The Secret of Suffix “ive”
The suffix "-ive" (also --ative; also --itive; also--tive) is ud to form adjectives, and also nouns derived from them, and means "tending to; having the nature of". An example would be "informative" which means "tending to inform" or "having the nature of informing" (i.e. that which informs or provides information). Examples abound, for instance "creative"; "festive"; destructive"; "detective"; interactive"...
When added to end of a word, it would be an adjective of that someone giving you support, would be support-ive, a person making a suggestion could be suggest-ive宠物壁纸, if you were speaking about something special, you would be object-ive. Other words similar would be - expens-ive, interact-ive, inact-ive.
Adjective: having the quality of
festive : having the quality of a festival or party
cooperative : being able or willing to work with another person or thing
在见
nsitive: easily felt responsive to the ns
Noun: someone or something that does something or can do something; condition
explosive: substance that can explode
detective: someone who tries to discover facts about crimes
native: a person born in a specific place.
护肤的七大步骤
1. Ive in etymology
As is the ca with a substantial number of English affixes, the origin of -ive in English can be traced back to Latin. The Latin adjectival suffix -īvus, the model for the corresponding suffixes in Romance languages, and the English -ive, was attached to participial verbal stems, as in actīvus, affirmatīvus, captīvus, and natīvus, the core meaning of the suffix being ‘characterid by, having the quality
of, or tending to an action’ (OED, s.v. -ive; Jespern 1942:453-455; Marchand 1969:315; Miller 2006:203-205). The affix came into English via French loan words in the Middle English period, with the first attested loans in the OED including hastive (first citation dating from 1297), abortive (a1300), positive (a1300), plentive (c1330), and active (1340). The coinage of new words in -女生爱看的小说ive in English has heavily favoured Latinate verb stems, but what probably assisted the incorporation of the suffix into the English derivational system was that the link between the adjectives in -ive and their underlying verbs is often transparent. Marchand (1969:316) obrves that a number of Latin loans in -ive “could be analyd as derived from [existing] English verbs in -s or -t”. He points out that this pattern then rved as a basis for native coinages with the suffix attached to verbs ending in /t/ or /s/, occurring from the sixteenth century onwards, e.g., boastive, combative, debative, supportive, and wastive. In some cas – which are rather few in number – the adjectives have nominal bas, as in 身体协调性训练architective, bossive, and guessive (e also Bain 1879:248; Plag 2003:97).The English-coined nounbad adjectives recorded i
n the OED and are often jocular and not in frequent u; a more established example is authoritative from the noun authority, following the pattern of the Latin loan quantitative and its corresponding noun quantity (Marchand 1969:317).
As can be en from some of the examples given above, a number of adjectives in -ive actually end in -ative, and there is some desire to consider the latter elements as suffixes in their own right. From a purely synchronic point of view, this makes n in some instances, as adjectives such as affirmative can be analyd as affirm + -ative (Marchand 1969:317, 338; Bauer 1983:224; e also Metcalfe and Astle 1995 s.v. -ive and Peters 2004 s.v. -ative). A notable example can also be found in the fifteenth-century coinage talkative, with -ative attached to the native ba talk. Marchand (1969:317) notes that in this ca, the ending mimics the numerous adjectives ending in -ative. Indeed, the -at- element in veral loan words or Latin-bad coinages, including affirmative, comes from the Latin participial stem of verbs in -are (OED, s.v. -ative). Of cour, if a corresponding English verb in -ate exists (e.g., congratulate), the adjectives would now be analy
d as having the suffixes -ive rather than -ative. However, considering the main focus of the prent study, i.e., the lexical words ending in -ive, the status of the ending as an affix on the one hand, and the status of the lexeme as a loan word or the result of native derivation on the other, are not crucial issues. The scope of this study includes all tho 戚继光动画adjectives ending in -(at)ive which could conceivably have, or have had, a rival word with the other ending.
2. Ive in morpholog
-ive in ME. -if(e), -yf(e) — (O)F. -if, fem. -ive :- L. -īvus, -īvum, fem. -īva, suffix added mainly to pp. stems, e.g. actīvus, -īva ACTIVE, nātīvus inborn, NATIVE, but also to pres. stems, e.g. cadīvus falling, f. cadere, and to sbs., e.g. tempestīvus asonable, f. tempestās TEMPEST. Eng. formations on vb.-stems often assume the appearance of being of the pp. type, as adoptive, lective岁月静安; e also -ATIVE. Some L. adjs. were ud sb., as captīvus, fugitīvus; of this usage there is a wide extension in mod. langs. and Eng. (adjective, explosive, missive, dative). So the can be summarized as the following rule:
-ive (nature or quality of)
Attaches to the past participle stem.
Creates adjectives.
Morphological rule:
– [LexA ⇒LexV[PPP] + ive]Latin
3. Ive in phonology
On the one hand, the suffix -ive belongs to lexical phonology suffixes. It triggers consonant mutations on certain stems, like pursuasive from pursuade or divisive from divide. It also triggers stress shift, e.g. in in"孩子鼻炎dicative from "indicate or ex"ecutive from "execute. Note also that -ive can be followed by other lexical phonology suffixes, e.g. active – activity, connective – connectivity. On the other hand, it should be resorted to when a few special and productive derivational suffi
xes are identified: {-ive}, {-ion} and {-(i)an}. No matter the voicing feature of the grapheme <s> at the end of the ba form, the suffixes determine specific spelling-to-sound correspondences for the preceding <s> and must be learned independently. In other words, it compris pattern subtypes.
