表语从句
1．定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
2．引导表语从句的关联词的种类：
(1)从属连词that。在从句中不做成分。如：The trouble is that I have lost his
address.麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。The reason was that he was late for school.
(2)从属连词whether,as,as if。如：
1.He looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起来还与十年前一样。
2.The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是
他们是否能帮我们。
注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但as if却可引导表语从句，如：
All this was over twenty years ago, but it’s as if it was only yesterday.
这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。
The key is whether we can solve the problem.//It looked as if it was going to rain.
注：能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, em, look，sound等。如：
He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。
It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 连接代词who, whom, who, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 在表语从句中
做主语、宾语等。如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就
是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
The problem is who we can get to replace her.
我想问的是谁离开了。 My question is who left.
连接副词 where, when, how, why。
What I wonder is when he left. 我想知道他是何时离开的。
This is where they once lived. 这就是他们曾经住过的地方。
That is why he didn't come here.
The question is how he did it.
(3)连词becau可引导表语从句。如：
I think it is becau you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。
It's just becau he doesn't know her.
That's becau he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我.(That'强
调原因)
That's why he got angry with me.那正是他对我生气的原因。(That'强调结果)
(4)在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+
动词原形表示，should可省略。如：
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出
发。
二、系动词分类：
1、根据系动词后所跟结构，我们可以把英语系动词分为两大类：完全系动词（其后只能跟
表语的动词，如be, em）和半系动词（其后既可跟表语作系动词用法，也可跟宾语或状
语作实义动词用，如look）
例如：1） He looked sadly at the boy.(“看着”，实义动词用法)
2） He looks a clever boy .（“看起来”，系动词用法
2、根据系动词的意义，我们把英语系动词分为四类：
A．五大感官系动词 B．状态系动词C．动态系动词 D．双谓语系动词
A．五大感官系动词，描述一种感官性质。由实义感官动词变化而来，都是半系动词。
1．look“看起来像是”，后接adj.、n.、分词、介词短语、不定式等。
The girl bit her lips and looked thoughtful.这位女孩咬着嘴唇，看上去若有所
三年级作文玫瑰花
思。
2．smell“闻起来”，后接adj.分词。 The flowers smell sweet. 这些花气味真香。
3．sound“听起来”，后接adj.\分词。 The music sounds sweet.这首诗听起来真悦耳。
4．taste“尝起来”，后接adj.\分词。The apples taste very good. 这些苹果很好吃。
5．Feel ①“摸起来，给……感觉”；②“觉得”，后接adj./p.p.
You will feel better after a night’s sleep. 睡上一晚，你会觉得好些。
B．状态系动词：
1．be，“是”，属完全系动词。 I am a student. 我是一个学生。
2．em,“似乎，好像”，完全系动词。 They em quite happy. 他们似乎很快乐。
3．appear,“显得，看起来好像”，半系动词。It appeared(to be)a true story.看来这是
一个真实的故事。
4．keep, “保持……的状态”，半系动词，后接adj或介词短语。
You’d better go to bed and keep warm. 你最好躺在床上去暖和一下。
5．remain,“仍是”，半系动词。 I remained silent. 我仍然缄默。
6．stay“保持（某种状态）”，半系动词，后接adj.、过去分词。
The window stayed open all the night.
7.prove “证明是”，半系动词，后接adj.\n.
The treatment proved to be successful. 这种疗法证明是成功的。
C．动态系动词：都属于半系动词，描述状态变化过程。
1．get“变成，变得……起来”，后可接形容词、分词、介词短语。
The days are getting longer and longer. 白天变得越来越长了。
2．fall“进入（某种状态），成为”，后常接以下形容词：
asleep, lame, silent, ill, sick, flat.
The old men, unable to express himlf, fell silent. 那位老人说不清自己的意思，
就不做声了。
My father fell ill and died. 我的父亲生病死了。
3．grow“渐渐变得……起来，长得”
It’s growing warm. 天气渐渐暖和起来了。
4．turn“转变成（新的与原来完全不同的色彩或性质），变质（色）”。
Maple trees turn red in autumn. 枫叶在秋天变红了。
It was cloudy this morning, but fortunately it has turned fine. 今天早上是阴天，幸好已经转晴了。
5．go，“变成（某种坏的状态）”
The telephone has gone dead. 电话不通了。
The material has gone a funny colour. 这料子的颜色变得奇怪了。
go之后常接的adj. 还有：bad, blind, wild, wrong, sour, hard, hungry, mad, red,
with, anger, white, pale, blue, grey.
