Analysis of political and legal environment
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in Brazil
Politics is the national social and economic life of an important force in national politics and its risk factors will affect to varying degrees in international marketing. The social norms of the specific subject of legal actions and relationships, international marketing companies will inevitably face a very different legal system and trade between Governments signed treaties, agreements and relevant laws and regulations of international trade. T o the company's toy products to the Brazilian market, the need for political and legal environment in Brazil a comprehensive system of understanding, which in the futurethe company plans to develop international marketing, internationalmarketing activities with complementary, guiding role.
The first：Political environment
1．Brazil's trade protection measures
August 4, 2009, the Brazilian toy industry has been officially included in the government list of industrial production into development policy, which means that the industry will get more special preferential poli
cies, including the restoration of government credit support, tax exemptions ,the implementation of government procurement For education. T oy market share in Brazil, theBrazilian-made toys, 55%, 45% of toys made in China. Brazilian toy manufacturers want to 55% in 2010 on the basis of the existingre-win 10% market share, for the protection of domestic industry,Brazil, by strengthening customs control Customs will change the mode of automatic import licen of reducing the competitiveness of Chine products.
2．Brazil toy imports the main content of policy change proposals Control of the Government of Brazil announced a quality imported toys emergency law through the implementation of the Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR) No. 23/04 of technical regulationson toy safety No. 7 established certification system, the quality of imported toys control, but Outside Brazil is not accepted test reportsissued by laboratories.
October 30, 2008, the Brazilian government proposal to modifyimport policies, mainly including：
1)．Compliance Certification:
a、If the toy production of parts imported for the purpo only and not for commercial sale as the toy is no need to force the compliance certification;
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b、Depending on the circumstances, toys or toy parts should be bad on No.
5 or No. 7 certification system for certification.
长口疮2)．qualified Tags:
a、All imported toys must be labeled with conformity mark;
b、Only certified compliance label affixed to the product can not allow the packaging of the toy labels pre-printed pass.
3)．the test report:
a、Accept other than Brazil, laboratory test reports issued (NM 300);
b、The test report must be in Portugue, and with the issuing institutions authorized by the signature and contact information;
c、A laboratory test report must be issued by the International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (ILAC) signed the Brazilian national accreditation body or authorized institutions (INMETRO) recognition;
d、All products tested outside Brazil must be in Brazil by the Brazilian laboratories / certification bodies for the following additional tests to verify its compliance:
* General tests: Mechanical and physical properties
* Chemical testing: the migration of certain elements
3．the export process of the Brazilian Toy Testing
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Each batch of toys imported to Brazil need to be tested for by the local customs and institutions authorized by the local certification test sample tests Specific procedures are as follows:
1）. The importer will submit a proforma invoice and product photos to Brazil Authority Inmetro recognized certification body.
.2）The certification body will give the commission the terms and contracts. According to the Brazilian government's foreign trade offices (SECEX) SISCOMEX the head of the official system, the above information (invoice, product photos, commissioned and contract terms) is the temporary import registration application support files.
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3）Imported toy products to reach the Customs Department will be temporarily kept by the accredited certification companies to the scene sample, then the sample nt to a qualified laboratory for testing.
4.）In accordance with the standards of NM300, the sample volume as follows:
6000 or more per unit - 3 samples
6001-10000 between products - 30 samples
5.）If you pass the tests revealed that the certificate of conformity of imported products will be issued out, by virtue of the certificate may apply for import of the final import certificate.
6）. If the test results fail, the batch will be immediately destroyed or nt back to producers.
* Note Common Market of Brazil is South America (including Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, Argentina), the only requirement on the product packaging and warnings signs marked the age of the country, does not meet the requirements of the product can not be imported into Brazil.观察叶子的作文
4．import management system
Brazil's imports are mainly import documents licen management, customs procedures, import licensing and quotas.
5．tariff management system
Brazil's complex tax system, according to administrative area as a federal tax, state tax, municipal tax levels, respectively, by the federal government, state and municipal collection and management, but the federal tax-bad.
