Women’s Political Status in the United States
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Since women were entitled by the 19th Amendment to enjoy the right to vote in 1920 in USA, women’s political status has been improved significantly. However, the fact is that, at prent, the majority of American women are not in power and there is still invisible discrimination against them.
酱焖鲫鱼When reviewing the milestones for the improvement of women’ political status, veral events have to be mentioned.
Dating back to the year of 1848，the first wave of women’s movement took place in the United States, with striving for the right to vote as the focus, for the right to vote is the prerequisite and foundation of women’s political participation. On that day, more than 300 American women gathered in Seneca Falls of New York city, which is considered to be the threshold of the movement fighting for voting rights. It was until 1920 that the 19th Amendment was relead public to recognize that women have the right to vote. It marks th
e victory of the first wave of the women’s movement. The reason why the first wave movement valued the right to vote is that, only with the right to vote, can women take a real part in the political life of the United States and wiled influence towards the direction beneficial to women.
The establishment of National Women's Association (NOW) in 1966 worked as the main indicator of the cond wave of women's movement in the United States. This wave of movement regarded cultivating and electing female politicians as a vital approach to achieve gender equality. In 1975, Political Action Committee was t up mainly to support female candidates to rai funds and to run for state and congressional office. In addition, the National Women’s Political Caucus was established in 1971 with its main purpo to increa the number of women in political circle and to build up a political backing force for gender equality. At the same time, other organizations, which offered special favor for female candidates to run for office, to rai funds and to canvass, came into birth, including Emily's List, The WISH List, the Women’s Campaign Fund. The organizations collected donations through social network from donors to enhance and back women’s participation in politics financially.朗读
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Thanks to the first wave and the cond wave of women’s movements, political status of women and women’s passion to participate in politics is raid to an unprecedented level in the history.
头麻是怎么回事According to the statistics of voters of all previous ctions in presidential election, the percentage of women’s actual turnout number among registered female voters, surpasd that of men’ as early as 1980. The gap incread to 0.3 % in 1980, 3.1% in 2000 and 3.8 % in 2004. When it comes to absolute numbers, in 1980, which witnesd the smallest gap between the number of female voters and that of the male, female voters outnumbered the male by 5.5 million voters. A new record was t in 2004 with fe
产品推介male voters in excess of the male by 8.8 million voters, which indicated that women constituted the majority of actual voters.
In addition to exercising voting rights, increasing female politicians are appearing and they are approaching to the top of their profession. In recent years, nior politicians, including Madelaine Albright and Condoleezza Rice, played an important role in national issues, displaying women’s political style and features and win respects nationwide.
At the same time, the public recognition of women’s political participation is improved. A Gallup poll showed that 70% of Americans believed that the United States will be in better situation if more women were in charge of public affairs.
Although in the United States，women are enjoying active exerci of voting rights and their political status has been raid, in general, the level of American women's political participation is not high and the majority of them are not in power. Compared with the percentage of women’s population among the total population of USA, the proportion of women participating in politics is obviously small. This reflects the weightlessness status i海伦凯勒的名言
n political filed of women as a whole.
Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM) is a measure of inequalities between men's and women's opportunities in a country reflecting participation and decision making in politics and economy. Human Development Report in 2009 suggested that, USA ranks the 13偏门项目th in the world with the GEM of 0.767. This is an evidence to reveal that America still has obvious inequalities between men and women in politics and women fail to share the equal political opportunities with men.
Besides, women have difficulties in making it to the top in the field of politics. From 1976 to 2004, only 79 female candidates were nominated by the party to compete for the post of governor of a state. In a single year, 10 women received nominations for the post of governor of a state, which t the highest record of women’s nomination for governor of states. And this only happens in 1998 and 2002. According to the data of 2007, the percentage of American women rving in state legislatures was only 23%. And in the Senate and Hou of Reprentatives, women accounts for only 21.4% and 24.2% of the ats. 近朱者赤
