一、在下列每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确答案，并将其字母标号填入括号内。
1. A ____study is concerned with the historical development of a language over a period of time.
A. syntagmatic B. paradigmatic C. synchronic D. diachronic
2. The distinctive features which can only have an effect on one sound gment are called _______features. ( )
3. A. design B. distinct C. gmental D. supragmental
4. According to the prence or abnce of_____ vibration, the English consonants can be classified into two groups: voiceless consonants and voiced consonants. ( )
5. A. mouth B. dental C. palatal D. vocal cord
6. The science that examines word formation and the internal structure of words is______ . ( )
7. A. syntax B. pragmatics 电信网速慢C. morphology D. phonology
8. Which one is NOT a superagmental feature of English language? ( )
A.stress B. pitch C. tone D. juncture
9. If two or more sounds never appear in the same environment, and the substitution of one sound for another do not bring about a change in meaning, they are said to be in ______distribution.( )
10. A. parallel B. free C. complementary D. contrastive
7. The ____ relation shows us the inner layering of ntences. ( )
A. quential B. syntactic C. hierarchical D. discour
8. Each branching point in a phra marker is called a (n)_____. ( )
A. subject B. object C. node D. phra
9. When a pair of words are opposite in meaning, they are_____. ( )
A. antonyms B. hyponyms C. synonyms D. homographs
10. Which of the following holds that linguistic theory should go beyond the mere description of linguistic structure to explain the functions fulfilled by linguistic forms? ( )
A. The Prague School B. The London School
C. the American structuralists D. The psycholinguists
二、填空题。(每小题 1 分，共 10 分)
11. The study of speech sounds of all human languages is .
公用厕所12. According to Chomsky, is “the speaker –hearer’s knowledge of his language”.
13. Language involves the way in which speech comes to thoughts.
14. A relation is a relation between a linguistic element in an utterance and linguistic
elements outside that utterance, but belonging to the same sub-system of the language.
15. According to the position of the velum, consonants are divided into oral consonants and consonants.
16. The words that sound different but have the same or nearly the same meaning are called .
17. The basic difference between pragmatics and traditional mantics is that pragmatics considers meaning in context while traditional mantics studies meaning in from the context of u.
18. There are two types of reference, exophora and .
19. The meaning of pairs of antonyms is characterized by relativity.
统的成语20. The approaches of cond language acquisition lay an emphasis on the importance of the inner world of an individual and put the individual’s thoughts, feelings and emotions at the first place in all human development.
三、判断改错题。(每小题 2 分，共 10 分)如错误，请标明错误之处，并修改。
21. In theory, the length of a ntence is limited.
22. The meaning of a ntence is much more than the sum of the meaning of the individual words in a ntence.
23. The verbs in verb phra are called main verbs; the other verbs are small verbs.
24. An English word and a Chine equivalent may have the same denotative meaning but different connotations.
段考总结25. The surface structure of a ntence is abstract.
四、翻译题。(细思极恐鬼故事每小题 2 分，共 30 分) 请给出下列术语的英/汉语翻译
26 Competence 27 Connotative meaning 28 deletion rules
29directives 30emotive meaning 31formal instructions
32Discour analysis 33Geographic dialect 34illocutionalry act
35ideational function 36正迁移
37关联准则
38语义场
39二语习得
40沃尔夫假说
变速箱油更换周期五、用英语简要回答下列问题。(每小题 4 分，共 20 分)
41 What is sociolinguistics ?42 What is lingua franca ?43 What is language acquisition generally referred to?
44 Explain the Critical Period Hypothesis.45 What is the behaviorist view of language?
6、论述题 (每小题 10 分，共 20 分) 。请用英语回答下列问题，每题答案不少于120词。
46 How do you understand both the formalist and functional approach to language acquisition?
47 Ｗhat are the potential changes that may be brought about by the adoption of the communicative approach in language instruction?
一、在下列每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确答案，并将其字母标号填入括号内。
1.狗的一生 D 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. C 8.如何给电脑设置密码 C 9. A 10. A
