2013年6⽉英语四级真题第⼀套仔细阅读第⼀篇答案+解析Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this ction. Each passage
is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.
For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).
You should decide on the best choice and mark
the corresponding letter on Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are bad on the following passage.
Junk food is everywhere. We’re eating way too much of it.
Most of us know what we’re doing and yet we do it anyway.
So here’s a suggestion offered by two rearchers at the Rand Corporation:
Why not take a lesson from alcohol control policies
and apply them to where food is sold and how it’s displayed?
"Many policy measures to control obesity （肥胖症）assume that people consciously
and rationally choo what and how much they eat and therefore focus on
providing information and more access to healthier foods,"
note the two rearchers.
"In contrast," the rearchers continue,
"many regulations that don’t assume people make rational
choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol,
a substance -- like food -- of which immoderate consumption leads to rious health problems."
The rearch references studies of people’s behavior with food
and alcohol and results of alcohol restrictions,
and then lists five regulations that the rearchers think might
be promising if applied to junk foods. Among them:
Density restrictions: licens to ll alcohol aren’t
handed out unplanned to all comers but are allotted （分配）
bad on the number of places in an area that already ll alcohol. The make alcohol less easy
to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink.
Similarly, the rearchers say, being prented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it.
So why not limit the density of food outlets, particularly
ones that ll food rich in empty calories?
And why not limit sale of food in places that aren’t primarily food stores?
Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cash
registers in gas stations, and in most places you can’t buy alcohol at drive-through facilities.
阿胶黄芪口服液
两岁宝宝奶量标准At supermarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in places where they’re easily en.
One could remove junk food to the back of the store
and ban them from the shelves at checkout lines.
The other measures include restricting portion sizes,
taxing and
prohibiting special price deals for junk foods,
and placing warning labels on the products.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
【总评】这是⼀篇讨论控制垃圾⾷品消费的议论⽂。⽂章介绍了Rand公司两位研究⼈员的建议：即借鉴控酒措施的经验，
对售卖此类⾷品的地点和⽅式进⾏控制。⽂中具体介绍了这么做的原因以及⼀些具体条例。
57. What does the author say about junk food?
哲理的诗句A) People should be educated not to eat too much.
B) It is widely consumed despite its ill reputation.
C) Its temptation is too strong for people to resist.
转述句
D) It caus more harm than is generally realized.
答案：C . Its temptation is too strong for people to resist.
【解析】推理题。由关键词Junk food定位⾄⽂章第⼀段。由“Junk food is everywhere.
We’re eating way too much of it. Most of us know what we’re doing and yet we do it anyway.
（垃圾⾷品⽆处不在，这样的⾷品我们吃得实在是太多了，我们⼤多数⼈都知道我们在做什么，但是我们还是在这么做）”
可知，垃圾⾷品对⼈们的诱惑实在是太强了，以⾄于⼈们⽆法抵挡。选项B中的“ill reputation”在⽂中没有提到，所以，正确答案为C。
58. What do the Rand rearchers think of many of the policy measures to control obesity?
A) They should be implemented effectively.
B) They provide misleading information.
C) They are bad on wrong assumptions.
D) They help people make rational choices.
答案：C. They are bad on wrong assumptions.
【解析】推理题。由关键词policy measures, obesity定位⾄⽂章第三段。
⽂中提到“Many policy measures to control obesity (肥胖症）assume
that people consciously and rationally choo what and how much they eat
(很多控制肥胖症的政策都是假定⼈们能够有意识、理智地选择吃什么、吃多少)”，
⽽第四段中进⼀步提到“In contrast… many regulations that don’t assume people去眼袋贴
make rational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol
（那些没有假定⼈们会作出理智选择的规章条例在控酒⽅⾯取得了成功）”。
由此可以推知，很多控制肥胖症的政策措施都是基于错误的假设前提的，所以，正确答案为C。
59. Why do policymakers of alcohol control place density restrictions?
A) Few people are able to resist alcohol’s temptations.
B) There are already too many stores lling alcohol.
C) Drinking strong alcohol can cau social problems.
D) Easy access leads to customers’ over-consumption.
答案：D. Easy access leads to customers’ over-consumption.
【解析】推理题。由关键词density restrictions，obesity定位⾄⽂章倒数第三段。
由“The（即density restrictions） make alcohol less easy to get and
reduce the number of psychological cues to drink.”可知，因为购买的途径很简单的话会导致消费者过度消费。
福建福州所以要颁布这样⼀项限制措施，就是为了减少⼈们购买酒类饮品的数量。所以，正确答案为D。
60. What is the purpo of California’s rule about alcohol display in gas stations?
A) To effectively limit the density of alcohol outlets.
B) To help drivers to give up the habit of drinking.
C) To prevent possible traffic jams in nearby areas.