6．become“变成，成为（好坏均可的情况）”
I became interested in drawing. 我开始对素描感兴趣了。
He became angry with me. 他对我生气了。
They became good friends. 他们成了好朋友。
7．come，“变成为（已知的状态），证实为”，后常接形容词或前缀un-的过去分词作表
语，表示状态或情况的变化。
His wish to become a pilot has come true. 他想当飞行员的愿望实现了。
If you look into the matter, everything will come clear. 如果你调查一下这事，一切都会清楚。
后面常接的形容词还有：apart, dear（昂贵），natural, open, short, right（好了），
unstuck（没有粘住），untied（松开）。
8．run,“变成”，后接adj. The price ran high. 价格上升了。
9．make，“达到某种状态[后接形容词]，如sure, certain, merry, bold, free
We must make certain of facts.我们一定要弄清事实。
D．双谓语系动词此类系动词既有系动词的功能，后接表语，又保留原实义动词本身的含义。
例如：The run ro red.太阳升起红艳艳。
She stopped and stood quite still.她停下来然后一丝不动地站着。
环保作品The snow lay thick on the ground. 雪厚厚地堆积在地上。
同时犯
He married young. 他结婚很早。
Lei Feng died young.雷锋早逝。
He continued silent.他继续沉默不语。
注意
A. 表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
B.Fal: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.
Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
B. 不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）。
引导宾语从句时可以互换if/whether 位于介词后要用whether
位于句首时要用whether。
引导表语从句，主语从句，同位语从句时要用whether。
Fal: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.拍卖出让
Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.
系动词巩固练习
①What you have said_______.
A．is sounded interesting B sounds interesting
C．sound interested D．listens interested
②The class begins. Plea keep________.
A．silent B．silence C．the silence D．silently
③Look! Several people in the crowd emed_______.
同音不同字的词语
A．to be fighting B．to have fought
C．being fought D．having fought
④How _____the song she sings sounds! I have never ______a better voice.
A．beautifully, sounded B．beautiful, sounded
C．sweet, listened to D．sweet, heard
⑤Her feeling about the marriage ______rather strange.
A．is looked B．is emed C．ems D．is appeared
⑥The new shirt______ right.
A．doesn’t feel B．isn’t felt C．isn’t feeling D．doesn’t touch
⑦How happy it_______ for me to be home again after twenty years abroad! A．gives B．feels C．is felt D．is given
⑧John _____driver since two months ago.
A．became a B．has become a C．has turned D．has been a
⑨He _____he felt very _______over the death of the boy.
A．emed that, sad B．emed as if, sadly
C．looked as though, sad D．looked that, sadness
⑩The ice_____ thick on the river. A．is lain B．lay C．laid D．lie
(其答案分别是：1——5：BAADC，6——10：ABDCB)
表语测试
1. The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.
A. that
B. if
C. when
D. whether
2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.
A. becau
B. that
C. for
D. becau of
3. Go and get your coat. It’ s ________you left it
A. where
B. there
C. there where
D. where there
4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted
A. who can we get雪莱名言
B. what we can get
C. who we can get
D. that we can get
5. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.
A. that
B. if
C. whether
D.不填
6. The reason is_________ I misd the bus.
A. that
B. when
C. why
D. what
7. That is __ ___ we were late last time.
A. that
B. when
C. why
D. what
8. She looked _________ she were ten years younger.
A. that
B. like
C. as
D. as though
9.—I fell sick!
--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.
A. why
B. when
C. what
D. becau
10. The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.
A. becau his mother is ill
B. becau of his mother’s being ill
C. that his mother is ill
D. for his mother is ill
11. —He was born here.
密码查询
-- That is _______ he likes the place so much.
A. that
B. what
C. why
D. how
12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.
A. what
B. where
C. that
D. why 13．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.
A. What; how are you
B. That；how you are
果汁奶昔C. How；that you are
D. What；how you are
14. The trouble is__________ we are short of tools.
A. what
B. that
C. how
D. why that
15. America was __________was first called “India” by Columbus.
A. what
B. where
C. the place
D. there where
16. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_________ .
A. what it ud to be
B. what it was ud to being
C. what it ud to being
D. what it was ud to be
17. ________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.
A. What … that
B. That … what
C. What … what
D. That … what
18. The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. such
19 —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
—
Is that_____ you had a few days off？
A. why B .what C. when D. where
20 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through.
A. It’s the reason
B. That’s why
C. There’s why
D. It’s how
21. See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.
A. when
B. which
C. where
D. what
22. --- Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
---Oh, that’s _____.
A. what makes me feel excited
B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it
D. when I feel excited
23. What surprid me was not what he said but ______ he said it.
A. the way
B. in the way that
C. in the way
D. the way which
答案
1~5: DBACC
6~10 :ACDDC
11~15:CBDBA
16~20: AACAB
21~23: DAA
