英语期中知识点
lesson1
1.What's the weather like today?
这句是用来询问天气的一个常用句子，还可以说成：How is the weather?
2.It will be snowy and hot today.
snowy是形容词，意思是有雪的，雪大的。它是由名词snow+y构成，类似的词还有：cloudy;rainy;sunny;windy;icy;foggy;thirsty;dirdy;healthy;
3.What's the temperature?问温度是多少时，不用how many\much，要用what
4.I hope not.它的肯定形式为I hope so.
类似的表达法有：I'm afraid so.\I'm afraid not. I think so\I don't think so.
5.I'm scared of thunder.
be scared of sb.\sth.害怕某人或某物。这里scared 是过去分词，作形容词。如：I'm scared of wild animals.
scare还可以作动词。如：You scared me.
lesson2
1.What's the date today?It's March twenty-first.
What's the date?是用来询问日期的一个常用句子，也可以说成：What is today's date?
如果询问星期要用What day is today?\What day is it today?
2.In spring,the weather becomes warmer.
become是系动词，与get一样，常接形容词作表语；与get不同的是它还可以接名词作表语，
表示身份的变化。应为：成为。如：The days are becoming\getting longer in summer. He became
a lawyer in 1998.
3.The temperature goes up! go up意思是上升，与ri同义，与go down或t相反。如：the sun goes up\ris in the east and goes down\ts in the west.
4.Thunder makes a loud noi.make a noi意思是发出声响，吵闹。如：The baby is sleeping.Don't make a noi.You shouldn't make a noi in class.
lesson3
1.Spring has arrived in Shijiazhuang.arrive是不及物动词，意思是到达。arrive in+大地点（国家、地区、城市）arrive at+小地点（学校、商店、车站、邮局等类似地点），地点为副词时
in\at要省去。如：He arrived in Paris.The train arrived at the station.They arrived home early. reach表示到达时，是及物动词，直接与到达的地点(n)连用。如：He reached Paris.The train reached the station.
get to表示到达时，后跟副词表示的地点时to要省去，如：He gets there on time.
2.Every morning I e many people in the park exercising.e sb. doing sth.表示看见某人在做某事，如：Can you e them playing football over there?
e sb. do sth.表示看见某人做过某事，如：I often e him play football on the playground.
这样的词还有：hear;watch;notice等。
3.The sun will t in about fifteen minutes.
in是介词，表示在...以后，用于将来时，后面跟表示一段时间的名词。此时，不能用after 替换in.如：He will be back in two days.They will finish the work in ten months.
4.We won't e any flowers until May.
<意思是直到...才...。until可以作介词或连词。如：They didn't leave until they finished the work.He won't go to bed until 11 o'clock.
5.Next month,maybe we will play in our shorts and T－shirts!
in表示穿着，它可以跟表示衣服或衣服颜色的名词，意思是穿着...颜色的衣服。如：The girl in the hat is my sister.They are playing in new clothes.Our teacher is in a red dress today.All of
them are in black.
lesson4
1.Weather is warming,... 这里warm是动词，意思是变暖，它也可用作形容词，如：It's warm in spring.It's getting warmer day by day.
< by one 一个接一个地如You can plant the eds one by one .类似的词语还有：year by year;day by day.
3.See it bring the ason's change.e sb.\sth. do sth.看到某人或某事物做过某事，change这里是名词，它也可以做动词，如：He changed his clothes.
lesson5
1.Let's cycling =go to ride a bike去骑车。如：He often goes cycling on Sunday.
let's do sth.表示让某人做某事let's not do sth.让某人不要做某事，如：Let's have a rest. Let's not go there.
英语计划
2.How about baball,then?how\what about+n\pron\doing sth.如：I like spring.How about you? What about a cup of coffee?How about opening the window?
3.The ball always hits me on the head.hit sb. on the+身体部位，表示打在某人的某个部位，如：
He hit me on the head.He was so angry that he hit mary in the face.
4.Shall we play soccer?Shall ?表示征求对方意见，可以...吗；...好吗。如：Shall we go swimming?Shall I sit here?
lesson6
长江流域地形图1.Danny is babysitting his cousin Debie at the playground.babysitting是双写t+ing而来的，这样的词还有：swimming;running;beginning;getting;putting等；at the playground也可以说成in\on the playground.
2.Hold on,Debbie!hold on可以表示稍等，别挂断；抓紧，如：Hold on a minute.He held on to the rope.
3.Danny will push you.push这里是动词，意思是推，它也可以用作名词.push sb.=give sb. a push.
