Section B节目类型
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by veral questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choo the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(C)
当代职业教育
Crude awakening
A battle between two energy exchanges
述行赋>计算机专业介绍[1] OPEN-OUTCRY trading is suppod to be an odd, outdated practice, rapidly being replaced by sleeker, cheaper electronic systems. Try telling that to the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX), the world’s largest commodities exchange. On November 1st the NYMEX opened an open-outcry pit(公开叫价交易厅）in Dublin to handle Brent crude futures（布伦特原油期货）, the benchmark（基准）contract for pricing two-thirds of the world’s oil.
[2] The NYMEX is trying to grab liquidity from London’s International Petroleum Exchange (IPE), which trades the most Brent contracts; the New York exchange has so far concentrated on West Texas Intermediate, an American bench mark grade. The new pit is a respon to the IPE’s efforts to moderni. On the same day as NYMEX traders started shouting Brent prices in Dublin, the IPE did away with its morning open-outcry ssion: now such trades must be electronic, or done in the pit after lunch.
[3] The New York exchange claims that customers, such as hedge funds (对冲基金) or energy companies, prefer open-outcry becau it allows for more liquidity. Although most other exchanges are heading in the opposite direction, in commodity markets such as the NYMEX, pressure from “locals”--lf-employed traders--is helping to support open-outcry, although some think that customers pay up to five times as much as with electronic systems. Even the IPE has no plans to clo its floor. Only last month it signed a rental agreement, lasting until 2017, for its trading floor in London.
[4] Dublin’s new pit is “showing promi”, says Rob Laughlin, a trader with Man Financial, despite a few technical glitches. On its first day it handled 5,726 lots of Brent (each lot, or contract, is 1,000 barrels), over a third of the volume in the IPE’s new morning electronic ssion. By the year’s end, pr
诗句个性签名edicts Mr Laughlin, it should be clear whether the venture will be feasible. It
would stand a better chance if it moved to London. It may yet: it started in Ireland becau regulatory approval could be obtained faster there than in Britain.
[5] In the long run having both exchanges offering similar contracts will be unsustainable (不可持续的). Stealing liquidity from an established market leader, as the NYMEX is trying to do, is a hard task. Eurex, Europe’s largest futures exchange, t up shop in Chicago this year, intending to grab American Treasury-bond contracts from the Chicago Board of Trade. It has made little progress. And the NYMEX has tried to get Brent contracts before, without success.
[6] Given the importance of liquidity in exchanges, why do the IPE and the NYMEX not work together? There have been talks about cooperation before, and something might yet happen. Some say that the freewheeling NYMEX and the more rious IPE could never mix. For now, in any ca, the two exchanges will compete until one has won --across the Irish Sea as well as across the Atlantic.
63. According to the text, the NYMEX and IPE are __________.
A. both using open outcry trading as a major trading form
B. partners that benefit each other in their business activities
C. rivals that are competing in the oil trading market
D. both taking efforts to modernize their trading practice
64. The word “glitches” in Line 2, Paragraph 4 most probably means __________.
A. backwardness
B. disappointments
C. engineers
D. problems
65. From Paragraph 4 we can infer that __________.
A. trading volume in the IPE’s new morning electronic ssion is falling
B. London is a better business location for energy exchanges than Dublin
C. Britain’s regulators are less efficient than tho of Ireland
D. the Dublin pit of the NYMEX will be more prosperous next year
66. We can draw a conclusion from the text that __________.
A. it’s very unlikely that the NYMEX and the IPE could combine their business
B. the NYMEX will fail in Ireland as many precedents have shown
重庆简介概况C. the two energy exchanges will figure out a way to cooperate with each other
D. the market environment for both energy exchanges is getting better
Keys:63-66: C D B A
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by veral questions or unf
inished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choo the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
( C )
①Australians have long been known for having a relaxed and casual attitude to life. According to Dr Tanya King, nior lecturer from Victoria’s Deakin University, “It’s Australians’ egalitarianism, n of humor and informal language that are most commonly mentioned as examples of this attitude”.
②Egalitarianism roots in the way that the nation was built. In Australia’s founding era in the late 1700s, criminal ttlers were often cruelly treated and robbed of their basic human rights by governors. The criminal class, who were mostly working-class Brits and Irish, was unable to ek civic positions that were rerved for immigrants who were not the criminal, with the latter arguing that if criminals gained equal rights it would be ‘rewarding criminality’. Bec au of this, an egalitarian spirit was worn as a symbol of honor by many criminal ttlers. They may not have had power, education or wealth, but they had a shared belief in equality.
