英语动词的理解与运用
英语动词的理解与运用
英语中动词是一个变化多端的词性，时时在变，处处在变。所以在学习英语的过程中，要时时想着动词的变化。动词分为系动词 、助动词、实义动词和情态动词。这里主要讲系动词、助动词、和实义动词、情态动词。
第一节 系动词 火碱
系动词（即连系动词）用于连接主语和表语，说明主语的状态，性质，特征或身份。
常见的系动词是be ,它的三种变化形式为：am , is , are . 除了 be 动词之外还有一些，他们大致可分为四类：
1) 表示“ 似乎“ 如： appear , em
2) 表示“感觉” 如： look , sound , feel , taste , smell
3) 表示 “变化 ”如： become , come , get , grow , turn , fall, go
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4) 表示其他含义 如： keep ,remain , stay , stand , prove
王子与乞丐
例句如下：
1. The old man ems deaf . 那个老头似乎聋了。
2.He appears quite well . 她显得很健康。
3. She didn't feel safe enough . 她不感觉足够的安全。
4. The mixture tasted terrible . 这个混合物闻起来很难闻。
5. Now my dream has come true . 现在我的梦想已经变成了现实。
6. James grew bigger every year . 詹姆斯一年年地长大。
7.You must keep healthy . 你必须保持身体健康。
8. Country music today remains much the same as before . 今天的乡村音乐还是与从前一个样。
应用系动词是应当注意以下几个问题：
（一）除去be以外的系动词在用法上与be有点不同，有be 动词的句子变为疑问句或否定句时，直接前提或加not 。例如：
He is in the classroom . 他在教室。
Is he in the classroom ? 他在教室吗？
He is not in the classroom. 他不在教室。
而其他系动词变疑问句或否定句时与实义动词相同。例如：
The language spoken in the places stayed the same .那些地方讲的语言都是一样。
Did the language spoken in the places stay the same ?那些地方讲的语言都是一样吗？
The language spoken in the places didn't stay the same .那些地方讲的语言不 都一样。
又如：
She proved a very strict teacher . 他证明是一位非常严格的教师。
Did she prove a very strict teacher? 他证明是一位非常严格的教师吗？
She didn't prove a very strict teacher . 他不证明是一位非常严格的教师。
（二 ）一般来讲，系动词之后用形容词作表语能表示主语的性质、特征，这时回答“怎么样”的问题。如： The book is interesting . ( interesting 是形容词，表示主语book 的性质，对表语进行提问可以说：How is the book ? (这本书怎么样？）。
名词作表语表示主语的身份，回答“什么”问题。如： He is a teacher . ( teacher 是名词 ，它表示主语的身份，对表语进行提问可以说：What is he ?)
当然，副词、数词、代词、介词短语、分词、动名词都可以作表语，分别表示不同的含
义。如： The professor is at home . 教授在家。 at home 为介词短语
The computer is mine . 这台计算机是我的。mine 为代词
Five and six is eleven . 五加六等于十一。eleven为数词
He is out . 他出去了。 out 为副词
My job is looking after the children . 我的工作是照看小孩。 高温蠕变为动名词短语
The film is moving . 电影很动人。 moving 为分词
练习题
I.指出下列句子中的系动词
1.Our class are all out on the playground .
2. What are the women doing over there ?
3.What we need are good textbooks .
4.The door was opened by the boy.
超星泛雅官网5. The window is open .
6. I turned to the left and saw a strange man .
直线的倾斜角与斜率
7.There are five trees over there.
8.I felt the desk and the desk felt cool.
9.Plea look at the picture.
10.It looks very nice.
11.It sounds a good idea.Plea sound the bell and ask him to come in.
12.The plant which I grew in my garden is growing higher and higher.
答案：1.are 3. are 5.is 8.第二个 felt是系动词 10. looks 11. sounds 12 is growing
II.填入适当的词使句意完整
1. It ____ he who found the lost pur .
2. ____ the students looking over the animals now?
3. The news ______ exciting .
4. _____ the answer sound reasonable ?
5. ____ a new factory t up last year ?
6. ____ he careful about his studies ?
答案：1.was 2.Are 3.is 4.Does 5.Was 6.Is
第二节 助动词
助动词是用来帮助构成疑问句、否定句、倒装句、强调句以及各种时态、语态、语气等的词，助动词没有词义。常见的助动词有：刘家拳be , have, do , shall , will 它们随着人称和数的变化而变化。例如：
They are dancing and singing . ( are 帮助构成现在进行时)
English is spoken by many people . ( is 帮助构成被动语态)
We have studied English for five years. ( have 帮助构成现在完成时)
She did not go to town yesterday . (did帮助构成否定句)
Only then did I realize that I was wrong . ( did 帮助构成倒装句型)
Do give her my regards . ( do 帮助构成强调句，强调 动词八月英文give )
I shall write you a letter next month . ( shall 帮助构成一般将来时)
If it were fine yesterday , I could have come to e you . (could , have 帮助构成虚拟语气）要是明天好天，我回去看你的。
练习题
I. 找出下列句子中的助动词
1. Never does he get up at five o'clock .
2. They did remember the date when they met at he spot .
3.They have been married for ten years .
4. I said that they would accept our thanks .
5.They haven't finished what they were asked to do .
6. They ldom call at this lonely place , do they ?
7. The Smiths have a pretty daughter .
8. The computer is for the teacher not for the students.
答案：1.does 2.did 3.have been 4.would 5.have , were 6. do 7.have 不是助动词8.is 不是助动词
II.填入适当的词使句意完整
1.We ____ go to Shanghai next Sunday .
2.They _____ not hear the sound last night .
3. He ____ not smoke and neither ____ his brother.
4. Hardly ____ he gone to bed when there was a knock at the door .
5._____ the doctors giving the first aid to the dying child ?
6. It _____ said that a lot of flowers have _____ planted recently .
