Developed in 1960 by AATCC Committee RA42; revid 1967, 1980, 1988 (with title change), 1995, 1997, 1999, 2001; reaffirmed 1972, 1975; editorially re-vid 1973, 1974, 1975, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1994, 2004, 2005, 2006; technical correction 1984; editorially revid and reaffirmed 1993. Related to ISO 5077.
1. Purpo and Scope
1.1This test method is ud to deter-mine the dimensional changes in woven and knitted fabrics made of fibers other than wool when subjected to laundering procedures commonly ud in a commer-cial laundry. A range of laundering test procedures from vere to mild is pro-vided to allow simulation of the various types of commercial launderings avail-able. Five drying test procedures are estab-lished to cover the drying techniques ud.
1.2The tests are not accelerated and must be repeated to determine dimen-sional changes after multiple launderings.
2. Principle
2.1The dimensional change of woven and knitted fabric specimens subjected to washing, drying and
restoration proce-dures typical of commercial laundering are determined by measuring changes in bench mark distances applied to the fab-ric before laundering.
3. Terminology
3.1commercial laundering, n.—a process by which textile products or specimens may be washed, rind, bleached, dried and presd in commer-cial laundering equipment, typically at higher temperatures and pHs and longer times than ud for home laundering. 3.2dimensional change, n.—a generic term for changes in length or width of a fabric specimen subjected to specified con-ditions. (e also shrinkage and growth).
3.3growth, n.—a dimensional change resulting in an increa in the length or width of a specimen.
3.4laundering, n.—of textile materials,
a process intended to remove soils and/or stains by treatment (washing) with an aqueous detergent solution that normally includes rinsing, extracting and drying. 3.5shrinkage, n.—a dimensional change resulting in a decrea in the length or width of a specimen.
3.6wool, n.—ud in the generic n,fiber from the fleece of the sheep or lamb,
hair from the Angora or Cashmere goat,
rabbit hair and the specialty hair fibers
from camel, alpaca, llama and vicuna.
4. Safety Precautions
NOTE: The safety precautions are
for information purpos only. The pre-
cautions are ancillary to the testing proce-
dures and are not intended to be all inclu-
sive. It is the ur’s responsibility to u
safe and proper techniques in handling
materials in this test method. Manufac-
turers MUST be consulted for specific
details such as material safety data sheets
and other manufacturer’s recommenda-
tions. All OSHA standards and rules
must also be consulted and followed.
4.1Good laboratory practices should
be followed. Wear safety glass in all
laboratory areas.
4.2The 1993 AATCC Standard Refer-
ence Detergent may cau irritation. Care
should be taken to prevent exposure to
skin and eyes.
4.3Manufacturer’s safety recommen-
dations should be followed when operat-
ing laboratory testing equipment.
5. Apparatus and Materials
5.1Apparatus.
5.1.1Wash wheel of the reversing type
(e 12.1).
5.1.2Flatbed press measuring 60 × 125
cm or larger. Any flatbed press capable of
pressing specimen 55 cm square may be
ud as an alternative. The flatbed press
is maintained at a temperature not less
than 135°C (e 12.2).
5.1.3Dryer of the rotary tumble type,
having a cylindrical basket approxi-
mately 75 cm in diameter and 60 cm in
length and rotating at approximately 35
rpm. The dryer is provided with a means
of maintaining a drying temperature of 60
± 11°C measured in the exhaust vent as
clo as possible to the drying chamber.
5.1.4Conditioning/drying rack with pull-
out screen or perforated shelves (e 12.3).
5.1.5Facilities for drip and line drying.
5.1.6Hydro-extractor, centrifugal ex-
tractor of the laundry type with a perfo-
rated basket, 29.0 cm deep × 51.0 cm di-
ameter with an operating speed of 1700
rpm (e 12.4).
5.1.7Ballast of 92 × 92 ± 3 cm
hemmed pieces of bleached cotton sheet-
ing (Wash load ballast type 1) or 50/50
polyester/cotton bleached and mercerized
plain weave (Wash load ballast type 3)
(e 12.12 and 12.13).
5.2Measuring devices.
5.2.1Indelible ink marking pen (e
12.5) for u with suitable rule, tape,
marking template (e 12.6).
5.2.2Tape or rule with divisions in mil-
limeters or smaller increment (e 12.6).
5.2.3Needle and wing thread can be
ud to make bench marks (e 12.11).
5.2.4 Digital Imaging System (e 12.14).
5.3Materials.
