160. explode v. 爆炸；爆发；激增
（例）The firework exploded in his hand. 那个爆竹在他手里响了。
（例）He exploded with rage, fury, jealousy, etc. 他勃然大怒、暴跳如雷、妒火中烧等.
161. exploit v. 剥削；利用，开采
（例）
162. explore v. 勘探
（例）Can you explore the market possibility for us? 您能为我们考察一下市场前景吗？
163. explosion n. 爆炸；爆发；激增
（例）The explosion of oil prices caud an economical crisis. 石油价格的急剧上涨引起了经济危机。
164. explosive a. 爆炸的；极易引起争论的
（例）Politics can be an explosive subject. 政治问题容易引起争论。
165. remote a. 遥远的，偏僻的
（例）Mail comes to this remote village only once a week. 邮车每周只到这个偏僻的村庄一次。
166. removal n. 除去，消除
（例）Our ultimate objective is the removal of all nuclear weapons. 我们的最终目标是消除所有核武器。
167. render vt. 使得，致使
167. render 解释比较长，可要仔细体会啊！
1. render sth(for sth) ；render sth (to sb) give sth in return, or exchange, or as sth which is due 给予某物作为报偿或用以交换；回报；归还
render homage, obedience, allegiance, etc.表示敬意、顺从、效忠等：
a reward for rvices rendered 服务的酬金
render good for evil 以德报怨
render insult for insult 以侮辱对侮辱
render sb a rvice/render a rvice to sb 为某人服务
render help to disaster victims 向灾民提供援助
render thanks to God 感谢上帝
2. prent or nd in (an account)for payment 递交或开出（帐单）：
account rendered $50 开出50美元的帐单
3. cau (sb/sth) to be in a certain condition 使（某人[某事物]）处于某种状况：
rendered helpless by an accident 因出事故而束手无策
Your action had rendered our contract invalid.你们的这种做法导致双方的合同失败。
4. [esp passive 尤用于被动语态] give a performance of (music, a play, a character. etc);give a portrayal of (sb/sth)in painting, etc.演奏（音乐）；演出（戏剧）；扮演（角色）；以绘画等表现（某人[某物]）：
The piano solo was well rendered. 那支钢琴独奏曲弹得真好。
'Othello' was rendered rather poorly. 《奥赛罗》这出戏演得不好。
The artist had rendered her gentle smile perfectly. 该艺术家把她那温柔的笑容表现得惟妙惟肖。
5. render sth (into sth): express sth in another language; translate sth. 翻译某事物：
How would you render 'bon voyage' (into English)? 'bon voyage'怎么翻译（成英语）？
Rendering poetry into other language is difficult. 翻译诗歌是很困难的。
6. cover (stone or brick) with a first layer of plaster 在（石或砖）上抹灰泥打底：
render walls 在墙上抹底灰
7. （习语）render an account of onelf, one's behaviour, etc: explain or justify what one has said, done, etc. 为自己的言行等作解释或辩护.
8. render sth down： make (eg fat, lard) liquid by heating it; melt sth down 将（脂肪、猪油等）熬成油；熔化某物。render sth up：hand over or surrender sth; yield sth. 移交或交出某物；放弃某事物：
render up a fort, town, etc to the enemy 放弃要塞、城市等被敌人占领
(fig比喻) He rendered up his soul to God, he died. 他魂归天国了
168. precaution n. 预防，防备，警惕
（例）You should take an umbrella just as a precaution. 你该带把伞，有备无患。
169. idle a. 懒散的，无所事事的
（例）The cowboy lives an idle life.牛仔过着悠闲的生活。
（例）Don't idle away your time. 不要虚度光阴。
170. identify vt. 认出，鉴定
（例）She identified that the man was her attacker. 她认出那个男人就是袭击过她的人。
171. identity n. 身份；个性，特性
（例）The police asked him to show his identity card. 警察让他出示身份证。
172. poverty n. 贫穷
（例）The man lived in poverty after his unemployment.这人失业后就生活在贫困之中。
173. resistant a. (to)抵抗的，抗...的，耐...的
（例）
174. resolve vt. 解决；决定，决意
（例He resolved that nothing should hold him back. 他下决心不让任何事情阻挡他。）
175. barrel n. 桶
176. bargain n. ①(买卖、劳资等双方的)协定，协议 ②便宜货
vi. 讲价，讨价还价；讲条件
【搭配】strike (或conclude) a bargain with sb. over sth. 与某人就某事达成协议定（或就某事成交）；a good (bad) bargain 一笔上算（不上算）的交易；drive a hard bargain 杀价；迫使对方接受苛刻条件
【例】 She showed me how to shop ~s. 她让我看看该怎样觅购特价商品。
That book is a real ~ at 2$. 那本书定价2元真是够便宜的。
She stood ~ing with the farmer for his vegetables. 她要买那农民的蔬菜，正站着和他讲价钱。
177. coar a. ①粗的，粗糙的 ②质量差的，粗劣的 ③粗俗的，粗鲁的
【搭配】coar sand 粗沙; coar skin 粗糙的皮肤; coar food 粗食 ; coar language 粗话; coar manners 粗鲁的举止
【例】He was a ~ man who manner made him unpopular with some people.
