考研英语阅读真题单词解析（考研1号读者原创）
Text 1
If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006's World Cup tournament you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk elite soccer later months. If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks， you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced.
certificate n 证（明）书
certify v 证明 证实 证明……合格 担保
certified adj 证明合格的 持有证件的
certification n 证明 证书
certificated adj 领有证书的；合格的
tournament n 锦标赛 联赛 比赛 武士马上比武
noteworthy adj 值得注意的 显著地
noted adj 著名的 知名的
quirk n 怪事 巧合 怪异的性格或行为
quirky adj 怪异的
elite n 精英 精华 中坚分子
feed v 供给 喂养；使满足 传送 n 饲料水果小汤圆 喂食
feed in 输入
be fed up with 感到厌烦
ranks n 队伍 级别（rank的复数）
v 把……排列起来（rank的第三人称单数）
pronounced adj 显著地 断然的
What might account for this strange phenomenon？ Here are a few guess： a） certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills. b） winter-born babieies tend to have higher oxygen capacity which increas soccer stamina. c） soccer mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime at the annual peak of soccer mania. d） none of the above.
astrological adj 占星的 占星术的
astrology n 占星术
astrologer n 占星家 弯弯的月亮小小的船
confer vt 授予 给予 vi 协商
superior n 上级 长官；优胜者 高手；长者
adj 上级的 优秀的 出众的 高傲的
oxygen n 氧气
capacity n 容量 能力 资格 地位 生产力
stamina n 毅力 精力 活力 持久力
conceive vt 怀（胎） vi 怀胎
conceive of 构想出 设想
peak n 顶峰 高峰 尖端 v 达到最高值 adj 最高度的 高峰时期的
mania n (mania for )狂热创业ppt 癖好
maniac/maniacal adj 疯狂的 狂热的
Anders Ericsson， a 58-year-old psychology professor at Florida State University， says he believes strongly in “none of the above.” Ericsson grew up in Sweden， and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he realized he would have more opportunity to con
duct his own rearch if he switched to psychology. His first experiment nearly years ago， involved memory： training a person to hear and then repeat a random ries of numbers. “With the first subject. after about 20 hours of training his digit span had rin from 7 to 20，” Ericsson recalls. “He kept improving， and after about 200 hours of training he had rin to over 80 numbers.”
engineer n 工程师 工兵 货车司机
vt 涉及 策划 精明的处理
vi 设计 建造
conduct……rearch 做……研究
conduct n 进行 行为 实施 vt 管理 引导 表现 vi 导电 带领
random adj 任意的 随意的 n 韭菜鸡蛋饺子馅的做法任意
randomly adv 随意的
randomness n 任意
at random 随意 任意
subject n 实验对象 （文中的意思是 受试者） 主题；学科 ；主语；臣民
digit span 数字广度
digit n 数字 手指或足趾
recall n 召回 回忆 撤消 vt 召回 回想起人大代表的职权 记起 取消
This success coupled with later rearch showing that memory itlf as not geneticallydetermined， led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exerci than an intuitive one. In other words， whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize tho differences are swamped by how well each person “考试作文500字encodes” the information. And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully， Ericsson determined， was a process know
n as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task. Rather， it involves tting specific goals， obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome.
coupled with 外加 加上 （也可以说 combined with）
genetically adv 从遗传学角度 从基因方面
determined v 决定 断定（determine）
cognitive adj （有关）认识的
cognition n 任职
intuitive adj 有直觉力的 直觉到
intuition n 直觉
an intuitive feeling about sb 对某人的直觉感觉
inborn adj 天生的 固有的 天赋的
exhibit v 展示 展览 表现 n 展览品 陈列品
exhibition n 展览品 表演
swamp v 淹没 浸没；难倒 压倒 使不堪忍受，使疲于应对 n 沼泽
encode v 把……编码 把（电文、情报等）译成电码（或密码）
code n 代码 代号 密码 编码 发电 法规
decode v 解码 译码
meaningfully adv 有意义的 意味深长的 有意图的
deliberate adj 故意的 深思熟虑的 从容的 vt 仔细考虑 商议
specific adj 具体的 明确的；特定的，特有的
specify v 具体制定 详细说明
specification n 详述（常作~s）规格 工程设计（书）详细计划（书）说明书
immediate adj 立即的 直接的 最接近的
feedback n 反馈 回复 反应
concentrating n 浓缩 精选 v 浓缩（concentrate的ing形式）专心
Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert performers in a wide range of pursuits， including soccer. They gather all the data they can， not just predominance statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own laboratory experiments with high achievers. Their work makes a rather startlingasrtion： the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated. Or， put another way， expert performers whether in memory or surgery， ballet or computer programming are nearly
colleagues (colleague 的复数)n 同事 同行
take to 培养从事某事的能力 对……产生好感
pursuit n 追求
biographical adj 传记体的 生平的
西柏坡旅游攻略biography n 专辑 传记作品
laboratory n 实验室 制药厂 化学品 实验课
startling adj 令人震惊的 惊人的
startle v 使惊吓 使大吃一惊
startled adj 吃惊的
asrtion n 断言 主张
并非asrt v 断言 主张 维护
asrtive adj 武断地 过分自信的
asrt onelf 坚持自己的权利
trait n 特征 特点 特性
talent n 才能 天才 天资
overrated v 对（某人或某事）评价过高
put another way 换句话说 相当于 in other words
surgery n 外科 外科手术 手术室 诊疗室
ballet n 芭蕾舞剧
wallet n 钱包
21. The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to
[A] stress the importance of professional training.
[B] spotlight the soccer superstars in the World Cup.
[C] introduce the topic of what males expert performance.
[D] explain why some soccer teams play better than others.