4.It's time to stop swinging,debbie.stop doing sth.停止做某事；stop to do sth.停下来做某事；如：They stopped to smoke a cigarette.I must stop smoking.When he saw his teacher on the street,he stopped to talk to her.All the students stopped talking when the teacher came in.
5.Debbed gets off 意思是从...下来，通常指下火车、巴士、轮船、飞机等，
反义词组是如：Don't get off the bus until it stops.They will get off the train in Beijing.
上、下小汽车或电梯常用get into\
lesson7
1.I thought about it all day at school.
think about 意思是思考，考虑，想起，想到...；如:I am thinking about my friend in the country. don't think about it anymore.
2.I thought that it would be easy to babysit there.
小学生劳动儿歌
it在此代替后面的不等式to babysit there，作形式主语，如:It is interesting to climb the hill.It is hard to answer the question.
3.I was scared that she would hurt
herlf是反身代词，意思是她自己.当主语和宾语[指同一个人时，宾语应用反身代词.如:She can look after herlf.My mother taught herlf English.
反身代词还可以作同位语，起加强语气的作用.如:She can do it herlf.=She herlf can do it
4.My aunt and uncle had made sandwiches for us to eat at the playground.
make sth. for sb.=make sb. sth.意思是为某人制作某物.如:I will make a birthday cake for her.=I will make her a birthday cake.
5.so was i.这是一个倒装句.是由so+系动词助动词情态动词+主语，构成.如:He is tall.So am I. They like chine food.So do the two Englishmen.
6.I helped her brush her teeth and climb into bed.
help sb.(to)do sth.意思是帮助某人做某事，如:I often help my mother do the houwork.He sometimes helps me study English.
help sb. with sth.也能表示帮助某人做某事，但with后面跟名词或人称代词宾格，上面的句子可改写为:I often help my mother with the houwork.He sometimes helps me with my English.
lesson9
1.Would you like some markers?
would like意思是想要，后跟名词，代词，动词不等式.如:I'd like a cup of tea.Would you like some bananas?I'd like to have another book.
would like sb. to do sth.意思是想要某人做某事，如:He'd like me to help him with his maths.
would you like sth.?用来表示邀请某人吃喝或用什么东西，它的答语为:Yes,plea.\No,thanks. would you like to do sth.?用来表示邀请某人做某事，它的答语为:(yes),I'd like\love to.\I'm \I'd love to ,等.
2.Would you plea lend me your green marker?
would you plea+动词原形?表示请你...好吗?
lend是借进，常用lend sth. to sb.其反义词为borrow，常用borrow sth. from sb.，如He borrowed a car from his friend.He lent his bike to his neighbour.
3.Don't forget to draw the sun.
forget to do sth.意思是忘记去做某事,forget doing sth.意思是忘了做过某事，如:Don't forget to clo the window before you beave. He forgot closing the window,so he went back to clo it again. He forgot to turn off the light,so it was on the whole night.
4.After you plant a plant in a pot,what do you do next?
plant是一个兼类词，既可以作动词，也可以作名词.plant a plant表示种植物.类似的兼类词还有: work;water;push等.
lesson10
1.Flowers,leaves and stems grow above ground.Roots grow below ground.
above是介词，表示在...上方，比...还高.与below相反.如:The plane is flying above the clouds. Today's temperature is 10 degrees below zero.
over是在...正上方，或覆盖在...上面，如:There is a lamp above the desk. There is a bridge over the river.
2.Plants have flowers beau the flowers make eds.
becau是连词，表示因为，引导原因状语从句.它不能和so连用，如:She didn't come to school becau she was sick.=She was sick so she didn't come to school.
3.The eds of the rice plant feed billions of people.
hundred,thousand,million,billion等词前有具体数字时，用单数形式，直接修饰名词；表示一个笼统的概念时，用复数形式，后面要与介词of连用再接名词.如:He has three hundred books. He has read hundreds of books.
lesson11
1.You need to look after it.
look after=take care of意思是照顾，如:I have to look after the baby. Can you look after yourlf?
2.Plants u sunlight to make food.
to make food是不定式，表示目的，如:Li Ming went to beijing to e his uncle.
3.Gardens are full of plants.
be 表示盛满...，装满....如:The room is full of people. The bottles are full of water.
4.In spring,people put covers over plants to keep them warm at night.
cover用作动词意思是覆盖，遮盖,表示用..把...覆盖上，如:He covered his face with a sc
arf. be 被...覆盖着.如:The road is usually covered with snow.
cover还可以用作名词，表示覆盖物，封面.如:The book needs a new cover.
keep sb.\sth.+adj.表示使某人或某物处于某种状态.如:We should keep our classroom clean. He likes doing things to keep himlf busy. Let's keep the windows open.
