【⼀⼀⼀⼆知识】这事可得听⽼⼦的！
道⽣⼀，
⼀⽣⼆，
⼆⽣三，
三⽣万物。
——⽼⼦，《道德经》
Out of Tao, One is born;
Out of One, Two;
Out of Two, three;
Out of Three, the created univer.
Lao-Tzu, Tao and Teh
（林语堂译）规⽣于⼀，⼀分阴阳，阴阳和合⽽成有形之物，从⽽有世间万物；
“阅读理解”作为世物之陋器，⾃然脱不开其成形之踪：
•⼀定之规——有效问答，问什么，答什么
•⼆元分类——宏观微观，问主旨，问词句
•三步秒杀——读题（问甚）、定位（找甚）、代换（答甚）
•万般变化——变的只是话题⽪相，不变的是逻辑精髓
（以上为⽼付阅读冲刺班课堂笔记）
01
第⼆段
【1】
That's far different image from the cherry-tree-chopping George most people remember from their history books.
【2】【研究⽅向】
But recently, many historians have begun to focus onthe roles slavery played in the lives of the founding generation.【3】【研究⽅法】
They have been spurred in part by DNA evidencemade available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings.
【4】【研究过程】
And only over the past 30 years have scholars examined history from the bottom up.
备⽤信息
【5】【研究结论】
Works of veral historians 【原级】reveal
•[1] the moral compromis made by the nation's early leaders【早期领袖】 (等于[3])
•and
•[2] the fragile nature of the country's infancy【国家早期】. （等于[4]）
【6】【研究结论】
More significantly, they【⽐较】 arguethat[3]many of the Founding Fathers【早期国⽗】knew slavery was wrong【不对】and yet most did little to fight【未反抗】it.
第三段
英语骂人【7】【研究结论】帝王句
More than anything, the historians【最⾼】 say,[4]the founders【早期建guo者】were hampered by【受阻，贬】the culture 【社会环境】of their time.
必⽤信息
【8】【事实范例】
•While Washington and Jefferson privately expresd distaste【负向评价】 for slavery,
•they also understood that it was part of the political and economic bedrock【正向平价】 of the coun
try they helped to create.
to create.
38. What do we learn about Thomas Jefferson?
[A] His political view changedhis attitude towards slavery.
•⽆中⽣有：虽然第六段提及杰斐逊释放奴⾪，但并未提及“源于政治观点”
•偷梁换柱：change = 先A再B
[B] His status as a father made him free the child slaves.
•⽆中⽣有：虽然第六段提及杰斐逊释放奴⾪，但并未提及“原因在于⾝为其⽗”
[C] Hisattitude towards slaverywas complex.
主旨综合
1. early leaders ＝ Founding Fathers ＝ the founders ＝ W&J = his
2. slavery = slavery = it起名大全
3. attitude ... was complext【既A⼜B】
= wrong【不对】 + did little to fight【不反对】
= distaste【厌恶】+ bedrock【基⽯，重要】
[D] His affair with a slave stained his prestige.
•⽆中⽣有：虽然第⼆段提及杰斐逊与⿊奴有染并产⼦，但并未提及“名誉受损”
——2008 Text4 02
bedrock |ˈbedrɒk| n. 基⽯；基础
affair|əˈfeə(r)| n.风流韵事；绯闻
stain |steɪn| v. 玷污
prestige|preˈsti:ʒ| n.声誉；威信；威望
句⼦详解
[1] While Washington and Jefferson privately expresd distaste for slavery, [2] they also understood [3] that it was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country [4] they helped to create.
[1] 让步状语从句：
饥饿的饥组词•引：While
•主：Washington and Jefferson
•谓：privately expresd
•宾：distaste for slavery
译⽂：虽然华盛顿和杰斐逊私下⾥都表⽰厌恶奴⾪制
[2] 主句；
•主：they
•谓：also understood
•
译⽂：（但）他们也知道
[3] understood的宾语从句
•引：that
•主：it
•系：was
•表：part of the political and economic bedrock of the country
形容七月
译⽂：奴⾪制是国家的政治和经济基⽯
[4] the country的定语从句
•宾（略）：that，指the country
•主：they
女生二字网名
•谓：helped to create；
字⾯含义为“他们帮助建⽴的”
译⽂：他们倾⼒建⽴的
郑人买履文言文
本句译⽂：虽然华盛顿和杰斐逊私下⾥都表⽰厌恶奴⾪制，（但）他们也知道奴⾪制是他们倾⼒建⽴的国家的政治和经济基⽯。
今⽇来个仿写
While most citizens express distaste forthe congestion of city, they also understand thatthe inconvenience is a price that they must pay for their dreams.
虽然⼤多数⼈对城市的拥挤表⽰不满，但是他们也知道忍受这种不便是实现梦想途中必须付出的代价。
——2008 Text4 03
无锡招商城
第四段
For one thing, the South could not afford to part with its slaves. Owning slaves was “like having a large bank account,”says Wiencek, author of An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves, and the Creation of America. The southern states would not have signed the Constitution without protections for the “peculiar institution,” including a clau that counted a slave as three fifths of a man for purpos of congressional reprentation.
第五段
And the statesmen’s political lives depended on slavery. The three-fifths formula handed Jefferson his narrow victory in the presidential election of 1800 by inflating the votes of the southern states in the Electoral College. Once in office, Jefferson extended slavery with the Louisiana Purcha in 1803; the new land was carved into 13 states, including three slave states.
three slave states.
39. Which of the following is true according to the text?
[A] Some Founding Fathers benefit politically from slavery.
[B] Slaves in the old days did not have the right to vote.
军训
[C] Slave owners usually had large savings accounts.
[D] Slavery was regarded as a peculiar institution.——2008 Text4
