⼋年级英语下册知识点总结（最新最全）
Unit 1 What’s the matter?
⼀、基础知识
1. What’ s the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？
【解析】matter/ ' m?t?(r)) /n.问题；事情
What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了？暗恋的小说
【注】： matter 和trouble 为名词，其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词，wrong 是adj. 不能加the
【⽤法】⽤于询问某⼈有什么病或某⼈遇到什么⿇烦、问题其后跟询问对象时，与介词with连⽤。即：
What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = What happens to sb.? — What’s the matter with you ? — I have a bad cold.
2. I had a cold.我感冒了。 have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒
have a fever 发烧 have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼，肚⼦疼 have a toothache⽛疼 have a headache 头疼
3. ⾝体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词
stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛
4. much too+ 形容词，意为太...... ，too much+名词，意为很多，⼤量。
5. enough【形容、副词】⾜够的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。good enough⾜够好，enough money=much money
6. lie down躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied
7. maybe “或许”，常⽤于句⾸，表⽰可能性，后加句⼦。Maybe you are right.
may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.
sound like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth.
It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.
9. need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；
need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是⼈，表⽰⼈主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class. need doing sth.主语通常是物，表⽰被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing.
10. get off (the bus) 下（公交车） get on 上车
11. agree 同意，赞同；
agree with sth. 同意某事如：I agree with that idea.
agree to sb. 同意某⼈的意见如：I agree to LiLei.
12. trouble问题，⿇烦；be in trouble遇到⿇烦，make trouble 制造⿇烦，have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth做......有⿇烦。
13. right away=right now=at once，意为马上。
14. advice [不可数名词]劝告，建议，向…征求意见， give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某⼈建议； adv
i [动词] advi sb. to do sth. 建议某⼈做某事
advi sb. doing sth.
【复习】exerci 练习、锻炼
当exerci意为“练习”时，为可数名词即可加s
当exerci意为“锻炼”时，为不可数名词即不加s
16. hurt 及物动词，使……疼痛，……受伤，He hurt his leg while exercising.
不及物动词，……（部位）疼。 His leg hurt badly.
clean 【动词】打扫，clean the classroom打扫教室，【形容词】⼲净的，cleaner意为清洁⼯。
18. hit （⽤⼿或器具）打；击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.
hit sb. on the head/ no/ back 打某⼈的头、⿐⼦、后背，on ⽤在所打较硬的部位； hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某⼈的脸、眼睛、肚⼦，in ⽤在所打较软的部位。
be ud to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事，强调状态；His grandpa was ud to country life. Mary is not ud to getting up early in the morning.
get/ become ud to sth./ doing sth. “变得习惯，逐渐适应……”强调过程、动作：
It ’s difficult for one to get ud to another country ’s habit.
20. 【复习】free [形容词]空闲的free time ；免费的the drink is for free ；⾃由的I want to become a free bird.
free 【动词】使……解脱，得到⾃由：He could not free his arm.
run out ⽤完，⽤尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.
物sth. run out. 某物⽤尽了。⼈sb. run out of sth. ⼈⽤尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.
22. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险
23. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性
We students should know the importance of (learning) English.
importance n. 重要（性）， important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.不重要的
decision 【名词】决定；抉择； make a decision 做决定 ;
make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth. 。
⼆、重点语法
【反⾝代词】英语中共有⼋个反⾝代词，在使⽤时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在⼈称、性别、数上保持⼀致。
【⽤法】
1. 可⽤作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表⽰同⼀个或同⼀些的⼈或事物。
如：Maria bought herlf a scarf. We must look after ourlves very well.
2. 可⽤作表语，指的是表语和主语表⽰同⼀个或同⼀些⼈或事物。如： She isn ’t quite herlf today.
3. 可⽤作主语或宾语的同位语，常⽤来加强语⽓。
如：She herlf will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himlf last week.
