动词的各种时态及变化规则
一、一般现在时
用法:1。现阶段经常性、习惯性动作;
2。目前的状态;
3。客观真理.
形容黑暗的成语构成:主语是第三人称单数时,作谓语的行为动词要在词尾加-s(-es),其他人称和数用动词原形。
否定形式:am/is/are+ not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don’t,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn’t,同时还原行为动词.
一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
时间状语:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays
动词的变化规则
(1)一般直接在词尾+s runs likes
(2) 以s, sh, ch, x, o结尾的动词在词尾+es goes pass
男性健康问题(3) 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,要把y变i+es
study —--studies try—--—tries
(4) 以元音字母+y结尾的动词,直接在后+s stays plays
二、现在进行时
用法:a。 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情.
b. 表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行.
构成:主语+am / is / are + 动词的现在分词 (即动词 -ing 形式)
否定形式:主语+am / is / are + 动词的现在分词
一般疑问句:把am / is / are放于句首。
时间状语:the days处片, now, at the moment, look, listen。
现在分词的变化规则
(1)。一般直接在动词词尾+ing reading
(2)。以不发音e结尾的动词要把e去掉+ing live—-—living
(3)。以重读闭音节的结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写辅音字母再ing
run---running 注:重读闭音节:辅+元+辅并且元音是单元音
(4)。特殊记忆的动词 die-—-dying 死 lie--—lying 躺 tie---tying 栓 系
三、一般过去时
用法:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
构成:主语+动词的过去式。
否定形式:若谓语为was\ were, 或情态动词,则直接在其后加not; 若谓语为行为动词,则需要借助did+ not, 还原动词。
一般疑问句:若谓语为was\ were, 或情态动词,则直接将其提到主语前; 若谓语为行为动词,则需要借助did,并将其提到主语前,同时还原动词。
时间状语:yesterday,this morning,the day before yesterday,in 1990,
与ago连用的状语,two days ago。与last 连用的时间状语,last Sunday,last night.
动词的过去式形式
(1)一般直接在动词词尾+ed work—-—worked
(2)以e结尾的动词在词尾+d liked lived
(3)以重读闭音节的结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写辅音字母再加ed stop--—stopped
(4) 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,要把y变i+ed study—--studied
不规则动词过去式:
am, is— was are—were do—did e—saw say—said
give—gave get— got go—went come—came have—had,
eat-ate take-took run—ran sing—sang put-put,
make—made read—read write-wrote draw—drew drink-drank,
fly—flew ride-rode speak-spoke sweep—swept buy—bought
swim—swam sit—sat bring——brought can—could cut—cut
become-became begin—began feel-felt find—found
forget—forgot hear—heard keep-kept know-knew
learn—learnt (learned) leave—left let-let lo—lost
meet—met read—read sleep-slept speak—spoke take—took
teach-taught tell-told write-wrote wake-woke think—though
不规则动词变化表
1。 A-——A---A型(现在式、过去式和过去分词同形)
动词原形(现在式) 过去式 过去分词
cost cost cost 花费
cut cut cut 割,切
hit hit hit 打
let let let 让
put put put 放下
read read read 读
hurt hurt hurt 伤
2。 A--—A-—-B型(现在式和过去式同形)
beat 临产前胎动频繁吗 beat beaten 打
3. A———B———A型(现在式和过去分词同形)
come came come 来
become became become 变
run ran run 跑
4。 A ———B -——B型
(1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。
burn 新电视剧 burnt burnt 燃烧
learn learned/learnt 护眼壁纸learned/learnt 学习
mean meant meant 意思
hear heard heard 听见
(2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
Build built built 建筑
Lend lent lent 借给
lo lost lost 失去
nd 广东汤 nt nt 送
spend spent spent 花费
(3)其他
动物的叫声有哪些
pay paid paid 付
lay laid laid 下蛋
say said said 说
ring brought brought 带来
buy bought bought 买
think thought thought 想
sleep slept slept 睡
keep kept kept 保持
sweep swept swept 扫
stand stood stood 站
understand understood understood 明白
win won won 得胜
shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光
catch caught caught 抓住