D) To get alcohol out of drivers’ immediate sight.
答案：D. To get alcohol out of drivers’ immediate sight.
【解析】推理题。由关键词California定位⾄⽂章最后⼀段。Display and sales restrictions:
California has a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cash registers in gas stations,
and in most places you can’t buy alcohol
at drive-through facilities. At supermarkets, food companies pay
to have their wares in places where they’re easily en.
One could remove junk food to the back of the store
and ban them from the shelves at checkout lines.
关键词display，由此可知主要强调要把垃圾⾷品淡出⼈们的视线。所以，正确答案为D
61. What is the general guideline the Rand rearchers suggest about junk food control?
A) Guiding people to make rational choices about food.
B) Enhancing people’s awareness of their own health.
尿酸高能吃香蕉吗C) Borrowing ideas from alcohol control measures.梦到同事
D. Resorting to economic, legal and psychological means
答案：C. Borrowing ideas from alcohol control measures.
【解析】细节题。由关键词Rand rearchers定位到第⼆段。⽂中提到“So here’s
a suggestion offered by two rearchers at
the Rand Corporation: Why not take a lesson from alcohol control policies and apply
them to where food is sold and how it’s displayed? take a lesson即borrow ideas，
由此可知，Rand公司的研究⼈员建议借鉴控酒措施的经验，所以，正确答案为C。
Section B Passage 2
【总评】本⽂为我们分析了柯达公司虽然看到了市场前景，但是并没有在战略上把握机会，等意识到错误时，已经为时已晚，并最终⾛向衰败。对于⼀出⽣就接触各种数码产品的考⽣来说，柯达也许是个并不熟悉的企业，这或许会对阅读带来⼀定影响。⽽且本⽂也有不少商务⽤语，如strategy（战略，策略）、sponsorship（赞助），及⼀些关键词如anticipate（预期、预计）等，难度并不算⼩。所以平时对于词汇的积累是快速理解阅读内容的关键。
62. B. It’s approaching its downfall.
【解析】细节题。从全⽂第⼀句中的bankruptcy (破产) 以及第⼆段第⼀句Although many attribute Kodak’s downfall to "complacency"... 可知柯达已经衰落了。所以正确答案为B。
根据第全⽂第⼀句…a sad, though not unexpected turning point… 可知柯达的衰败，是早有预期的，⽽不是突然的，排除答案A. It went bankrupt all of a sudden；
根据第⼀段最后⼀句... but ultimately failed to adapt to the digital revolution可知柯达最终没有适应数字⾰命，排除答案C.
It initiated the digital revolution in the film industry；
根据第⼀段内容，dominate⽤的是过去分词形式，即柯达在胶卷市场占主导地位是过去的事实，⽽⾮现今，排除答案D.
It is playing the dominant role in the film market.
63. A. To show its early attempt to reinvent itlf.
【解析】推理题。柯达发明第⼀台数码相机的例⼦出现在第⼆段，该段⼀开始指出很多⼈将柯达的衰败归结于柯达的⾃满，但是这个解释并没有承认柯达在⾃我改造上做出的努⼒。接下来作者⽤柯达发明了第⼀台数码相机来例证柯达在reinvent上的尝试。所以正确答案为A。
答案C. To show its quick adaptation to the digital revolution.与第⼀段最后⼀句
ultimately failed to adapt to the digital revolution.
相冲突，且发明了第⼀台数码相机并不⾜以说明其顺应了数码⾰命。
64. D. They are deeply stuck in their glorious past.
【解析】细节题。根据题⼲关键词large companies和switch定位到第四段最后⼀句Large companies have a difficult time switching
to new markets becau there is a temptation to put
existing asts into the new business. 根据此句可知，⼤公司不能进⼊新市场的原因是他们在开创新业务的过程中，依然不愿放弃现有的优势。接来下第五段⽤柯达的事例继续阐释了这句话的含义，即 too rooted in the success of the past for it to make the clean break necessary to fully embrace the future，沉溺于过去的辉煌，⽽不能完全拥抱未来。
所以正确答案为D. They are deeply stuck in their glorious past.
65. A. A burden.
【解析】细节题。根据第五段最后⼀句话Their history was so important
to them. Now their history has become a liability.可知柯达的历史已成⾃⾝发展的负担。burden是对liability的同义转换。所以正确答案为A。
66. C. Its refusal to sponsor the 1984 Olympics.
【解析】细节题。最后⼀段第⼀句说柯达在过去⼏⼗年间的衰败是戏剧性的。之后通过⼀个个例⼦来举例说明。
从⽂中Kodak’s decision not to pursue the role of official film for
the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation.可知柯达犯的主要错误是没有赞助1984年的奥林匹克。⽽对⼿富⼠拿到了竞标，并由此赢得了市场上的永久⽴⾜点。所以正确答案为C。
