内容摘要
f第二语言习得是一个复杂的过程,语言学习者在这个过程中不可避免
地会犯这样或那样的错误。几十年来,对学习者语言错误的研究一直为国内外的广大英语教师和科研工作者所热衷。然而,绝大多数的研究者把目光投向了中,低水平的英语学习者,研究范围也大都局限于词或句子层面上。研究生这样高水平的英语学习者在语篇这样高层面上的错误则往往被忽视。,本论文采用错误分析的理论对两所大学50名英语语占学及应用语言学专业研究生毕业论文中出现的语篇错误进行了探讨。混血种人
随机选取的50本论文被按照不同学校,完成时间和研究方向进行了分类之后找出错误138个,其中属于语篇方面的错误71个。通过定性分析和定量分析,71个涉及语篇方面的错误又被作者细分为5类,分别定义为:语篇范畴的混淆、语篇的前后不一致、语篇歧义、语篇中的过度概括和语篇研究对象的转移。语篇范畴的混淆指~些词,句,表达方式等等分属于不同的范畴却混合在同一语篇中,尽管合乎语法规则,却破坏了语篇的整体效果;语篇的前后不一致指的是某一语篇的前部分所陈述的内容与同一语篇的后部分相抵触,相矛盾;语篇歧义现象指的是在语篇中存在一些引起歧义的成分,而这些引起歧义的成分只有通过对语篇进行详细的剖析才能消除;语篇中的过度概括指的是这样~种现象,一篇论文的作者表达的其论文将探讨的问题远远大于其论文实际研究的内容,两者之间不能一一对应,却形成
了整体与部分的关系;语篇研究对象的转移这种错误在学术论文性的语篇中指的是一篇论文的研究对象不固定,随着语篇的发展变化,增加,减少或转移。
通过对5种语篇错误的详细举例、剖析,结合语篇错误的出现频率及其特点,本论文的分析结果归纳如下:赛龙舟的规则
首先,作为高水平的英语学习者,研究生已经很少在词或句子层面上出错,但出现在语篇层面上的错误仍是个不容忽视的问题。
其次,一些语篇错误,如范畴混淆的错误,就其本身来讲语法上是行
得通的,但是放到大的语篇环境中却破坏了语篇的和谐与整体效果。
苦笑伴奏iii
再次,语篇的前后不一致是个较为突出的问题,它在一定程度上破坏了论文的连续性,使语篇不能够正常发展。水孩子的故事
儿女的好榜样本文只是对英语语言学及应用语言学专业研究生毕业论文中语篇错误的一个尝试性分析,希望这些有限的研究和发现能够引起研究生们的关注,在写作的过程中能多注意其论文的逻辑性,科学性和学术性,及时避免一些可以预见的语篇错误。上眼皮浮肿下垂
关键词:错误分析语篇错误研究生论文
南姜的功效与作用Abstract
Secondlanguageacquisition(SLA)isacomplexprocess,duringwhichlearnersproducealargenumberoferrors.Thestudyoferrorshasbeencarriedoutbymanyscholarsathomeandabroad(Bhatia,1974;Dulay,andButt.1974;ZhuMeiping,1990;LiuShaolong,1999,etc.).Theybelievedthatmosterrorthatlearnersmakeshouldnotbecorrectedbecausetheyaredevelopmentalones,whichhavearousedgreatattentionandhavebeenexploredbymanyresearchers.However,theirresearchfocuseschieflyondatacollectedfromelementaryandintermediatelearners,andatthewordlevelandthesentencelevel.ThediscoursalerIursmadebytheadvancedlearnershaveseldombeenmentioned.Thisdissertationaimstoscmtinizethed
iscoursalerrorsinthe50sampleddissertationsmadebythepostgraduatesmajoringinlinguisticsandappliedlinguisticsintwouniversities.
The50sampleddissertationsmaybedividedaccordingtodifferentcategories,suchasuniversity,yearofissuingandbranchesoflearning.138errorsareselectedfromthe50dissertations.Amongthem71errorshavebeenfoundatthediscourselevelwhichtake51.4%ofthewhole.Byquantitativeandqualitativeanalysis,the71discoursalerrorsarefurtherdividedintofive
andnumberwhichhavecategoriesbytheauthorwithstatisticalpercentage
alsobeenutilizedinthisdissertation.Thefivecategoriesareidentifiedas:discoursalerrorsinca开展红色教育
tegory—mixture.discoursaleITorsininconsistency,discoursale/Torsinambiguity,discoursalerrorsinovergeneralization,anddiscoursalerrorsinsubject·shifting.Discoursalerrorsincategory—mixturerefertosomewords.sentencesorwaysofexpressionbelongingtodifferentcategories,butmixedtogetherwithinonediscourse,thoughtheyare
v
grammaticallycorrect;discoursalerrorsininconsistencyusuallyrefertothediscoursesinwhichtheformerpartsofthediscoursescannotaccord.0rcontradictwiththeirlatterparts;discoursalerrorsinambiguityrefertothosesemanticallyconfusederrorswhichexistinthediscourse,andCanonlybeinterpretedthroughtheanalysisofthewholediscourse;discoursalerrorsinovergeneralizationrefe
rtosuchakindofphenomenonthattheauthorclaimstOdoatthebeginningofonediscourse,buthe/sheovergeneralizeswhathe/shedoesattheendofthesa/nediscourseandthereisnocorrespondedrelationbetweenthem;discoursalerrorsinsubject-shiffingrefertothesubjectoftheauthor’Sresearchwhichshiftsfromtheoriginalonetoanother,orfromanindividualtothegroupinthediscoursedevelopment.Detaileddescriptionandexplanationabouteachofthefivecategorieswithexamplesfilepresentedinthemainbodyofthedissertation.
111emajorfindingsinthisdissertationmaybesummarizedaSthefollowing:
Firstofall,astheadvancedlearners,postgraduatescommitafewerrorsatthewordlevelorsentencelevel,buttendtomakemoreerrorsatthediscourselev
elandthedatacollectedfromthedissertationsprovesthattheredoexistalotofdiscoursalerrorsinthepostgraduates’dissertations.Secondly,manydiscoursalerrorsmadebythepostgraduates,suchasthediscoursalerrorsincategory—mixture,alegrammaticallycorrect.Theybecomeerroneousonlyinthecontextofthelargerlinguisticunit(discourse)inwhichtheyoccurred.
Thirdly,thecontinuityofthewholediscourseisdeslxoyedbythediscoursalerrorsininconsistency,whichoccupiesthehighestpercentageamongthefivecategories.
Thecurrentresearchisonlyallattempttofindoutthediscoursalerrorsandtheirclassificationfromwhichsomefindingsmaybedrawn.WhatIhopewithagreatexpectationisthatmyresearchandfmdingscana
rousethepostgraduates’attention,considerationandlogicalthinkingincopingwiththeirdissertationsasawhole.
Keywords:ErrorAnalysisDiscoursalerrorPostgraduates’dissertations