Land Resources Information Acquisition Bad on
彩铅风景Remote Sensing Images
Zhongshao Li 1, Ting Niu *2
1
Xinjiang Petroleum Administration Bureau of Water Supply Company, Karamay, Xinjiang, China *2
Xinjiang Autonomous Region Economic and Information Commission, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
1
; *2
Abstract- The paper lected Karamay district area as an example, and introduced the u of HJ from multi-temporal remote nsing images in land resource information. We took 2 stage remote nsing images (2009/05, 2012/05) as the data source, ud RS, GIS technology, and analyd the study area
什么水果美白效果最好好对联推荐land u characteristics of temporal and spatial variation from 2009 to 2012. The rearch showed that from the 1970s up to 2012, forest land, grassland and other land u proportion in Karamay district area had gradually reduced; cultivated land and industrial land proportion had gradually incread; the incread area of residential land Keywords- Land Resources Information Acquisition; Multi-temporal; Karamay
and roads were very small, and the water area had changed greatly.
I. INTRODUCTION
Since the beginning of 21st century, land u/cover change (LUCC) has become a national or regional hotspot issue about the global environmental change and sustainable development [1]. The land u/land cover change is one of the main caus of global environmental change, global climate change, and ecological environment evolution, and it shows the clo relationship between human and environment [2-4]. In the promoting of “international geosphere and biosphere program” and “global environmental change plan”, the land u/land cover change rearch has become one of the core content of the current global environmental change rearch [5-7].
II. MATERIALS AND METHODS
A. The Study Area
Karamay is located in the north western margin of Junggar basin. And in accordance with the mountain foothill, it is located in the east drive, E80°44′-86°1′, N44°7′-46°8′. Its neighbours are: Mongolian autonomous county on the northeast; the Shawan County on the southeast; Torrey and Wusu counties on the western; Shihezi city which parates the Dushanzi District from Karamay on the south, which make this area become an enclave of Karamay. In 2002, Karamay’s crude oil output reached 10 million tons, which made it become the first crude oil output source of millions of tons in western China. The
geographic information of this study area is shown in Fig. 1 below.
Fig.1 The topographic map of study area
B.Materials
The data ud in this paper mainly include remote nsing data, the geographic data and field survey data.
Remote nsing data: 2009, 2012 HJ02 and Quick bird image data; The geographic data: vectors of administrative boundaries, vectors of rivers, 2012 prent land u map; Field investigation data: 25 points sampling data, including the types of land, vegetation types, vegetation coverage, etc.
C.Selection of Remote Sensing Data Sources and Data Processing
The remote nsing data are shown in Table 1, which have radiation correction and geometric correction. By using ASTER and ETM to make image registration, the error is less than 0.3 pixels, so it can meet the precision requirement of the analysis. Using ENVI Version 4.0, the HJ02 (4, 3, 2 band) standard fal color is composited. Finally, the edge and color of synthetic image are enhanced. And the UTM projection, WGS84 coordinate system and TIFF grid format are adopted.
TABLE 1 INTERPRETATION ACCURACY VERIFICATION
搓的拼音
Type Forest land urban green space agricultural land Ecological land water Interpretation accuracy％
grassland 112 10 0 0 1 91
urban green space 1 61 0 0 16 78
agricultural land 0 0 8 1 0 89
Ecological land 0 0 9 1 90
water 2 0 0 0 12 86
D.Rearch Methods
Firstly, bad on the Karamay district area land u map in 2012 and the project team members’ field survey results in April 2012, we established HJ02 remote nsing image interpretation signs in 2009. Through the interpretation of remote nsing and field survey, we updated land u data to the year 2009; then, in reference to the remote nsing interpretation results of 2009, we interoperated other three remote nsing data of 2009 and 2012, and made land u topical sketches; the third ste
p: through on-site verification, we eliminated difficult areas, modified problem area, updated interpretation sketch, made land u map; the fourth step: with the aid of GIS platform, we analyzed the evolution of land u, rearched the characteristics of landscape ecology u change.