停下英文5.Windows are made of glass.
be made of ...意思是由...制成，在制成的过程中原材料没有发生质的变化.
be 意思是由...制成，在制成的过程中原材料发生了质的变化.如:My desk made of wood. Books are made of paper. Paper is made from wood. Wine is made from wheat.
lesson12孔明灯怎么画
1.One group sings the purple words ,and the other group sings the black words.
<,意思是一个...另一个...，如:She has two cats.One is white,the other is black.
2.The
prettiest是pretty的最高级，如:He is the tallest boy and she is the prettiest girl.
3.That you ever did e.
did e在此相当于saw,did放在动词原形前起加强语气的作用，如:She does study hard. I do like computer games. They did go to have a picnic yesterday.
4.As the stem grows,it makes leaves.
as 在本句中表示当...时候，引导时间状语从句.如:He went out as I came in.
lesson13
夜色温柔电影1.Trees help clean the air.It's pleasant to walk among the trees.
pleasant,plead都是形容词，表示高兴的，快乐的.pleasant常用来形容事物，而plead常用来形容人，如:I am very plead you've decided to come.
among介词，表示在...(三者以上)之间,between介词，表示在两者之间.
2.Donuts don't grow on trees.
on trees=on the tree表示树本身所有物在树上;in the tree表示外来物在树上；如:There are some birds in the tree. There are many apples on the tree.
3.Then we can sit under a tree in the shade.
in the shade是介词短语，意思是在阴凉处.类似的短语有in the sun;in the light;
4.All plants take energy from the sun and make it into food.
<意思是把...制成...，如:We can make the tree into paper. We can make cotton into cloth.
make还可以构成如下短语be made of\from\by\in等
5.Without food,they would have nothing to eat and they would die.
without是介词，意思是没有，不，如He went to school without breakfast. He left without saying goodbye. Fish can't live without water.
lesson14
1.There are about eighty thousand different plants in the world that people can eat.
that people can eat是定语从句，修饰plants,that是关系代词，引导定语从句，并代指plants，也可以用which来引导.当被修饰的名词是人时，可以用who,that，如I like the prent that you gave me. This is the most interesting book that I've ever read. The woman who is babysitting the baby is my aunt.
2.But half of the world's food comes from only three plants:race,corn and wheat.
意思是...中的一半，当它所指代的是不可数名词时，代表单数.如果后面所接的是可数
名词的复数，那么它所代表的也是复数概念.如Half of his money was spent on books. Half of the books here are in English. Half of the students in our class like math.
;a 和它类似.
3.Doctors u medicine to help sick people.
< do sth.意思是用...来做...，如We u our feet and legs to walk.
sick是形容词，意思是有病的，患病的，可作定语和表语;ill也是形容词，意思相同，但只能作表语；如His mother was sick\ill in bed. There are many sick people in the doctor's waiting room.
4.Do you have a hat made of straw?
made of straw是过去分词短语作后置定语，表示被动；如Do you know the boy named peter? This is the camera bought in japan.
lesson15
1.I have a lot to write about today.
to write 作后置定语，修饰 a lot，表示没有做，要去做的动作.如I have nothing to say. They found a room to live in. She has no pen to write with.
2.w is growing at the top of the stem.
文化对社会的作用
sth.是不定代词，应看作第三人称单数.形容词修饰它时应作后置定语.如Sth.is wrong with his computer. There is sth. important in today's newspaper.
刚怀孕吃什么3.Later,the head will turn into wheat eds.
意思是变成...如Water can turn into ice.
<意思是把...变成...，如Heat turns water into vapor蒸汽.
相关的短语有,
lesson17
1.She plays with me when I come home from school.
意思是与...玩，玩弄...如Don't play with fire ,it's dangerous.
2.I will keep him under my desk.
keep的意思是使某人某物保持某种状态或某地位.如If your hands are cold,keep them in your pockets. The gloves will keep your hands warm. I'm sorry to keep you waiting. You can't keep ducks in the classroom.
keep 还有饲养...的意思，如He keeps bees ,goats and hens on his farm.
3.I will need to plant a tree in my bed room.
在肯定句中动词need通常用作行为动词，如They need to finish the project on time. You need to take an umbrella with you.
在否定句和疑问句中,need即可用作行为动词，也可以用作情态动词，如You needn't finish that work today.=You don't need to finish that work today. Do you need to go out?=Need you go out?
need 还可以用作名词，如There is a great need for a new book on this subject. There is no
