动词不定式三注意
动词不定式是动词的非谓语形式之一，常由“to + 动词原形”构成，可在句中作主语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，状语等。今天，咱们主要谈谈关于它的三个要多加注意的方面。左下腹隐痛
1. 作宾语的动词不定式何时省略to
我们知道，像世界上最长寿的人ask, want, invite, wish, expect, warn 等动词后常接带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。那什么时候把to省略呢？常见的有“一感二听三让四看半帮助”几种情况。即feel sb do sth; listen/ hear sb do; make/ let/ have sb do sth; look at/ e/ watch/ notice sb do sth; help sb ( to ) do sth。
如：I often hear Molly sing songs in her room. 我经常听见莫利在她的房间里唱歌。
Don’t make him stand outside. 别让他在外边站着了。
【知识拓展】
① 若表示“看到/听到/感觉到某人正在做某事”，则用e/ hear/ feel sb doing sth.
如：I can hear someone singing at the door. 我能听见有人正在问口唱歌。
② 在被动语态中，这些不定式中被省略的to要还原。
如：He was made to do more work. 他被要求做更多的工作。
She was en to play basketball. 他被看见在打篮球。
2. 疑问词+不定式
不定式可以和疑问词what, how, when, where 等连用，共同作句子的宾语或表语等，但此时不定式一定要放在疑问词的后面。
如：Can you show me how to turn off the computer?
你能让我看看如何关电脑吗？ (how to do sth 作宾语)
Where to spend the weekend hasn’t been decided yet.
去哪里度过周末还没有被决定出来呢。(where to do sth 作主语)
3. 不定式和it
不定式可以作句子的主语和宾语，但有时候它们因太长而显得句子结构不够完美，故常用it 来代替它作形式主语或形式宾语。
常见的句型有以下两个：① It be + adj + for sb to do sth.对某人来说做某事怎么样。（it 作形式主语）② sb thinks/ find it + adj + to do sth.某人认为（发现）做某事怎么样。（it 作形式宾语）小学生体育游戏
如：It is very easy for me to answer that question. 对我来说，回答那个问题是很容易的。
Did you find it hard to solve the problem? 你觉得解决那个问题很难吗？
练一练：用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. Can you tell me how _________ to the cinema? （go）
2. It is very easy for him __________ that problem. （solve）
3. Listen! Can you hear someone __________ at our door? （knock）
4. He was made __________ his name on the blackboard. （write）
5. We often e him _________ books on the playground. （read）
6. I find it hard _________ a new language. （learn）
1. to go 2. to slove 3. knocking 4. to write 5. read 6. to learn
1. Don't forget _________ the letter.
A. to nd B. nd C. nding D. being nt
2. The chair looks very old, but in fact it is very comfortable to _________.
A. sit B. sit on C. be sat D. be sat on
3. Is ______ necessary to return the book tomorrow?
A. this B. that C. it D. which
4. I'm afraid they would not allow him ________ here.
A. to smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. smoke
5. Mother told me ________ the water before I drank it.
A. boiling B. boiled C. boil D. to boil
6. On my way home, I stopped _______ some food.
怀孕40天出血A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought
7. John was made _______ the car for a week as a punishment.
A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing
8. The sitting-room needs _______, but it'll have to wait until Saturday.
A. be cleaning B. to be cleaned C. clean D. being cleaned
9. The first thing I want to do is __________.
A. visit to him B. to visit him C. visiting him D. visited him
10. Li Yang advid me _________ too much, otherwi I would have been drunk.
A. not to drink B. to drink C. not drinking D. drinking
参考答案一般将来时的构成
1. A. forget to do sth . 忘记去做某事。forget doing sth . 忘记做过某事。
2. B. sit on the chair, 其中on不能少。
3. C. it为形式主语。
4. A. allow sb to do
5. D. tell sb, to do
6. B. stop to do 停下去做另一件事。stop doing 停止做某事。
7. A. make sb do 在被动语态中为be made to do .
8. B. need to be done与need doing皆为“需要被做”之意。
9. B. 不定式结构作表语。
10. A. 不定式的否定式：advi sb not to do
被动语态
一、语态概述
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。
所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式，如：“他的自行车被偷了。”，“这座楼房是由他们建造的。”再如：English is spoken by many people. 主语English是动词speak的承受者。
判断：看下面的两个例句，你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？
He opened the door.他开了门。 （____________）
The door was opened.门被开了。 （____________）四年级下册数学应用题
说明：好了，现在我们对被动语态的句子形式有了一个形象的认识，但英语句子是千变万化的，这时就需要你有“火眼金睛”了。下面我们来具体了解一下被动语态的构成。
二、被动语态的构成
被动特点强调宾（语），用be加上过去分（词）。行为对象作主语，逻辑主语by来引。
1. English is ___________（speak）in Canada.
大雪压青松青松挺且直2. The blou is ___________（make）of silk.
3. English is ___________（speak）by many people.
谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要。动作承受者需强调，用被动语态莫忘了。
地球的位置1. Some stamps were ___________（steal）last week.
2. The PRC was ___________（found）on October 1, 1949.
3. Football is ___________（play）in most middle schools.
被动语态须留意，P.P前面助动be. be + P.P
am（is,are）现在时，am（is,are）+P.P
was和were表过去。was（were）+P.P