4. ⽤在某些固定短语当中。
look after onelf / take care of onelf 照顾⾃⼰ teach onelf sth./ learn sth. by onelf ⾃学 enjoy onelf 玩得⾼兴，过得愉快 help onelf to sth 请⾃⽤……（随便吃/喝些……）. hurt onelf 摔伤⾃⼰
say to onelf ⾃⾔⾃语
leave sb. by onelf 把某⼈单独留下
buy onelf sth.给⾃⼰买……东西
introduce onelf 介绍……⾃⼰
Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks
1. sick ⽣病的，有病的；可在句中作表语Mary could not come becau she is sick.
也可作定语a sick child
【区别ill】ill与sick同义；但是只在句中做表语，不做定语。Mary could not come becau she is ill.
2. cheer (sb.) up（让某⼈）变得⾼兴；振奋起来The good news cheered up everyone in our class.
3. give out分发；散发，相当于hand out，The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers.
give sth. out to sb. 意为把某物分发给某⼈。
4. volunteer 【名词】志愿者【动词】义务做，⾃愿做（某事）volunteer to do sth. ⾃愿做某事，
化妆刷怎么用The girls could volunteer in an after-school study program.
5. ud to do sth.过去/曾经(常)做某事，表⽰过去的习惯、动作或状态，并强调现在已经不再存在或发⽣。
There ud to be a cinema here. 这⾥曾有⼀个照相机。
They told me stories about the past and how things ud to be. 他们告诉我关于这⾥过去的故事。
6. alone 【形容词】独⾃⼀⼈的，⽆感情⾊彩：The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himlf. lonely （感到）孤独寂寞的，带有很强的感情⾊彩，可做表语或定语。The lonely boy is not lonely now.
7. care for sb./sth.照顾；照料……
care 【名词】⼩⼼，关⼼take care of=look after →【动词】care about sb./sth.关⼼，在意某⼈/事→【形容词】careful 仔细的 / careless 粗⼼的→【副词】carefully 仔细地
8. such “这样的，这种，如此”，⽤于修饰名词
such+ a/ an+形容词+单数名词：such a good day 多么美好的⼀天 /such an exciting match 多么精彩的⽐赛
such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词：such important decisions 多么重要的建议 such delicious food 多么美味的⾷物
如果名词前被many, much, few, little修饰时，只能⽤so，⽽不⽤such：so many sick children/ so little time
9. try out for…参加…选拔，争取成为…Thirty football players tried out for the Best Player of the year. try out试⽤，试验
10. journey 【名词】（尤指长途）旅⾏，⾏程；trip【名词】多指短途旅⾏；
travel【名词、动词】travel around the world →【名词】traveler旅⾏者
11.【复习】be busy with sth. 忙于（做）什么事情 be busy doing sth. 忙于（做）什么事情
12.【复习】try doing sth. 试着去做某事 try to do sth. 尽⼒去做某事 try one’s best (to do sth.) 尽某⼈最⼤的努⼒去做某事
13.【复习】be worried about sb./ sth. = worry about sb./ sth. 担⼼某⼈、某事
14. rai money集资，筹钱；rai money for…为……筹钱
rai【动词】举起；提⾼；募集
15. keep【动词】keep+名词，保留（某物）；keep+形容词，保持
16.【形容词】broken破损的，出⽑病的；blind瞎的，失明的；deaf聋的；disabled有残疾的，丧失能
⼒的；在句中做定语和表语。
make it possible (for sb.) to do sth.使（某⼈）做某事成为可能，
You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.
make it +形容词(+for sb.) to do sth. 使（某⼈）做某事成为…；
think/find it +形容词to do sth.
18. make a difference to…对……有影响；对……有作⽤，difference前可以⽤no, any, some, much等修饰，如
The rain made no difference to the game.
Hard-working makes much difference to study.
19. difficulty【可数/不可数】表⽰抽象意义的“困难”时为不可数；表⽰具体的“难题、难事”时为可数；
have difficulty (in) doing sth.= have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
20. train【动词】训练，trained为过去分词，可做定语，意为“受过训练的”a trained dog
21. be excited about sth. 对某事感到兴奋，Everyone is excited about the good news.