5.3.1Detergent, alkylarylsulfonate type,
or 1993 AA TCC Standard Reference Deter-
gent (e 12.7 and 12.13).
5.3.2Hand iron, electric, steam or dry,
weighing approximately 1.4 kg.
6. Test Specimens
6.1Sampling.
6.1.1Test three specimens of each
雪中悍刀行读后感sample. Where possible, each specimen
should contain different groups of length-
wi and widthwi yarns.
6.1.2Fabrics that are badly distorted in
their unlaundered state may give decep-
tive dimensional change results when
laundered by any procedure. Therefore, it
is recommended that the specimen not be
taken from such areas or, if ud, the re-
sults considered as indicative only.
6.1.3In cas of dispute or litigation:
Pre-condition test specimens as directed
in ASTM D 1776, Standard Practice for
Conditioning and Testing Textiles, prior
to conditioning. Otherwi, condition test
specimens for at least 4 h in an atmo-
sphere of 21 ± 1°C and 65 ± 2% RH by
laying each test specimen parately on a
conditioning rack.
6.2Size, Preparation and Marking.
6.2.1The size and preparation of test
specimens will vary depending upon the
type of fabric being tested.
6.2.2For woven and warp knit fabrics
at least 60 cm wide: Preferably, cut three
60 × 60 cm test specimens. Mark each
specimen with three 46 cm pairs of bench
marks parallel to the length of the fabric,
and three 46 cm pairs of bench marks
parallel to the width of the fabric. Each
bench mark must be at least 8 cm from all
edges of the test specimens. Pairs of
bench marks in the same direction must
be approximately 15 cm apart (e Fig.
1). Alternatively, if sample size is limited,
cut three 40 × 40 cm test specimens. If
using this size, mark each specimen with
three 25 cm pairs of bench marks parallel
to the length of the fabric, and three 25
AATCC Test Method 96-2004
Dimensional Changes in Commercial Laundering of Woven and Knitted Fabrics Except Wool
cm pairs of bench marks parallel to the width of the fabric (e 12.8). Each bench mark must be at least 5 cm from all edges of the test specimens. Pairs of bench marks in the same direction must be ap-proximately 12 cm apart (e Fig. 1). 6.2.3For woven and warp knit fabrics under 60 cm wide: Cut three test speci-mens that are each 60 cm in length and the full width of the fabric. Mark each test specimen with 46 cm bench marks parallel to the length of the fabric. The bench marks should be at least 12 cm apart and at least 5 cm from the fabric edges. For the width direction lect bench
mark distances that fit within 5 cm in from the edges. Place three such bench marks on each test specimen in the width direction. Bench marks in the width di-rection should be at least 15 cm apart and at least 8 cm from the top and bottom edges of the fabric (e Fig. 2).
6.2.4Flat and circular knit fabrics: Tu-bular finished knit fabric samples repre-nting goods ud in the tubular state;
<, underwear, sweat shirts, polo shirts, etc., should be tested in the tubular state. Cut three specimens, each 60 cm in length. Tubular finished knit fabrics repre-nting goods ud in the slit open width state; i.e., dress, slacks, suits, etc., are to be slit and handled flat. After slitting fab-ric, cut three test specimens according to 6.2.2 or 6.2.3. Mark specimens as in 6.2.2 or 6.2.3. For fabrics which will run or lad-der, it is suggested that the edges be wn with stitch type 505 (e 12.11).
6.3Original Measurement.
6.3.1Measure by using one of the fol-lowing options:
Option 1: Measure and record the dis-tance between each pair of bench marks with suitable tape or rule to the nearest millimeter or smaller increments. This is Measurement A.
Option 2: If using a tape or template ruled directly in percent dimensional change, original measurements are not re-quired. In ca of narrow fabrics less than
38 cm wide, measure and record width.
7. Procedure
7.1Table I summarizes the alternative
laundering, drying and restoration proce-
dures. Details of laundering procedures
are summarized in Table II.
7.2Washing.
7.2.1Place the specimens in the wash
wheel with sufficient ballast or other fab-
rics similar to test specimens to make a
1.80 ± 0.07 kg load for Tests Ic, IIc, IIIc,
IVc and Vc. For Test VIc, a load consist-
ing of test specimens and ballast to make
a load of 9.0 ± 0.2 kg shall be ud. Add
66 ± 1 g of 1993 AATCC Standard Refer-
ence Detergent (e 12.7). In soft water
areas this may be reduced to avoid exces-
sive sudsing. Start wash wheel and note
the time. Immediately add water at 41 ±
3°C to the wheel to a level of 18.0 ± 1.0
cm. When this water level has been
reached, inject steam into the wheel until
the temperature reaches that shown in
Row B, Table II. This level will be in-
cread by condend steam.