E.Field Investigation
To guarantee the accuracy of remote nsing data interpretation in July 2011, a field investigation had been carried out again in the study area on October 8, 2013. First of all, for in situ using GPS positioning, typically coordinate values were collected. According to the coordinates and remote nsing images, such as their size, shape, shadow, color, texture characteristics and relation with the surrounding terrain, primary class interpretation symbol was t up. Bad on different remote nsing data interpretation signs, there were different interpretations of data. To ensure the accuracy of visual interpretation, geometric correction and band combination of remote nsing images, as well as data fusion and a ries of processing bad on image, when the difficult ntence was suspected, its geographic coordinates would be read in situ interpretation. On the basis of the above work, the interpretation results were evenly distributed in a random way. And the rate of different types of checkpoint (removal of 61 becau the traffic inconvenience failed to reach point) in situ validation were given. Mainly class average interpretation accuracy test was shown in Table 4, and a
ll kinds of interpretation precision were more than 87%, conforming to the requirements of the remote nsing accuracy.
III.PRESENT LAND USE RESULT
A.Structure
The environmental satellite from 30 meters in the air ud the supervid classification method to obtain land u classification data respectively in August 2009 and August 2012. According to land u classification data statistics from August 2012 (e Table 2): forestry land, urban green space, the area of agricultural land, ecological land and waters were 994.64, 61.54, 1241.68, 4945.41, and 79.64 square kilometers. Since August in the drought period of the year, the water area was significantly less than the annual average size.
TABLE 2 AREAS OF DIFFERENT LAND TYPES IN AUGUST 2012(UNIT: KM2 Type )
Forest land urban green space agricultural land Ecological land water class area 994 62 1215 4945 79.64
B. Land U Change Spatial and Temporal Characteristics
Taking mainly vegetation covering area- the Wuerhe district as an example, a detailed analysis of the space-time characteristics of land u change was made by using the same method. From Table 3 we could e that woodland, grassland and other land had a tendency to decrea; cultivated land and mining land had a growing trend; the incread area of residential land and roads were very small, and water area change had no significant regularity.
TABLE 3 1976-2009 LAND USE AREA SUMMARY TABLE OF WUERHE DISTRICT AREA (UNIT: KM 2
)
Forest and grassland area generally had a reduced tendency, which reflected that the environment of this area zoology had been destroyed, and the ecological environment was in continuous degradation, due to the impact of human activities, such as deforestation, overgrazing and the mass of the petroleum industry. All the largely destroyed the original ecological environment, caud the deterioration of the environment, and then made the woodland and grassland area decrea gradually. Cultivated land area had a growing trend, which mainly reflected the unceasing expansion impact of human activity on environment scope, and the impact on the ecological environment and the increasing extent. From industrial land changes we could also e the impact of human activities on ecological environment. From the table, it could be en in the graph l in 1976 there was no industrial land and no mining activity; in 1989 industrial area (basically be oil industrial area) appeared, and in the subquent two years, industrial land proportion incread cealessly; by 2009, the petroleum industrial land accounted for 8% of Wuerhe district area, which had continuous increa trend. In the ecological environment, the development of oil resources and ecological conrvation was a pair of contradiction on the stereo. Before the formation of Petroleum industrial land, it was woodland or grassland. When the oil exploration activities ro, they directly affected the land u types in surrounding environment. Forest land and meadow degraded gradually and then became bare soil or soil, which riously destructed the local ecological environment.
The water area had changed slightly more complex: within the scope of the main river of Wuerhe district area, they were mainly Baiyang River and some asonal rivers ( such as: Dahl Baxter River ); the river area had changed little; the Yellow Springs rervoir in this area was built in July 1989, and it was built mainly for water regulation, so every year the size of water area was inconsistent; the area of the unique lake - Lake Eric was 43.910km 2. In 1976, it shrank in 1989 and was only 21.444km 2 recovered left; Eric Lake water dried up in 2000. In the same year, the Windy City high library was built, starting to give water to Baiyang River, and then Eric Lake gradually water storage. In 2009, the lake area recovered to 52.260km 2Other us of the land had a trend of narrowing: bare area had a small reducing tendency; it had declined 16km . 2saline land in 30 years. The main reason was the influence of human activities, such as petroleum exploitation in Gobi and emerging oil industry. Part of bare land had changed into industrial land; had changed similarly as the bare area. Mainly becau Eric Lake dried up, along with some special events in 2000, the expod sublacustrine area changed to saline land.
