['plæzmə] ['membreɪn]
1.cell membrane(plasma membrane) 细胞膜
It is the skin around the cell. the main function of a cell membrane is to function
['baʊndri]边界
as a boundary between the cell and its environment .It controls what goes into and out of the cell.
['saɪtə,sɔl]
2. cytosol 细胞质基质 [kən'teɪnd] 含有
Cells are surrounded by a cell membrane within which is contained a complex
['fluːɪd]液体
fluid called the cytosol.
[,ɔːgə'nel]
3anelles细胞器
[sə'spɛnd] 悬浮 ['spɛʃə'laɪzd]特化的
Suspended in the cytosol are numerous specialized membrane-bound（膜约束的） structures called organelles.弟子规拼音
Organelle means "little organ". It is a subunit(亚单位) within a cell that has a specific function.
['saɪtoplæzəm]
4. cytoplasm细胞质
The cytosol together with the organelles make up the cytoplasm.
[ˌmaɪto'kɑndrɪr]
5. Mitochondria线粒体（复数）Nickname: “The Powerhou”动力室，发电站
[kən'sɝnd]与…有关
Mitochondria are rod-shaped （ 杆状的）organelles concerned with energy
[ɛ'robɪk]需氧的 [,rɛspə'reʃən]呼吸作用 [ə'kɝ]发生
production. Much of the process of aerobic respiration（有氧呼吸） occurs within
[,maɪto'kɑndrɪən] 自来也图片（线粒体单数）
the mitochondria. Each mitochondrion consists of （由…组成）an outer smooth
[fold]折叠的
membrane and an inner folded membrane.
the biochemical reactions （生化反应）of aerobic respiration take place in the
mitochondria and they relea chemical energy in the form of ATP
[,ɛndoʊ'plæzmɪk] [rɪ'tɪkjʊləm] ['nɪk'nem]绰号
6. endoplasmic reticulum内质网 Nickname益智游戏有哪些: “Roads”
大量的 [ɪk'stɛnsɪv]
Reticulum means network and the endoplasmic reticulum is an extensive
['flætnd]平整的[sæk]囊
network of flattened sacs that extend throughout the cell. the endoplasmic
['nuklɪɚ] 细胞核的 ['envələʊp]包膜，信封
reticulum (ER) are often continuous with the nuclear envelope（核膜nuclear membrane） and the golgi body.
[laɪn]排列开卷考试line
rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) has ribosomes lining it and is involved with （
与…什么有关）protein synthesis as a transport system。
smooth endoplasmic reticulum (sER) lacks ribosomes – it is involved with the
['lipidz]脂类
synthesis and transport of lipids
A cond type of endoplasmic reticulum also occurs within the cytosol. Unlike the
rough endoplasmic reticulum, there are no ribosomes associated with the smooth
endoplasmic reticulum. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum consists of a system of
['stiərɔidz] 学会生存类固醇 脂肪酸
branching tubes and is concerned with the synthesis of steroids and fatty acids.
蒜苗怎么做好吃 ['raɪbəsom]
7.ribosomes核糖体 Nickname: protein factories
[stʌd]镶有
Rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes which are the sites of
['prəʊtiːn] ['sɪnθəsɪs]合成
protein synthesis运动会总结（蛋白质合成）. Free ribosomes are also found within the cytosol.
ribosomes are made of rRNA and protein – they consist of one large and one
small sub-unit(亚基，单元)
Rough endoplasmic reticulum provides a transport system for newly synthesid
[ɛnˈɡʌlf]吞没 ['kævəti]腔
proteins. Proteins are synthesid at the ribosomes and engulfed into the cavities
of the endoplasmic reticulum. Newly synthesid proteins are transported to
different parts of the cell.
瓜瓞延绵 [ˌæpəˈreɪtəs]
8. Golgi Apparatus or Golgi Body高尔基体 Nickname: Post office
['mɔdifaid]修饰的
Proteins and lipids are modified and packaged within the Golgi Apparatus in
preparation for distribution within the cell or export from the cell. Materials are
concentrated and packaged into vesicles that appear as ‘pinched off’ portions of
['vɛsɪkl]囊泡 ['sætəlaɪt]卫星、随从
the Golgi body. The vesicles form a satellite around the stacked membranes.
[sɪ'kritəri]分泌的（分泌细胞）
Secretory cells posss well developed Golgi Bodies. The Golgi Apparatus is
[,kɑrbo'haɪdret] 碳水化合物；糖类
highly developed in cells creting proteins or complex carbohydrates（多糖）.
['klɔːrə(ʊ)plæst
9.chloroplasts ['ovl]椭圆形的
Many plant cells posss large, oval-shaped organelles called chloroplasts . The
[,foto'sɪnθəsɪs]光合作用
chloroplast is the organelle in which photosynthesis takes place producing
[ɔr'gænɪk]有机的
sugars and other organic nutrients for the cell . The chloroplast is the site of photosynthesis