7.2.2 Test Ic. Stop the wash wheel after
15 min (Row A, Column 1 of Table II)
and drain. Refill the machine to a level of
22.0 ± 1.0 cm with water at a temperature
at 41 ± 36°C and start the machine. Inject
steam, if necessary, to maintain that tem-
perature during the rin. Stop the ma-
chine at the end of the time shown in
Row C, Column 1 of Table II. Repeat this
procedure for the cond rin using the
times and temperatures shown in Rows E
and F, Column 1 of Table II.
7.2.3 Tests IIc, IIIc, IVc and Vc. The
machine runs continuously for the time
shown in Row L of Table II. Begin to
drain off the detergent solution at the end
of the suds cycle at a rate that substan-
tially empties the wash wheel of solution
at the end of the time shown in Row A of
Table II. Measure the time elapd from
the time the wash was started in 7.2. Refill
the machine to a level of 22.0 ± 1.0 cm
with water at a temperature of 41 ± 3°C.
When this water level has been reached,
inject steam, if necessary, to maintain that
temperature during the rin. Drain off the
water at a rate that substantially empties
the wash wheel at the end of the sum of
the times shown in Rows A and C mea-
sured from the time the wash wheel was
started. Immediately refill the wash wheel
to a level of 22.0 ± 1.0 cm with water at
41 ± 3°C. When the water level has been
reached, inject steam, if necessary, to
maintain that temperature during the
rin. Drain off the water at a rate that
substantially empties the wash wheel at
the end of the sum of the times from the
time the wash wheel was started.
7.2.4Test IIc or Test IIIc. The wash
wheel is stopped after the cond rin wa-
ter has drained. For the wet tumble cycle
in Tests IVc and Vc, the wash wheel con-
tinues to run without further addition of
water and is stopped 60 min from the time
the wash wheel is started. In each of the
above operations, the draining time is in-
cluded in the running time. Draining is to
be completed by the end of the time shown
in Row L. The time to fill and drain the
wash wheel is included in the time of the
suds cycle and the two rins in Tests IIc,
IIIc, IVc and Vc, in which the machine is
run continuously from the start of the test.
7.2.5Test VIc. Stop the wash wheel af-
ter 10 min (Row A, Column 6 of Table II)
and drain. Refill the machine to a level of
22.0 ± 1.0 cm with water at a temperature
at 60 ± 3°C and start the machine. Inject
steam, if necessary, to maintain that tem-
perature during the rin. Stop the ma-
chine at the end of the time shown in Row
C, Column 6 of Table II. This procedure is
repeated for the cond, third and fourth
rins using the times and temperatures
shown in Rows E-J, Column 6 of Table II.
7.3Drying.
7.3.1The specimens may be dried by
Fig. 1—Bench mark placement (woven and warp knit fabrics at least 60 cm wide).Fig. 2—Bench mark placement (woven and warp knit fabrics under 60 cm wide).
any one of the five procedures shown in Ta-ble I (e 12.9), except for Test VIc, u procedure A only (Tumble Dry). The choice of drying procedure should be gov-erned by the intended end-u of the fabric. For drying procedures A, B, D and E, re-move the load from the wash wheel and centrifuge the load for a minimum of 3 min.
7.3.2(A) Tumble Dry. Place the ex-tracted load in a tumble dryer at 60 ±11°C for 30 min or until dry.
7.3.3(B) Line Dry. Hang each ex-tracted specimen by two corners with the fabric length in the vertical direction. Al-low the test specimens to hang in still air at room temperature until dry.
7.3.4(C) Drip Dry. Remove the non-extracted specimens from the wash wheel and hang by two corners, with the fabric length in the vertical direction. Allow the test specimen to hang in still air at room temperature until dry. This procedure is preferable for durable press fabrics.
7.3.5(D) Screen Dry. Spread each ex-tracted specimen on a horizontal screen or perforated surface, removing wrinkles but not distorting or stretching, and allow to dry in still air at room temperature. 7.3.6(E) Flatbed Press Dry. Smooth the extracted specimens to remove wrin-kles, without distorting or stretching, and press dry on the flatbed press according
to the following cycle:
(a)Five s steam with head up.