③The informal way Australians u language is also believed to root in criminal times. Philologist Sidney Baker once wrote that ‘no other class would have a better talent for creating new terms to fit i
n with their new conditions in life’. Cockney rhyming slang brought over by the British working class was abbreviated even further –so ‘have a Captains Cook’ (have a look), became ‘ava captains’. This same practice was ud to economize ordinary claus. Words like ‘good day’ became ‘g’day’, and barbecue was ‘barbie’.
④The tough conditions of ttler times also played a part in Australians’ dry, lf-criticizing and sarcastic（讽刺的）n of humor. While in many countries it’s considered poor taste to find humor in difficult circumstances, Australians tend to look at the lighter side. On one road trip, as I hit the state line and entered Victoria, I drove past some blackened trees, the leftovers of a recent bushfire. A road sign warning drivers about wildlife was half-melted and bent, but the shape of a hopping kangaroo was still distinct. Behind the figure, someone had drawn flames making it look as
though the animal’s tail was on fire. I couldn’t help but laugh – it was a brilliant reminder of the country’s ‘nothing upts us’ and anti-authoritarian attitude.
⑤And one thing you can’t help but notice when driving around Australia is the country’s plentiful amounts of space. This, along with considerable leisure time plus favorable climate, all contribute to Australians’ relaxed attitude.
63. The underlined word “egalitarianism” is clost to __________ in meaning.
A. criminality
B. cruelty
C. equality
64. Which of the following is a feature of the way Australians u language?
A. They u more slangs than other people.
B. They give new meanings to existent words.
C. They favour shortened forms of expressions.
D. They coin terms in memory of criminal times.
65. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?店面销售
A. Kangaroos’ living condition s are getting tougher.
B. Forest fires threaten Australian s’ life to a great extent.
C. Potential danger is here and there on the roads in Victoria.
D. Australians’ jokes may not be as careless as they em on the surface.
66. The passage mainly talks about __________.
A. how the late 1700s impacted Australia策扶老以流憩
B. why Australians enjoy casual life so much
C. what cont ributes to Australians’ relaxed lifestyle
D. how Australians prent their attitude towards life
Keys: 63-66 CCAB
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by veral questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choo the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(C)
Dental health: Brush with confidence
Children should be taught to brush their teeth regularly. But the suspicion remains among some people, dentists included, that even so, certain children are doomed to develop dental cavities. The hypothesis behind this fear is that some combinations of genes may give ri to the sorts of oral bacteria which are responsible for cavities. If true, that would be sad for the youngsters concerned. But a study just published in Cell Host and Microbe, by Andres Gomez and Karen Nelson of the J. Craig Venter Institute, in San Diego, suggests it isn’t true.
The mouth is home to many species of microbes. Most are good. Some, though, are well known to crete acidic waste products when fed sugar. This acidity weakens teeth, causing them to decay.To
try to fin d out whether a child’s genes play any role in encouraging such acid-creting bugs, Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson t up an experiment with twins.
Their“volunteers”were 280 pairs of fraternal twins and 205 pairs o f identical twins, all aged between five and 11, who had not taken antibiotics during the previous six months. The children were asked to stop brushing their teeth the evening and the morning before the crucial moment of data collection. This was when the rearchers swabbed the children’s gingival sulci（the clefts between teeth and gums, in which bacteria collect）to find out what was there. The children also had their teeth scored by dentists as belonging to one of three categories: having no signs of current or previous dental cavities: having signs of current or previous cavities affecting the enamel（a tooth’s hard, outer layer）; or having signs of cavities that penetrated the enamel and affected the underlying dentine as well.
Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson found that, though identical twins shared many groups of bacteria which were not shared by fraternal twins, none of the was a type responsible for cavities. Moreover, similarities in bacterial flora were greatest among five-to ven-year-olds, weaker among ven- to nine-year-olds and weakest among nine-to 11-year-olds. This suggests that any role genes do play in regulating the mouth’s ecology fades with time.
Far from supporting the idea that some children are fated to suffer from cavities no matter how well they brush their teeth, the results make it clear that the power to control the growth of the relevant bacteria is very much within reach of children and their parents. Brushing, however, may not be the only approach. Avoiding sugary foods is obviously de rigueur. It ems likely, though, that which other foods a