CIF calculation of tariffs mainly (CIF), with the Brazilian currency. Brazilian government to protect their own industries, to prevent dumping, when the import tariff levied primarily to the following two measures: to t minimum or reference price, and taxed accordingly, such as the import price below the minimum or reference price, the Department will Another difference tax levied; low offer or impo anti-dumping surcharge of goods act.
Second, the legal environment
1．anti-dumping law
Brazil anti-dumping law of the three basic principles, namely: (1) When the dumped imports cau in
jury to domestic industry, anti-dumping measures can be implemented; (2) by the Minister of Tourism, Trade and Industry and Minister of Finance jointly decided with the interim and final anti-dumping measures, approved price Commitment; (3) the Ministry of Tourism Commerce and Industry Foreign Trade Secretariat administrative proceedings.
2．the Brazilian toy Standards Act.
For the protection of human health and consumer safety, the Brazilian National Metrology, Standardization and Industrial Quality Association informed in recent years veral bills related to toys.
Toy standards
Brazil is a total of eight toys the following criteria:
∙（NM 300-1 Safety of toys Part 1: General, mechanical and physical properties）；
∙（NM 300-2 Safety of toys Part 2: Inflammability）；
∙（NM 300-3 Safety of toys Part 3: Migration of Certain Elements）；
∙（NM 300-4 Safety of toys Part 4: Safety of toys. Part 4: Chemical Games of experiments and related activities）；
∙（NM 300-5 Safety of toys Part 5: Safety of toys. Part 5: Chemical games except games of experiments）；
g2030∙（NM 300-6 Safety of toys Part 6: Safety of toys. Part 6: Safety of electric toys）；
∙369（The National Institute of Metrology, Standardization and Industrial Quality Administrative Rule 369）。
Rearch Conclusions:
Brazil, a vast territory and abundant resources, is the backbone of the economy in South America, economic strength among the first countries in South America. Meanwhile, Brazil is also "young” countries, nearly two hundred million of the national population of children under the age of 14, 24.9%, much higher than the proportion of children in developed countries,
forming a large consumer ba. Brazilian government provided the toy imports a ries of economic policies and the legal system, the expansion of Brazilian companies in the toy market should strictly
abide by the terms of its political and legal provisions to prevent corporate misconduct, resulting in irreversible damage.
First, the enterpris should always pay attention to the attitude of the Government for imported toys, this toy imports by government policies can be fully aware of, including import restrictions, tax control, quality standards, etc., according to the provisions of the policy adjustment of enterpri products The scale of production and marketing methods.
Second, should always update the country's legal system, according to the revision of the laws of the country, constantly updated marketing plan.
Third, more emphasis on the production of the Brazilian toy toy safety, originality, quality, specifications and installation i nstructions, a clear introduction to the consumer and packaging quality. Toys produced in Brazil from the current whole, increasing product variety, quality and packaging and decoration in general, than any other country products to be further improved and enhanced. This is the enterpri exports is good news.
Brazil's strict quality standards for toys, the company should be in strict product quality and reduce non-compliant to happen to this part of the product itlf, as far as possible to reduce scrap, improve
cost efficiency.
时间的脚步Brazil and China signed a friendship and trade agreements, more welcome the Chine products to enter Brazil, at this point the company's toy products have a certain advantage in exports, but can not be ignored is that the Brazilian toy companies to develop their own also taken a number of the corresponding Trade protection measures, such as raising tariffs, strict control of imports and so on. However, Brazil is no need to import spare parts quality certification, so the companies can t up factories in Brazil or through their own way of mergers and acquisitions in Brazil for toy production, reduces costs through customs.
Brazil has "anti-dumping", the enterpris should exerci extreme caution on this point, companies in product promotion before, it should be ready to respond to anti-dumping measures, in the event of anti-dumping, companies should be prepared beforehand respon through timely action To limit the damage.