(b)Five s dry hot press with head down
with steam at a temperature of 148 ± 3°C.
(c)Five s vacuum, steam off, head down.
(d)Five s vacuum, steam off, head up.
7.4Conditioning and Restoration.qq举报
7.4.1After the completed washing and
drying intervals, precondition (e 6.1.3)
and condition specimens for at least 4 h
by laying each specimen parately on a
conditioning rack in an atmosphere of 21
± 1°C and 65 ± 2% RH.
7.4.2Hand Iron. If the specimens are
wrinkled and the appearance is such that
the consumer would expect to iron the
garment made from the sample material,
test specimens may be ironed prior to re-
measurement of the distance between
bench marks.
7.4.2.1 Due to the extremely high vari-
ability of hand ironing procedures per-
formed by individual operators (no stan-
dard test method exists for hand ironing
procedures), the reproducibility of di-
mensional change results after hand iron-
ing has been found to be extremely poor.
Conquently, caution is advid when
comparing dimensional change results af-
ter laundering and hand ironing, reported
by different operators.
7.4.2.2 Hand ironing is intended prima-
rily for the evaluation of fabrics that require
ironing after laundering. U safe ironing
temperatures appropriate to the fibers in the
fabric being ironed. See Table I, Safe Iron-
ing Temperature Guide, in AA TCC Method
133, Colorfastness to Heat: Hot Pressing.
Exert only that pressure during pressing
which is necessary to remove wrinkles.
7.4.3Pressing, Test VIc. Cool the dry
specimen a minimum of 5 min and then
moisten sufficiently with water to allow
good pressing. Wet the specimen using a
spray nozzle t for fine mist. Let the speci-
men remain in this condition for 5 min,
smooth it to remove wrinkles without dis-
tortion and then press it either with a flatbed
press or hand iron. Set the head of the press
or the hand iron at a temperature of 120-
150°C. When a hand iron is ud, do not
slide the iron back and forth on the speci-
men, but simply press it down in a manner
simulating the action of a flat-bed press.
7.4.4 After hand ironing or pressing,
pre-condition (e 6.1.3) and then condi-
tion specimens for at least 4 h by laying
each specimen parately on the screen or
perforated shelf of a conditioning rack in
an atmosphere at 21 ± 1°C (70 ± 2°F) and
65 ± 2% RH.
8. Measurement and Evaluation
8.1After conditioning, lay each test spec-
imen without tension on a smooth, horizon-
tal surface and determine dimensional
change by one of the following options:
Option 1: Measure and record the dis-
tance between each pair of bench marks
to the nearest millimeter, 0.1 in. or smaller
increment. This is Measurement “B.”
Option 2: If using a scale marked in per-
cent dimensional change, measure to near-
est 0.5% or smaller increment and record
the percent dimensional change directly.
8.2The wrinkles in most fabrics flatten
sufficiently under pressure of the measur-
ing instrument at the time of measure-
ment not to cau measurement bias.
9. Calculations
9.1Using Distance Measurements.
9.1.1Calculate the dimensional change
after the first and fifth cycle for each
specimen to the nearest 0.1%, using the
following equation, or other specified
number of washing and drying cycles, as
follows (e 12.10):
% Dimensional Change= (B – A) × 100/A
where:
A=the average of the three original
measurements for the lengthwi
or widthwi direction in the
specimen.
B=the average of the three measure-
ments after cycle completed for
the lengthwi or widthwi direc-
tion of the specimen.
Table I—Commercial Washing, Drying and Restoration Procedures
Tests Washing Temperatures Total Time Drying Restoration
Ic41 ± 3°C30 min A.Tumble0.None
IIc51 ± 3°C45 min B.Line 1.Hand Iron
IIIc63 ± 3°C45 min C.Drip 2.Flatbed Press IVc74 ± 3°C60 min D.Screen
什么时候是安全期Vc99 ± 3°C60 min E.Flatbed Press
VIc60 + 3°C32 min
Table II—Washing Test Conditions
TEST
Ic IIc IIIc IVc Vc VIc WASH
(A) Suds Time (min)
(B) Cycle Temp
15
40 ± 3°C
30
52 ± 3°C
30
晕车怎么办最有效方法63 ± 3°C
40
74 ± 3°C
40
98 ± 3°C
10
60 ± 3°C
FIRST RINSE继续教育制度
(C) Time (min)
(D) Temp
5
41 ± 3°C
5
41 ± 3°C
5
41 ± 3°C
5
41 ± 3°C
5
41 ± 3°C
10
60 ± 3°C
SECOND RINSE
(E) Time (min)
(F) Temp
10
41 ± 3°C
10
41 ± 3°C
10
41 ± 3°C
10
41 ± 3°C
10
41 ± 3°C
3
49 ± 3°C
THIRD RINSE
(G) Time (min)
(H) Temp none none none none none3
38 ± 3°C
FOURTH RINSE (I) Time (min) (J) Temp none none none none none3
38 ± 3°C
WET TUMBLE
(K) Time (min)none none none553 Total Running Time
鲜的近义词
(L) Time (min)30a45b45b60b60b32a
a Machine is stopped between cycles.
