READINGPASSAGE 1
You should spend about 20 minutes onQuestions 1-13, which are bad on Reading Passage 1 below.
Let's GO Bats
A
Bats have a problem: how to find their way around in the dark. They hunt at night, and cannot u light to help them find prey and avoid obstacles. You might say that this is a problem of their own making(构造), one that they could avoid simply by changing their habits and hunting by day. But the daytime economy is already heavily exploited （利用或开发）by other creatures such as birds. Given有意义的生日 that there is a living to be made at night, and given that alternative daytime trades are thoroughly occupied, natural lection has favored bats that make a go of the night-hunting trade.（第3花仙子的故事题） It is probable that the nocturnal （夜的永春佛手茶, 夜曲的）trades go way back in the ancestry （祖先）of all mammals. In the time w
hen the dinosaurs dominated 主宰 the daytime economy, our mammalian哺乳动物的ancestors probably only managed to survive at all becau they found ways of scraping a living 谋生 at night. （第2铅笔画画题）Only after the mysterious mass extinction of the dinosaurs about 65 million years ago were our ancestors able to emerge into the daylight in any substantial numbers.
【宥字取名难句分析】Given that there is a living to be made at night, and given that alternative daytime trades are thoroughly occupied, natural lection has favored bats that make a go of the night-hunting trade.
考虑到夜间可以生存，并且其他白天的交易已经被全部占有，自然选择偏爱可以成功在夜间捕食的蝙蝠。
【重要短语】Given介词
taking (sth) into account 考虑到（某事物）:
Given the government's record on unemployment, their chances of winning the election l
ook poor. 鉴於政府在解决失业问题上成绩不佳, 他们在选举中获胜机会似乎不大.
Given her interest in children/Given that she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her. 考虑到她喜欢孩子, 我可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业.
Favor: prefer
Make a go of: 成功地达到某种目标
She's determined to make a go of her new career.
她决心在新事业上有所成就.
"Chang-lin, you're too timid ever to make a go of anything big!
“长林，你那么胆小，成不得大事！
He was sure he could make a go of the gas station.
他相信他能经营好加油站。
B
Bats have an engineering problem: how to find their way and find their prey in the abnce of light. Bats are not the only creatures to face this difficulty today. Obviously the night-flying incts that they prey on must find their way about somehow. Deep-a fish and whales have little or no light by day or by night. Fish and dolphins that live in extremely muddy water cannot e becau, although there is light, it is obstructed阻碍, 阻挡 and scattered使消散 by the dirt in the water. Plenty of other modern animals make their living in conditions where eing is difficult or impossible. (第1题)
【难句分析】Obviously the night-flying incts that they prey on must find their way about somehow.
很明显，它们（蝙蝠）捕食的夜间飞行的昆虫也要设法辨别方向。
【重要短语】prey on sb/sth (a) hunt or catch (an animal, etc) as prey 捕食（动物等）:
hawks preying on small birds
捕食小鸟的老鹰.
find their way about：
By noting how the pattern of electricity in the water changes, they can find their way about.
通过电的波型在水里的变化，它们可以来去自如。
People were trying to find their way 白日依山尽about on foot,
人们步行着，尽力摸索前进，
New Members of Parliament take a long time to find their way about and it is unlikely that any one man has ever been everywhere.
新上任的议员要花不少时间来熟悉他们要走的路。至今都不可能有任何人走遍宫殿的各个地方。
Somehow: in some way; by some means 以某种方式; 通过某种途径:
We must stop him from eing her somehow. 我们得想个办法不能让他再跟她来往。
Somehow we must get to Glasgow. 我们得设法到格拉斯哥去.
期待的眼神作文C
Given the questions of how to manoeuvre调动, 操纵; （这里指找到方向）in the dark, what solutions might an engineer consider? The first one that might occur to him is to manufacture light, to u a lantern or a archlight. Fireflies and some fish (usually with the help of bacteria) have the power to manufacture their own light, but the process ems to consume a large amount of energy. Fireflies萤火虫u their light for attracting mates. This doesn't require a prohibitive amount of energy: a male's tiny pinprick针孔of light can be en by a female from some distance on a dark night, since her eyes are expod directly to the light source itlf. However, using light to find one's own way around requires vastly more energy, since the eyes have to detect the tiny fraction小部分, 一点儿of the light that bounces off each part of the scene. The light source must therefore be immenly brighter if it is to be ud as a headlight to illuminate 照明 the path, than if i
t is to be ud as a signal to others. In any event, whether or not the reason is the energy expen, it ems to be the ca that, with the possible exception of some weird deep-a fish, no animal apart from 除了 man us manufactured light to find its way about.
【重要短语】Prohibitive：（of prices, etc) so high that one cannot afford to buy （指价格等）高得买不起的: The cost of property in the city is prohibitive. 城里房地产的价格高得使人望而却步.
D迎客堂
What el might the engineer think of? Well, blind humans sometimes em to have an uncanny超常的n of obstacles in their path. It has been given the name 'facial vision'面感视觉, becau blind people have reported that it feels a bit like the n of touch, on the face. One report tells of a totally blind boy who could ride his tricycle三轮车at good speed round the block near his home, using facial vision. Experiments showed that, in fact, facial vision is nothing to do with touch or the front of the face, although the nsation may be referred to the front of the face, like the referred pain in a phantom lim
b (截肢后依然感到肢体存在的)幻肢(感). (第6题)The nsation of facial vision, it turns out, really goes in through the ears. Blind people, without even being aware of the fact, are actually using echoes of their own footsteps and of other sounds, to n the (截肢后依然感到肢体存在的)幻肢(感) prence存在of obstacles. (第7题)Before this was discovered, engineers had already built instruments to exploit the principle, for example to measure the depth of the a under a ship.