The sand was so coar that it was quite painful to walk on.
178. coach n. ①教练 ②长途公共汽车 ③【铁】旅客车厢
【例】we are going to the airport by coach.
After six hours of school class Ben has to do another hour with his tennis coach.
179. code n. ①准则，法规 ②密码
【搭配】break /decipher / crack a code 破译密码；the Civil Code of France 法国的民法; the social code of manners 社交礼貌规范；genetic code 遗传密码
【例】The message was written in code.
She managed to decipher the code of the telegram.
180. coil n.（一）卷，（一）圈；【电】线圈 v. 卷，盘绕
【例】A coil of thick blue smoke ro up from his pipe.
She coiled her hair at the back of her head.
181. adult n. 成年人；adj.①成年的 ②成熟的，老练的
【搭配】young adults 青壮年; assume adult responsibility 承担成人的职责; act like an adult 按成人的样子行事 ; in sb.’s adult life 在某人的成年生活阶段
【例】I will try to be adult about the situation.
Betsy is a rather adult child.
Are you adult enough to know that there are two side to every issue.
182. adverti v. ①（在报刊，电视等）公告，宣传 ②为…做广告，宣传 ③通告，告知
【例】We decided to adverti our car in the local newspaper.
They advertid their goods for sale extensively and heavily.
Plea adverti him of my intention to compromi.
183. advertiment n. 广告，公告，启事
【搭配】place (或put) an advertiment on the television 在电视上播放一则广告
answer and advertiment in a newspaper 应报纸广告之聘
【例】Today’s newspaper carries (或runs, has) an advertiment for a computer program.
The trial was meant as an advertiment for British justice.
184. agency n. ①代理行，经销处；②专业行政部门；③公众服务机构
【搭配】an advertising agency 广告代理公司; an employment agency 职业介绍所; government agency 各政府部门; Economic Planning Agency （日）经济企划厅; a news agency 通讯社; a travel agency 旅行社；the Central Intelligence Agency （美国）中情局
【例】This firm has agencies all over the world.
He ud to be a general manager of an advertising agency.
【扩展】 agent n. 代理人，代理商
185. focus n. ①(注意，活动，兴趣等)集中点，重点 ②【物】焦点 v. 聚焦，集中(on)
【搭配】focus one’s attention on a question 把注意力集中在某一问题上; focus one’s anger on sb.把怒火集中在某人身上 ; bring …into focus 调准焦距; in focus 焦距对准的，
清晰的; out of focus 焦距没对准的，模糊的
【例】I think Dave likes to be the focus of the attention.
Lately the main focus of monetary policy has shifted to interest rates.
186. forbid v. ①不许，禁止 ②阻止，制止
【搭配】forbid sb. to smoke 不许某人抽烟；forbid sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事；forbid the u of offensive language 禁止使用淫亵语言
【例】The law forbids the sale of cigarettes to people under the age of 16.
She forbade children to watch television becau she thought it was a corrupting influence.
187. debate vt. 辩论，争论，讨论 n. 辩论，争论，讨论
【搭配】debate a question with sb. 同某人辩论问题 ; a Parliamentary debate 议会辩论; the question under debate was …争论的问题是…
【例】We were debating whether to go by bus or by train.
They had been debating for veral hours without reaching a conclusion.
【扩展】debater n. 辩论家；好辩论者
188. debt n. ①欠债，债务；②义务，恩义
【搭配】pay one’s debt 还债； pay off one’s debt 还清债务; pay a soldier’s debt 履行的义务; run(或get) into debt 欠债; stay out of debt 不欠债; in sb.’s debt 受某人恩惠，欠某人的人情债; be in debt to sb. 欠某人的债
【例】You are doing it in the interest of national unity and the whole country will be in your debt.
