培根散文随笔集第56章：Of judicature论司法|论法官（中英对照）毕业生求职
培根散文随笔集中英对照，通过阅读文学名著学语言，是掌握英语的绝佳方法。既可接触原汁原味的英语，又能享受文学
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培根散文随笔集中英对照，通过阅读文学名著学语言，是掌握英语的绝佳方法。既可接触原汁原味的英语，又能享受文学之美，一举两得，何乐不为？
对于喜欢阅读名著的读者，这是一个最好的时代，因为有成千上万的书可以选择；这又是一个不好的时代，因为在浩繁的卷帙中，很难找到适合自己的好书。而培根的散文随笔，浓缩的不仅仅是文学，还是智慧。相信对阅读和写作都有很好的帮助。
Of judicature论司法|论法官
JUDGES ought to remember that their office is jus dicere, and not jus dare; to interpret law, and not to make law, or give law.
法官们必须记住，他们的职权是解释法律而不是制造法律或立法。
对生命的思考
El will it be like the authority, claimed by the Church of Rome, which under pretext of exposition of Scripture, does not stick to add and alter; and to pronounce that which they do not find; and by show of antiquity, to introduce novelty.
如若不然，它将如罗马教会所要求的权力一样； 罗马教会不仅假解释《圣经》之名，任意增添与改动，而且借复古之名，标新立异，宣传《圣经》中找不出来的东西。
Judges ought to be more learned than witty, more reverend than plausible,and more advid than confident.
法官应当学问多于机智，严肃多于贫嘴，虚心多于自信。
Above all things, integrity is their portion and proper virtue.
尊严是他们的本分与美德——这是最最重要的。
Curd (says the law) is he that removes the landmark.
“移动界石者应该受到诅咒”（犹太律说）。
The mislayer of a mere-stone is to blame.
放错界石的人要受到谴责。
But it is the unjust judge that is the capital remover of landmarks when he defines amiss of lands and property.
而不公正的法官，当他对田地与财产做出错误判决时，就是主要的移动界石者。
One foul ntence does more hurt than many foul examples.
七年级上册英语单词表图片一个不公正的判决比多个不正当的案例为害更大。
For the do but corrupt the stream, the other corrupts the fountain.
因为这些坏东西只是弄脏水流，而不公正的、肮脏的判决则败坏水源。
So with Solomon, Fons turbatus, et vena corrupta, est justus cadens in causa sua coram adversario. The office of judges may have reference unto the parties that u, unto the advocates that plead, unto the clerks and ministers of justice underneath them, and to the sovereign or state above them.
因此所罗门说，“正义者在邪恶者面前败诉，如同浑浊之泉，把井水弄浊”（拉丁文）。法官的职权可能跟诉讼者，与辩护者，跟自己下属的司法官吏，跟自己上面的君主或国家都发生关系。一朝天子一朝臣
First, for the caus or parties that sue.
两点的距离公式
第一，先说诉讼的双方。
There be (says the Scripture) that turn judgment into wormwood; and surely there be also that turn it into vinegar; for injustice makes it bitter, and delays make it sour. “有人把审判变为苦艾”（《圣经》这样说）；确实也有人把审判变为酸醋；因为不公正使审判变苦，而迟延使审判变酸。
The principal duty of a judge is to suppress force and fraud; whereof force is the more pernicious, when it is open, and fraud, when it is clo and disguid. 法官的主要职责是压制暴力与诈骗；暴力公开时更加恶毒，诈骗秘密时更加险恶。
Add thereto contentious suits, which ought to be spewed out, as the surfeit of courts.
再加上那些好讼者的案件，这种案件应当作为阻塞法庭的东西加以唾弃。
A judge ought to prepare his way to a just ntence, as God us to prepare his way, by r
aising valleys and taking down hills: so when there appeares on either side an high hand, violent procution, cunning advantages taken, combination, power, great counl, then is the virtue of a judge en, to make inequality equal; that he may plant his judgment as upon an even ground.
法官应当为公平的判决开辟道路，像上帝开辟道路那样，填高谷地，削低山峰：所以，当诉讼两方的任何一方出现以势压人、实行暴力、投机取巧、狼狈为奸、动用权力、大施阴谋等情况，法官若能使不公平变得公平，使自己的判断立足于公平的基地，那就可见其才德了。
Qui fortiter emungit, elicit sanguinem; and where the wine-press is hard wrought, it yields a harsh wine that tastes of the grape-stone. “扭鼻子必出血”；榨葡萄汁的机器若圧力过猛，那就会生产出带葡萄核干涩味的葡萄酒。
描写花的词语 Judges must beware of hard constructions and strained inferences; for there is no wor torture than the torture of laws.阴阳师赤舌哪里多
法官必须留神，不可对法律条文牵强附会，随意推论；因为没有比法律的折磨更恶的折磨了。
Specially in ca of laws penal, they ought to have care that what was meant for terror be not turned into rigor; and that they bring not upon the people, that shower whereof the Scripture speaks, Pluet super eos laqueos; for penal laws presd, are a shower of snares upon the people. 尤其在刑法案件中，法官应当注意，不要让意在防止恐怖的法律变成虐待人民的刑律。他们不可把《圣经》上所说的那种“网罗之雨”（拉丁文）带给人民；因为刑法过于严厉，就是下在人民身上的网罗之雨。
草绿茶福利导航
Therefore let penal laws, if they have been sleepers of long, or if they be grown unfit for the prent time, be by wi judges confined in the execution: Judicis officium est, ut res, ita tempora rerum, etc.
所以，刑法中若有久已不用或不适于当前的条例，聪明的法官就应当限制其施行：“法官的职责，不仅在于审察某案的事实，还要审察其时候及环境，等等”。
In caus of life and death, judges ought (as far as the law permits) in justice to remember mercy; and to cast a vere eye upon the example, but a merciful eye upon the person.
在有关人命的案件中，法官应当（在法律容许的范围内）在公平的条件下想到仁慈；以严厉的眼光对事，而以仁慈的眼光对人。
（caus与 caus同义，又见本段开头。译者注）
Secondly, for the advocates and counl that plead.
第二，关于律师与辩护顾问。
Patience and gravity of hearing is an esntial part of justice; and an overspeaking judge
is no well-tuned cymbal. 耐心与严肃的听取诉讼，是公正办案法的主要部分；而一个过多说话的法官决非和谐的乐器。
It is no grace to a judge, first to find what he might have heard in due time from the bar; or to show quickness of conceit, in cutting off evidence or counl too short; or to prevent information by questions, though pertinent. 法官的高明与光采，并不在于他最先发现自己在适当时候从律师与诉讼各方听到的案情，或者过早打断见证人或律师（的说话）以表示自己观察敏锐，或者用提问（即使是中肯的问题）诱导或勾引信息。