b Machine operates continuously. Becau the machine runs continuously from the start of the test, the time to fill and drain the machine is included in the time of the suds cycle and the two rins in Test IIc, IIIc, IV
c an
d Vc.
9.1.2Calculate the average lengthwi and widthwi percent dimensional change for all specimens.
9.2Using Dimensional Change Scale.
9.2.1Average the scale measurements for each direction of each specimen to the nearest 0.1%.
9.2.2Average the scale measurements for each direction of all specimens.
10. Report
10.1Report for each sample tested: 10.1.1Dimensional change of both length and width, parately (e 9.1.2).
10.1.2Washing procedure (Roman nu-meral), drying procedure (capital letter) and restoration procedure (Arabic nu-meral) from Table I; i.e., I,E,1 means Wash Procedure I, Flatbed press dry, and tension presr restoration. Indicate size of load; i.e., 1.8 kg.
10.1.3 Number of complete washing
and drying cycles.
10.1.4If fabrics are visibly distorted in unlaundered state.
10.1.5Restoration procedure, if any. 10.1.6Alternate size specimens and bench marks, if ud.
10.1.7The detergent ud.
10.1.8Any modification to the test.
11.Precision and Bias
11.1Precision.
11.2Single-Laboratory Study. Six wo-ven fabrics were tested in one laboratory, using one operator to
determine dimen-sional stability on three different speci-mens by using Test VIc, Tumble Dry. Three specimens were taken from each fabric sample and three measurements were made in each specimen in both the warp and filling directions. This single-laboratory data t was analyzed and ud in writing a temporary precision state-ment, pending a full interlaboratory study. Until the full study is completed, urs of the test method are advid to ex-erci conventional statistical caution in making any comparisons of test results. The variances for the warp and filling di-rections were analyzed as follows:
11.2.1Warp. Variances for the warp di-rection ranged in value from 0.012 to 0.048, with an average value of 0.027% (standard deviation = 0.165%), as deter-mined by analysis of variance.
11.2.2Filling. V ariances for the filling direction ranged in value from 0.0025 to 0.0800, with an average value of 0.0203% (standard deviation = 0.143%), as determined by analysis of variance. Two averages of obtained values should be considered significantly differ-ent at the 95% probability level if the dif-ferences equals or exceeds the critical differences listed in Tables III and IV. 11.3 Bias. The values derived by this pro-cedure can be defined only in terms of a test method. There is no independent, referee test method by which bias may be deter-
mined. This test method has no known bias.
12. Notes
12.1The wheel (cage) is 56 ± 5 cm inside
diameter and 56 ± 5 cm inside length. There
are three fins, each approximately 7.5 cm
high, extending the full length of the inside of
the wheel. A fin is located every 120° around
the inside diameter of the wheel. The wash
wheel rotates at a speed of 30 ± 5 rpm, making
5-10 revolutions before reversing. The water
inlets are large enough to permit filling the
wheel to 0.3 cm level in less than 2 min and
the outlet is large enough to permit discharge
of the same amount of water in less than 2
min. The machine is equipped with a pipe, for
injecting live steam, that is capable of raising
the temperature of water at a 19.3 cm level
from 38-60°C in less than 2 min. The machine
shall contain an opening for the inrtion of a
thermometer or other equivalent equipment
for determining the temperature of the water
during the washing and rinsing procedures. It
is equipped with an outside water gauge that
will indicate the level of the water in the
wheel. A washing machine of this type, such
as Model 2420D, is available from Powercom
Corp., 5 Sage Hill Ln., Troy NY 12180; tel:
518/273-3011.
12.2Pressing equipment of the type de-
scribed may be obtained from Hoffman New
Yorker, 25 McLean Blvd., Paterson NJ 07514.
New Yorker Flatbed Press Model ES 24 X 48
or Model ES 24 X 60.