He was six thousand dollars in debt.
189. decade n. 十年
（例）The custom has prevailed for decades. 这风俗已盛行数十年了。
190. enclo vt. ①（从四面八方）围住，圈住 ②把…装入信封；附入
【搭配】the enclod 函内附件；Enclod, plea find ……兹附上
【例】In that village, most of families enclod their yards with fence.
A check is enclod herewith. 随信附上支票一张。
【扩展】enclosure n. 附件
191. encounter vt. ①意外地遇到；②遭遇 n. ①意外地遇到；②遭遇
【搭配】encounter difficulties (danger, trouble, opposition) 遭到困难（危险，麻烦，反对）
【例】One rainy night the policeman had the chance encounter with a gang of smugglers.
在一个雨夜，那位警察正巧了一伙走私犯。
He once had a very frightening encounter with a wild pig.
192. globe n. 地球，世界；地球仪
【搭配】the globe 地球，世界; come from every corner of the globe 来自世界各地; every habitable part of the globe 地球上每一个有人居住的地方
大班音乐【例】My father wanted an antique globe for his birthday.
She spun the globe, and pointed to the English Channel.
193. global adj. 全球的，全世界的
日不落歌词【搭配】global strategy 全球战略; global economy 全球经济
【例】The oil-well fires are a regional but not a global catastrophe.
The minister blamed the ri in unemployment on the global economic recession.
【扩展】 globalization 全球化; globalism 全球主义
194. scan vt./n. ①细看，反复查看；审视；②（电视，雷达光束等）扫描；③浏览
【例】He scans the headlines of newspapers every morning.
The patient scanned the doctor’s face for a sign of hope.
The area was scanned for signs of enemy aircraft. 该空域由雷达扫描以便发现敌机踪迹。
【扩展】skim v.略读
195. scandal n. 丑行，丑事，丑闻
【搭配】a financial / political / x scandal 金融（或政治，性）丑闻；
uncover / expo scandal 爆光丑闻；spread scandal about sb. 传播有关某人的丑闻；
cover up / hush up the scandal 掩盖丑闻事件
【例】The minister was forced to resign after a scandal involving him and another minister’s wife.
It is a scandal that in such a rich country there are so many beggars on the streets.
【扩展】scandalous adj. 丑恶可耻的，丢脸的，使人反感的
196. significance n. ①重要性，重大 ②涂唇膏意义，含义
【搭配】be of great significance 意义重大的 ; give a new significance to 赋予…以新的含义；attach great significance to 对…高度重视
【例】It is a mistake to attach too much significance to the fluctuations. 过分重视这些涨落变动是错误的。
Nuclear developments have given a new significance to minerals which were but poorly regarded. 原子能的发给予过去不大受重视的矿物以新的含义。
【扩展】significant adj. ①有含义的，意味深长的
e.g: a significant wink 意味深长的一眨眼
a historically significant meeting 一交具有历史意义的会议
②表示…的（of ）e.g: Smiles are significant of pleasure. 微笑是表示愉快的 His actions were more significant of his real purpo than were his words. 他的行动比他的言词更能说明他的真实目的。
③重要的，重大意义的 e.g : a significant piece of legislation 一项重要立法A little man may be a very significant. 小人物有时可以起非常重要的作用。
④ 相当数量的；不可忽略的，值得注意的
感动作文
e.g: a significant increa in crime 不可忽略的犯罪活动的增加
197. subquent adj. 随后的，后来的；接下去的，连续的【同】subquential
【例】The story will be continued in subquent issues of the magazine.小说将继续在以后的几期杂志上连载。
This incident was not without importance in the subquent development of events. 这一事件对以后的事态发展不无影响。
【扩展】subquence n. 随后；随后发生的事
198. virtue n. ①正直的品行，品德，美德 ②优点，长处
【搭配】by (或in ) virtue of 借助，凭借；因为，由于 ; make a virtue of necessity 不得已而为之; a man of high virtue 品德高尚的人
【例】The school had its drawbacks and it had its virtues.