The number of residents in the town area had expanded from 1.451km 2 to 5.759km 2 rural residential area from 1976 to 2009; by contrast, had extended only 2km 2C. Land U Change . Becau there was only a statistical analysis of the main roads, we could e little change of the roads from 1989 up to now. We could e that:
(1) Grassland area had decread by15.368km 2. There were 19.081km 2 of the other land u types changing to grassland. The original grass area was mainly converted to other land and waters, which were 17.737km 2 and 8.400km 2; condly it changed into forest land and industrial land, and the area were 5.778km 2and 2.375km 2(2) Forest land area had reduced 16.643km ; there was a small part of it changing into residential land and farmland.
2. There were 11.378km 2 of the other land u types changing into forest land, respectively 5.778 km 2 of grass, 4.830km 2 of other land and 0.770km 2 of waters. The original forest land reduced area were converted to other land and grassland, which were 1
3.234km 2 and 8.237km 2; condly it changed into industrial land and arable land, which were 3.570km 2 and 2.270km 2; there was a small part of it turning into waters and residential land (3) Cultivated area had incread by 2.668km .
2. The incread farmland area mainly came from the forest land and other land, which covered an area of 2.270km 2 and 1.375km 2, and there was a small amount of water and grass, of which the area was 0.092 km 2 and 0.025km 2. There was also some area partially converted to other types of land u in the original land area, mainly the 0.509km 2 of farmland changing to residential land, 0.0
79km 2 of farmland changing to waters, as well as 0.050km 2(4) The residential area had incread 0.842km of cultivated land turning into industrial land.
2, and the incread residential area mainly came from the cultivated land with an area of 0.509KM 2. Secondly it was derived from a small piece of forest land, grassland and water area which were 0.162km 2, 0.134km 2 and 0.037km 2(5) Industrial land had incread 11.353km .
2, which mainly came from other land, forest land and grassland, which were 5.358km 2, 3.570km 2, and 2.375km 2(6) The water area had incread substantially, and the total area was 51.097km ; condly, there was a small piece of cultivated land.
2. The incread area mainly cane from other land, which is 45.391km 2, and grassland covering an area of 8.4km 2. In addition, there was a small piece of forest land and cultivated land area of 0.548km 2 and 0.079km 2, respectively. At the same time, the original
3.321km 2 of water area was converted to other types of land u, with an area of 2.023km 2, the forest land and grassland area of 0.770km 2, 0.399km 2 respectively; in addition, there was a small piece of residential land (7) Other land area had reduced 33.949km and cultivated land.
2. There were 17.737km 2 of grassland, 1
3.234km 2 of forest, 2.023km 2 of water and a small piece of cultivated land changing into other land u types. Reduction of the other land area was mainly converted to 5.391km 2 waters, an area of 4 10.445km 2 grassland, 5.358km 2 industrial lands and
4.830km 2 IV. CONCLUSION
forest land area; condly, there was a small piece of cultivated land.
On the basis of the existing Karamay district area of prent land u map, as well as the field survey data, remote nsing interpretation and field survey, we obtained Karamay District area land u status thematic map of 2009 and 2012 from the remote nsing image; with the aid of GIS platform, from the prent situation of land u structure and land u change, spatial temporal characteristics of land u change and three aspects of land u change, we analyzed land u and land cover change spatial temporal evolution, and concluded that :
(1) The largest distribution in Karamay area is other land us, accounting for 37%-40% of the entire area, including soil, saline soil, swamp; Second is forest land and meadow, accounting for 28%-30% and 22%-23% of whole area respectively; water area is not large, accounting for 1%-2% of the total area; industrial land incread rapidly, accounting for 8% of the total area of the district in 2009.
(2) From the 1970s up to now, Karamay district area forest land, grassland and other land u proportion have gradually reduced, but the cultivated land and industrial land proportion have gradually incread; the incread area of residential land ACKNOWLEDGMENT
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and roads are very small, while the water area has changed greatly.
This work is supported by Xinjiang oilfield water supply Company “Kalamay water curity early warning and control technology rearch”.
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Zhongshao Li (1968- ), the first author, Han, Master graduate degree, majoring in computer application, work on丝肉
Xinjiang petroleum administration bureau of Water Supply Company, Karamay, Xinjiang, China. Email:
Ting Niu(1981- ), corresponding author, Han, doctor graduate degree, mainly engaged in the environmental
resources and remote nsing application rearch, work in Xinjiang autonomous region economic and information
commission, China's Xinjiang satellite application engineering center. Email: 感动英语
