简单句
简单句(Simple Sentence)是只包含一个主谓结构的句子。简单句分成四类：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
陈述句
1.陈述句(Declarative Sentence)否定的表示方法
(1)使用“助动词+not”构成谓语动词。若谓语动词为be，其否定式为“be+not”。例如：
Bram does not like to eat sweet food.
布莱姆不喜欢吃甜食。
She has not had her breakfast.
她还没吃早餐。
They are not typists.
他们不是打字员。
(2)使用含有否定意义的代词、副词或有否定前缀的词。
例如：
Nothing could be found in the sunken ship.
沉船上没发现什么东西。
男士护肤品哪个好用>千年古盐田
Scarcely any enemy planes were left undamaged after the attack.敌机遭到攻击后几乎没有不受破坏的。
They were unhappy about my answer.
他们对我的回答不满意。
(3)使用含否定意义的结构和词汇。
例如：
我没有他有天没有地有打一字
She was too excited to say a word.
她激动得一句话也说不出来。
This is more than we can stand.
我们忍受不了。
The city has greatly changed beyond our recognition.
城市变化很大，我们认不出来了。
He is above cheating in the exams.
他不会在考试中作弊。
2. 肯定词、否定词与非肯定词
肯定词 否定词 非肯定词
往的组词one -one
some no-body -thing any-body thing
-where -where
somehow in no way in any way
sometimes never ever
still no longer any longer
no more any more
one or the other neither either
some no/none any
否定结构可以由否定词构成，也可以由not+非肯定词构成。
例如：
We have nothing to do now.
We have not anything to do now.我们现在无事可做。
He no longer works here.
He does not work here any longer.他已不在这儿工作了。
He has never heard French spoken.
He has not ever heard French spoken.他从没听人说过法语。
3. 完全否定和部分否定
(1)否定的范围
否定句中否定意义波及的范围称为否定范围。通常，否定意义从否定词起波及句末称完全否定，但有时否定意义只波及句子的一部分称为部分否定。比较下列各组句子的否定意义：
None of them took it rious.
最美舞者
他们中没有一个人把那回事当真。
Not all of them took it rious.
他们中不是所有的人把那回事当真。
He didn't borrow any of the books here.
这里的书他一本也没借。
He didn't borrow some of the books here.
萝卜酸的制作方法这里的书他有些没借。
腋下多汗
Bob did not buy the pearl necklace becau it was expensive.鲍勃并不是因为贵才买这串珍珠项链。
Bob did not buy the pearl necklace, becau it was expensive. 鲍勃没买珍珠项链，因为太贵了。
As many people think, the whale is not a fish.正如很多人认为的那样，鲸不是鱼。
The whale is not, as many people think, a fish.鲸不是如许多人认为的那样是鱼。
(2)完全否定和部分否定的结构
否定词no/no one/none/neither/never等以及“not+非肯定词any/anyone/anything/anywhere/ever/either”等构成完全否定结构，而“not+肯定词all/every/always/both/everywhere/many”等构成部分否定结构。
例如：
Not every exerci is difficult. (=Only some of them are difficult.)不是每个练习都难。
None of the exercis is difficult.
没有一个练习是难的。
He does not always come to e us. (=He sometimes comes to e us.)
他并不是一直来看我们。
He never comes to e us.
他从不来看我们。
You can't find the sort of jacket everywhere. (=You can find the sort of jacket somewhere.)
你不是每个地方都买得到这种上衣。
You can't find the sort of jacket anywhere.
你到处买不到这种上衣。
注意肯定词“both/all/every…+ not”与“not后背脊柱中间疼痛 both/all/every···”一样为部分否定结构。
试比较：Both scarfs do not fit me well.
Not both scarfs fit me well.这两条围巾不都适合我。
(I was not interested in every programme.