Among her many virtues are loyalty, courage, and truthfulness. 她有许多美德，如忠诚、勇敢、率真。
Virtue is its own reward. 《谚》有德就有报
【扩展】virtueless adj. 缺乏道德的；没有长处的
199. virtual adj. 实际上起作用的；事实上生效的；实质上的
【搭配】a virtual promi （非明确表示的）事实上的允诺; a virtual impossibility 实质上不可能的事
【例】He was the virtual manager of the business. 他是这家公司的实际当家人。
The officials hear this kind of talk in virtual silence. 官方人员几乎一言不发地听着这种言论。
The once elegant temple lay in virtual ruins. 一座当初精致的庙宇几乎成了一堆废墟。
200. orient vt. ①使适应，使熟悉情况 ②使朝向；以…为方向；以…为目的，重视(to, towards)
n. 〔the Orient〕东方，亚洲；（总称）东方国家
【例】In the markets, I breathed the smells of the Orient. 在这些市场上，我闻到了东方国家的气味。
The majority of commodities should be oriented to people’s needs. 大多数商品都应该适应人民的需要。
Education was oriented to theory and distant facts. 当时的教育是以理论和久远的资料为
方向。
【扩展】oriental adj. 东方的；东方文化或国家的 e.g: the orient way of life 东方生活方式
201. portion n. 一部分
(例) She only eats a small portion of food.她只吃分得的一小部分食物。
202. target n. 目标，靶子 vt. 瞄准
(例)The hunter's target was a wild animal. 这个猎人的目标是一只野兽;
(例)The enemy’s missiles are targeted on our city.敌人的导弹对准我们这个城市。
203. portable a. 手提式的
(例)a portable book-computer便携式笔记本电脑
204. decline v. 拒绝，谢绝 ，下降
(例)Decline with thanks.婉言谢绝；
(例)Market expect to decline.市场行情下跌。
205. illusion n. 错觉，幻想
(例)I have no illusion about the future.我对未来不存幻想。
206. likelihood n. 可能，可能性
(例)There's no likelihood of that happening.那事不可能发生。
207. stripe n. 条纹 (例)A tiger has stripes.老虎（身上）有条纹。208. emphasize vt. 强调，着重
(例)He emphasized the need for hard work.他强调了苦干的必要。209. emotion n. 情感，感情
(例)His voice shook with emotion.他的声音因激动而颤抖。
210. emotional a. 感情的，情绪（上）的
(例) Cry is a strong emotional reaction.哭是一种强烈的情绪反应。
211. awful a. 极坏的，威严的，可怕的
(例)That's an awful book.那是一本很糟糕的书。
212. awkward a. 笨拙的，棘手的
(例)He's very awkward, he keeps dropping things.他很笨，总是丢东西。
213. clue n. 线索，提示
(例)The police found a clue which will help them catch the robber.警察发现了能帮助他们抓住强盗的线索。
214. collision n. 碰撞，冲突
(例)a collision between two trains一次两列火车相撞事件 in collision with和... 相撞［冲突］
215. device n. 装置，设备
(例)The newly-designed devices will appear on the exhibition next month.这些新设计的器件将在下月的展览会上展出。
216. devi vt. 发明，策划，想出
(例)The Inquisition of the Medieval Ages devid many demoniac means of torture.中世纪的宗教法庭创造了许多骇人听闻的酷刑。
被蜜蜂蛰了怎么处理217. inevitable a. 不可避免的
(例)Such a difficult operation may not succeed, it's an inevitable gamble.这样难度很大的手术可能不成功,但这是一次非做不可的冒险。
218. naval a. 海军的
(例)The naval port is silent and beautiful at night.军港之夜寂静而美丽。
219. navigation n. 航行
(例)Navigation Acts航海条例
220. necessity n. 必需品；必要性
(例)Food and clothing are necessities of life.食物和衣服都是生活的必需品。
221. previous a. 先，前，以前的 (例)He has had no previous experience of this kind of job.他从前没有做这种工作的经验。
222. provision n. [pl.]给养，口粮
(例)Provisions are plentiful.粮食充足；设备，装置；准备 (例)They make provision against possible disasters.他们采取措施防备可能发生的灾难。
223. pursue vt. 追逐 ，追求，从事，进行
(例)The police are pursuing an escaped prisoner.警方正在追捕一个在逃的犯人；
(例)People can not live only to pursue pleasure.人不能只为寻乐而活着；
(例)She pursued the study of English for five years.她持续不断地学了五年英语。
224. stale a. 不新鲜的，陈腐的
(例)stale bread不新鲜的面包，stale news陈旧的新闻
225. substitute n. 代用品 vt. 代替
(例)U plastics as a substitute for steel.用塑料做钢的代用品；
(例)If you cannot go yourlf, plea find someone to substitute you.如果你不能亲自去就找个人代你去。
（搭配）substitute for代替...，替换...， 取代...；substitute sth. [sb.] for用某物[某人]来代替
226. derve vt. 应受，应得，值得
（例）The article derves careful study. 这篇文章值得仔细研究.吉光片羽的意思
227. discrimination n. 辨别，区别；识别力;差别，歧视
（例）We are strongly oppod to racial discrimination. 我们强烈反对种族歧视。
（搭配）x discrimination 性别歧视，racial discrimination 种族歧视
228. professional a. 职业的;专业的n. 专业人员
（例）That doctor has been accud of professional misconduct. 那位医生被指控违反医德。
（例）This survey is the work of a real professional. 这份调查是真正内行人做的.