感恩所有的遇见12.3Screen or perforated conditioning/dry-
ing racks are available from Somers Sheet
Metal Inc., 5590 N. Church St., Greensboro
NC 27405; tel: 336/643-3477; fax: 336-643-
7443. Rack drawings are available from
AATCC, P.O. Box 12215, Rearch Triangle
Park NC 27709; tel: 919/549-8141; fax: 919/
549-8933; e-mail: orders@aatcc.
12.4An extracting machine (Model 305-
TX) is available from Bock Laundry Machine
Co., 3600 Summit St., Toledo OH 43611; tel:
419/726-2645.
12.5Marking pens with different size tips
are available from Mark-Tex Corp., P.O. Box
681, Englewood NJ 07631; tel: 201/567-4111;
and AATCC, P.O. Box 12215, Rearch Tri-
angle Park NC 27709; tel: 919/549-8141; fax:
919/549-8933; e-mail: orders@ aatcc.
12.6A ruled template marked in percent
dimensional change is available from
AATCC, P.O. Box 12215, Rearch Triangle
Park NC 27709; tel: 919/549-8141; fax: 919/
549-8933; e-mail: orders@aatcc. A me-
chanical marking device and measuring tape
marked in percent dimensional change is
available from Benchmark Devices Inc., 3305
Equestrian Trail, Marietta GA 30064; tel:
770/795-0042; fax: 770/421-8401; e-mail:
bmarkers@bellsouth.
12.7Alkylarylsulfonate synthetic deter-
gents are available under varying trade names
from most suppliers of detergents. The 1993
AA TCC Standard Reference Detergent is avail-
able from AATCC, P.O. Box 12215, Rearch
Triangle Park NC 27709; tel: 919/549-8141;
fax: 919/549-8933; e-mail: orders@ aatcc.
12.8Dimensional change results obtained
with the 50 cm bench marks may not be equal
to tho obtained with 25 cm bench marks.
12.9An alternative drying procedure, not to
be ud for referee tests, is as follows: remove
the specimens from the wash wheel and
squeeze out the excess water by hand, without
wringing, twisting or passing through squeeze
rolls. Spread each specimen on a horizontal
screen or perforated surface, removing wrin-
kles but not distorting or stretching and allow
to dry in still air at room temperature. Dampen
the specimen with water, allow to stand for
5min, then press dry on the flatbed press as
directed in 7.3.6.
12.10If information on the dimensional
change variability within or between speci-
mens is needed, calculate dimensional change
bad on the individual pairs of bench marks
for within specimen data or bad on the aver-
age of the three pairs of bench marks for be-
tween specimen data.
12.11ASTM D 6193, Standard Practice for
Stitches and Seams, available from ASTM,
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken PA
19428-2959; tel: 610/832-9585; fax: 610/832-
9555.
12.12Ballast are available from Testfabrics
Inc., P.O. Box 26, West Pittston PA 18643; tel:
570/603-0432; fax: 570/603-0433; e-mail:
; and Textile Innovators
Corp., div. of SDL Atlas L.L.C., P.O. Box 8,
101 Forest St., Windsor NC; tel: 252/794-9703;
fax: 252/794-9704; e-mail:
12.13The AATCC Technical Center con-
ducted a study to compare the 1993 AATCC
Standard Reference Detergent 124 and two
different types of ballast fabrics (current and
秋天的手抄报propod), under the following test conditions:
Machine cycle:(1)—Normal/Cotton Sturdy
Washing Temp:(V)—60 ± 3°C
Drying Procedure:(A)i—Tumble dry, cotton
sturdy cycle
Fabrics tested:White Twill (100% cotton)
Beige Twill (100% cotton)
Grey Poplin (100% cotton)
Blue Twill (50/50 poly/cotton)
No significant differences were found in the re-
sults using either detergent or ballast load fabrics.
12.14 A digital imaging system may be
ud as a measuring device in place of the pre-
scribed manual measurement devices if it is
established that its accuracy is equivalent to
the manual devices.
Table III—Within-Laboratory
Critical Differences
% Shrinkage—95% Probability Level
N SE CD
10.1650.462
30.0950.266
50.0740.207
70.0620.174
N=Number of determinations per average
SE=Standard Error for N determinations
CD=2.8 SE
Table IV—Within-Laboratory
Critical Differences
% Shrinkage—95% Probability Level
N SE CD
10.1430.399
30.0820.230
50.0640.178
70.0540.150
