4.2 课后习题详解
一、问答题
1. 一个银行的利率报价为每年14%,每季度复利一次。在以下不同的复利机制下对应的利率是多少?
(a)连续复利;(b)一年复利一次。
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A bank quotes you an interest rate of 14% per annum
with quarterly
compounding.What is the equivalent rate with (a) continuous compounding and (b) annual compounding?
答:(a)等价的连续复利利率为:
,即每年13.76%。
我是你的眼歌词(b)按年计复利的利率为:
,即每年14.75%。
2. LIBOR与LIBID的含义是什么?哪一个更高?
What is meant by LIBOR and LIBID. Which is higher?
答:LIBOR是伦敦同业银行拆出利率,它是一家银行提供给其他银行资金所要求的利率。LIBID是伦敦同业银行拆入利率,它是一家银行愿意接受的从其他银行借款的利率。一般情况下,LIBOR比LIBID高。
3. 6个月期与一年期的零息利率均为10%。一个剩余期限还有18个月,券息利率为8%(刚刚付过半年一次的利息)的债券,收益率为10.4%的债券价格为多少?18个月的零息利率为多少?这里的所有利率均为每半年复利一次利率。
The six-month and one-year zero rates are both 10% per annum. For a bond that lasts 18 months and pays a coupon of 8% per annum (with a coupon payment having just been made), the yield is 10.4% per annum. What is the bond’s price? What is the 18-month zero rate? All rates are quoted with
miannual compounding.答:考虑票面价值为100美元的债券。由于要求收益率为每年10.4%,按半年计息,债券价格应该等于未来现金流以半年
今其智乃反不能及5.2%的贴现率折现得到。即价格为:
如果18个月的即期利率是R ,价格也应该等于未来现金流按照相应的即期利率折现得到。则有:
从而得到R=10.42%。
4. 一个投资者在年初投入1000美元,年末收入1100美元。计算投资在不同复利机制下的收益率:
(a )一年复利一次,(b )一年复利2次,(c )每月复利一次以及(d )连续复利。An investor receives $1,100 in one year in return for an investment of $1,000 now. Calculate the percentage return per annum with a) Annual compounding, b) Semiannual compounding, c) Monthly compounding and d) Continuous compounding.
答:(a )按年计复利,回报率为
,即每年10%。
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(b )按半年计复利,设回报率为R ,则
,可化简为:
,即回报率为每年djdj
9.76%。(c )按月计复利,设回报率为R ,则,可化简为:
=1.00797,则R=0.0957,即回报率为9.57%。
(d )按连续复利计,设回报率为R ,则
,则
R=0.0953,即回报率为
9.53%。5. 假设连续复利的零息利率如表4-1所示:
表4-1
计算第2季度、第3季度、第4季度、第5季度和第6季度的远期利率。
资产出售Suppo that
Zero interest rates with continuous compounding are as follows :
Calculate forward interest rates for the cond ,third ,fourth ,fifth .and sixth quarters
答:与上题同理,可得按连续复利计算的远期利率如下:
第二季度:8.4%;第三季度:8.8%;第四季度:8.8%;第五季度:9.0%;第六季度:9.2%。
6. 假如零息利率如练习题5所示,一个3个月期限的固定利率为9.5%的FRA价值为多少?这里FRA的面值为1000000美元,起始日期为1年以后,利率复利为每季度一次。
Assuming that zero rates are as in Problem 4-5, what is the value of an FRA that enables the holder to earn 9.5% for a three-month period starting in one year on a principal of $1, 000, 000 ? The interest rate is expresd with quarterly compounding.
答:连续复利时,远期利率为9.0%;每季度复利时,远期利率为9.102%。由复习笔记中方程(4-9)知,FRA的价值为:[1000000×0.25×(0.095-0.09102)]e-
0086×125=893.56(美元)。
7. 利率期限结构向上倾斜,将以下变量按大小排列。
(a)5年期零息利率;
(b)5年期带息债券(coupon bearing bond)的收益率;
(c)将来从第5年到第5年零3个月期间的远期利率。
当利率期限结构向下倾斜,结果会如何变化?
The term structure is upward sloping. Put the following in order of magnitude:
a. The five-year zero rate
b. The yield on a five-year coupon-bearing bond
c. The forward rate corresponding to the period between 5 and 5.25 years in the future. What is the answer to this question when the term structure is downward sloping?覆盆子果酱
答:当利率期限结构是向上倾斜时:c>a>b ;当利率期限结构是向下倾斜时:
b>a>c 。
8.从久期你知道债券组合对于利率有什么样的敏感度?久期有什么局限性?
What does duration tell you about the nsitivity of a bond portfolio to interest rates. What are the limitations of the duration measure?
答:久期描述了关于债券组合价值的收益率曲线的轻微平移。债券组合价值下降的百分比等于其久期乘以在轻微平移中,利率上升的值。但久期也有限制性,它只适用于收益率曲线的轻微平行移动。
9.
与年利率
15%,并按月复利等价的连续复利的年利率是多少?
What rate of interest with continuous compounding is equivalent to 15% per annum with monthly compounding?
答:设利率为R ,有:
可化简为:
因此,年利率为14.91%。
10. 一个存款账号以每年12%的连续复利利率来计算利息,但利息每个季度付出一次,则10000美元存款对应于每季度的利息为多少?
A deposit account pays 12% per annum
with continuous
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compounding, but
interest is actually paid quarterly. How much interest will be paid each quarter on a $10,000 deposit?
答:设按季度复利的等效利率为R ,有:
即:
因此每季度支付的利息为:
11. 假定6个月期、12个月期、18个月期、24个月期和30个月期的零息利率分别为每年4%、4.2%、4.4%、4.6%和4.8%,利率以连续复利为计。估计一个面值为100美元的债券的价格,假定此债券在第30个月后到期,债券息票利率为每年4%,每半年付息一次。
Suppo that 6-month, 12-month. 18-month, 24-month, and 30-month zero rates are 4%, 4.2%, 4.4%, 4.6%, and 4.8% per anent with continuous compounding respectively. Estimate the cash price of a bond with a face value of 100 that will