（搭配）professional education 职业教育 a professional baball player 职业棒球选手 pr
ofessional skill 专业的技术
229. cure a.安全的，可靠的 v. 使安全；保护……（免于危险）,保证，确实，确保
（例）The little boy felt cure near his parents. 那小男孩在父母身边感到安心。
230 curity n.安全;保证金,抵押品,债券,证券（常用复数形式）
（例）What I need now is the curity of a happy home. 我现在需要的是一个幸福家庭所给予的安全感。
（例）He us his hou as curity to borrow the money. 他用房子作借钱的抵押。
231. scratch n.乱写, 刮擦声;抓痕, 擦伤vt.乱涂, 勾抹掉,擦, 刮, 搔, 抓, 挖出 vi. 发刮擦声, 搔, 抓
（例）The child made a scratch on the door with his toy. 那小孩用玩具在门上刮了一条痕。
232. talent n. 才能,人才,天资
（例）Have you got a talent for painting? 你有绘画的才能吗?
（搭配）artistic talent 文艺才能 monumental talent非凡的才能
（扩展）scratchy adj. 潦草的, 凌乱的, 刺痛的,
233. insurance n. 保险
（例）Did you claim on the insurance after your car accident? 出了车祸后，你向保险公司要求赔偿了吗？
（搭配）life insurance人寿保险 endowment insurance养老保险 Insurance agent 保险代理人 insurance claim 保险索赔
（扩展）insure vt.给...保险v.确保 insurer n.保险业者, 保险公司insured n.被保险者, 保户adj.加入保险的
234. insure v. 保险,确保,投保...险
（例）His talent and dedication will insure his success. 他的才气和执着将确保他成功。
235. nevertheless ad. 仍然,不过conj. 然而,不过
（例）The news may be unexpected; nevertheless, it's true. 这消息也许是出乎预料，但它是真的。
236. neutral a. 中立的,中性的n. 中立者
（例）That country remained neutral in the war. 那个国家在那场战争中保持中立。
237. spot n. 污点,地点,斑点a. 当场的,现实买卖的v. 污点,认出,用灯光照射
【搭配】a red spot 红点 on the spot 当场 spot one’s fame 玷污了名誉 spot somebody 发现，找出某人
【例】He spotted his reputation by lying repeatedly. 他因反复说谎而败坏了自己的名声。
She spotted her friend in the crowd. 她在人群中认出了她的朋友。
Luckily there was a doctor on the spot. 幸运的是现场有一位医生。
【扩展】spottable adj.(织物等)容易沾上污渍的 spotted adj.有斑点的, 弄污的, 斑纹的
葛根汁238. spray n. 水沫,喷雾器v. 喷雾,扫射,喷射
【搭配】a fine spray of perfume 一股香水的细雾 an inct spray 喷液杀虫剂
【例】We parked the car by the a and it got covered with spray. 我们把汽车停在海边，结果车上全是水沫。
He sprayed paint on the wall. 他把漆喷在墙上。
Water sprayed out over the floor. 水喷洒在地上.
239. medium n. 媒体,方法,媒介a. 适中的,中等的
【搭配】advertising medium 广告媒体 the happy medium 中庸，中道 a man of medium height 中等身高的人 medium size 中号
出入的意思
【例】Sound travels through the medium of air. 声音通过空气这一媒介传播
Commercial television is an effective medium for advertising. 商业电视是有效的广告宣传工具.
My gloves are size medium. 我的手套尺寸是中号。
【扩展】media (medium的复数形式)