【复习】excited意为兴奋的，修饰⼈；exciting意为令⼈兴奋/激动的，修饰物。
Unit3 Could you plea clean your room?
Peter ,could you plea take out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？
Could you plea do sth ?请你（做）......好吗？⽤于提出请求，希望得到对⽅的肯定回答，说话的语⽓⽐较客⽓委婉。
Could 不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答⽤can.
【常⽤答语】肯定回答：Sure./ Of cour./ Certainly./No problem. 否定回答： Sorry , I can’t
2、take out 取出（v+ adv）
【注】: 跟代词做宾语，代词放中间；跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边
His teeth hurt badly. The dentist take them out .
【短语】take out the trash 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿⾛，取⾛
take back 收回 take place 发⽣ take off 脱下；起飞
3. Can you do the dishes.？那你可以洗盘⼦吗？
do the dishes 洗碗
【结构1】do the +名词： do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/⾐服
【结构2】do the +动词-ing do the cleaning 打扫卫⽣
【结构3】do one’s + 名词 do one’s houwork/ homework 做家务/家庭作业
【结构4】do some +动词-ing do some reading/ shopping 读写书/购物
Could I at least finish watching this show? ⾄少让我看完这个节⽬可以吗？
1】Could I do a sth? 我可以做......吗？
⽤于表达请求，语⽓⽐较委婉。 Could I go out with my classmate this weekend?
2】at least ⾄少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反) at most ⾄少，不超过
Now all of us exerci at least an hour a day and outside school.
3】finish v 结束；完成 finish doing sth 做完某事
— Can you finish __reading__ the books before 10 o'clock? — Yes, I can.
5、I think two hours of TV is enough for you! 我觉得你看两个⼩时的电视已经⾜够了。
1】two hours of TV 表⽰时间、距离、⾦额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词⽤单数形式。How time is flies! Three years __is_____(be) really a short time.
西安是哪里的
【解析2】’t have enough money with me.
充分（放在形容词；副词后）The river is deep enough for swimming. 【记】’t kind enough to help others.
【注意】enough 修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。
芨芨菜的做法大全
免洗面膜好吗
【拓展】take 构成的短语：
take a walk 去散步 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顾 take off 脱下；起飞 take up 占据 take down 拿下 take one’s time 不急；慢慢来 take one’s temperature 量体温
7. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over .
我刚坐在电视机前⾯，我妈妈就过来了。
【解析1】the minute = as soon as “⼀...... 就......” Plea write to me the minute you get there. 【解析2】 in front of
观察月相指在物体外部的前⾯
There is a bike in front of the classroom.
【辨析】
指在物体内部的前⾯
【记】 The driver sat _____in the front of___________ the car. The policeman stood ___in front of________ the car.
【注意】有the⽆the区别⼤：
at table 吃饭；进餐 in hospital 住院
at the tabel 在桌边 in the hospital 在医院（不⼀定看病）
【解析3】come over 过来
【拓展】 come 短语：
come across（偶然）发现 come back 回来 come up with想出
come true实现 come down下来 come from=be from来⾃，出⽣于
副词的分类come in/into进⼊，进来 come on赶快，加油 come along⾛吧，过来，快点
come and go来来去去 come up上来 come out出来，(花)开，(照⽚)冲洗出来
7. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the hou! 你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务！
all the time = always ⼀直；总是
8. I’m just as tired as you are! 我和你⼀样累！【解析】as...as ... 和......⼀样......
9. For one week , she did not do any houwork and neither did I. ⼀周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。
【解析】neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词 +主语“某⼈（主语）也不”
⑴ neither两者都不
既不回头何必不忘neither …nor…既不…也不…，连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后⼀个主语确定Neither Tom nor Jim is a student ⑵表达“…也不……”则⽤“Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主”
—The first one wasn’t bad. — Neither was the cond.
10. The next day , my mom came home from work to find the hou clean and tidy.
第⼆天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很⼲净、整洁。
