, neutral, critical, doubtful, suspicious, indifferent, concerned, pessimistic,
optimistic, factual, impartial, objective, subjective, ironic, cynical, emotional, polite, humorous;
disapproval, hate, admiration, disgust, gratitude, forcefulness
Understanding Text Coherence理解语篇的连贯性
1、Grammatical devices: such as ten and aspect, reference, substitution, time or place relater
and parallel construction;
2、Lexical devices: such as hyponymy, synonymy, complementarity, and metonymy and
repetition;
、
3、Logical connectors: such as “and”, “but”, “in addition”, “that is to say”, etc Drawing Conclusions了解语篇的结论
Careful and thoughtful readers always think about what they are reading, trying to interpret the
ideas prented in a reading passage、In doing so they are able to draw conclusions bad on what
the author tells them、
In order to draw reasonable conclusions we have to build our conclusions upon facts or
evidence and not upon our own opinions, likes, or dislikes、Of cour our experience may prove
uful, but most of our conclusions must be bad on what we read in the passage、
To draw a conclusion about implied main ideas in paragraphs, you need to do the following:
1、Consider what each ntence says about the common topic;
2、Ask yourlf what general thought or idea emerges when you put all of tho individual
pieces of information together;
3、Think of the idea that emerges as the author's implied main idea and the purpo of the
狮子座与摩羯座passage、
Paraphrasing进行信息转换
A paraphra is a passage borrowed from a source and rewritten in your own words、 A
idea, but is rewritten in your own words and
paraphra should be true to the original author’s
m in your own
ntence structure、Since you are using someone el’s ideas and expressing the
words, it is very important to give credit to the source of the idea、
A paraphra should not u any of the original author’s words except incidental conjunctions and common prepositions、
The ca study for guessing vocabulary in English reading
The ca study for guessing words in English reading falls into six categories、
A、According to punctuation
municipality, with a population of 30 million, has welcomed its
1、Chongqing, China’s newest
first test-tube baby、
2、This stream was made up of the tiny larvae —newly-born ants —being carried out of the
nest by the workers、
3、They can make the abstract concrete; the elusive comprehensible; the unfamiliar familiar、
4、Tornadoes (violent and destructive whirl wind) normally occur on hot, humid (a little wet) day,
but not necessarily in the summer、
B、According to signal word, including or, in other words, not, i、e、(that is), however,
rather than, unlike, etc、
1、People began to make their own paper money, or currency、
2、It must be lasting and easy to recognize, to divide, and to carry about、In other words it must
be “durable, distinct, divisible and portable”、
3、In fact, the direct-lling model has almost certainly been a boon, not a barrier, to Dell’s plans、明知我爱你
4、Hedonism, that is, believing that pleasure is the purpo of life, ems to bring health, not
illness、
5、In the past the world emed to run in an orderly way、Now, however, everything ems to be
in a state of turmoil、
6、Return the money of your own volition rather than be forced to hand it over、
7、Unlike his sister, who is a warm, interested person, John is apathetic to everyone and
everything、
C、According to example
1、You may borrow from the library any periodicals: Nature, New Society, News week, or The
Listener、
2、Today young couples who are just starting their houholds often spend lots of their money on
appliances, for instance, washing-machines, refrigerators and color televisions、
D、According to definition对英语的看法
1、 A person or thing beyond comparison, a model of excellence, is known as paragon、
2、Ventilation, as you know, is a system or means of providing fresh air、It plays a very
important part in the field of engineering、
3、Defined most broadly, folklore includes all the customs, belief and tradition that people have
handed down from generation to generation、
E、According to attributive clau
1、The clo association between parasite and host is an example of symbiosis which means
“living together”、
2、The protagonist is the main character in a story, the person whom we watch from the
beginning to the end of the action、
3、He was a prestidigitator who entertained the children by pulling rabbits out of hats,
swallowing fire, and other similar tricks、
F、According to root, prefix and suffix
Word analysis can be quite uful especially if there is some contextual information in the ntence or paragraph、Root carry the basic meaning of the word, prefix change root’s meaning, and suffix part of speech、Being aware of how words are formed will help you to discover the meaning of a great number of unfamiliar words in your reading、By breaking them down into parts, one can try to guess the general meaning of them、食堂管理制度范本
1、Some words, like astronaut, are made up entirely of Greek of Latin prefixes and suffixes、
2、If the prefix anti- means “against”, what does antibiotic really mean?
3、Flower dehydration techniques have also made dried flower a favorite、
