LaTeX 数学符号总结（jupyternotebook ）
1. LaTeX 数学公式基础知识
LaTeX的强⼤之处在于对数学符号和公式的排版，所以jupyter notebook采⽤LaTeX来进⾏数学符号和公式的显⽰排版。⾸先，在jupyter notebook ⾥⾯，LaTeX数学公式⽤$$括起来。数学模式和⽂本模式⼜很多的不同之处。例如在数学模式中：
1. 空格和分⾏都会被忽略，所有的空格或是由数学表达式逻辑的衍⽣，或是由特殊命令如\，\quad或\qquad来得到。空格可以
⽤&emsp；或者 ；表⽰
2. 不允许有空⾏，每个公式中只能有⼀个段落。
3. 每个字符都将被看作是⼀个变量名并以此来排版。
冷泉亭记2. 常⽤的排版命令
分式
命令\frac{a}{b}形式：命令\sum_{i=1}^n p_i 形式：3. 常⽤的数学模式命令
1. 数学模式重⾳符
Symbol
Command Symbol
Command Symbol
Command \hat{a}\grave{a}\bar{a}\check{a}\dot{a}\vec{a}\tilde{a}\ddot{a}\widehat{A}\acute{a}
\breve{a}
\widetilde{A}
2. ⼩写希腊字母
Symbol
Command Symbol Command Symbol Command
\alpha \theta o \beta \vartheta \pi \gamma \iota \varpi \delta \kappa \rho \epsilon \lambda \varrho \varepsilon \mu \sigma \zeta \nu \varsigma \eta \xi \tau \upsilon \phi \varphi \chi
\psi
\omega
3. ⼤写希腊字母
Symbol
Command Symbol Command Symbol Command \Gamma
\Lambda
\Sigma
b
a
p ∑i =1n
i
a ^a ˋa ˉa ˇa ˙a a ~a ¨A a ˊ
a ˘
A
αθo βϑπγιϖδκρϵλϱεμσζνςηξτυϕφχ
ψ
ω
ΓΛΣ
\Delta \Xi \Upsilon \Theta \Pi \Phi
\Psi
\Omega
Symbol
Command Symbol
Command
Symbol
Command
4. ⼆元关系符
Symbol
Command
Symbol Command
Symbol Command
><=\leq or \le
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\geq or \ge
\equiv \ll \gg \doteq \prec \succ \sim \preceq \succeq \simeq \subt \supt \approx \subteq \supteq \cong \sqsubt \sqsupt \Join \sqsubteq
\sqsupteq \bowtie \in \ni or \owns \propto \vdash \dashv \models \mid \parallel \perp \smile \frown \asymp
接力赛跑:
\notin
\neq or \ne
5. ⼆元运算符
Symbol
Command
Symbol Command
Symbol Command
+-\pm \mp \triangleleft \cdot \div \triangleright
\times \tminus \star \cup \cap \ast \sqcup \sqcap \circ \vee or \lor \wedge or \land
\bullet \oplus \ominus \diamond \odot \oslash \uplus \otimes \bigcirc \amalg \bigtriangleup
\bigtriangledown
\dagger \lhd \rhd \ddagger \unlhd
\unrhd
\wr
表面端庄的妈妈6. ⼤尺⼨运算符
Δ
Ξ
Υ
ΘΠΦ
Ψ
Ω
><=≤≥≡≪≫≐≺≻∼⪯⪰≃⊂⊃≈⊆⊇≅⊏⊐⋈⊑⊒⋈∈∋∝⊢⊣⊨∣∥⊥⌣⌢≍:
∈/
=
+−±∓◃⋅÷▹×∖⋆∪∩∗⊔⊓∘∨∧∙⊕⊖⋄⊙⊘⊎⊗◯⨿△▽†⊲⊳‡⊴
⊵
≀
Symbol Command Symbol Command Symbol Command
浩瀚无际
\sum\bigcup\bigcap
\bigvee\bigoplus\prod
\bigwedge\bigotimes\coprod
\bigsqcup\bigodot\int
\oint\biguplus
7. 箭头
Symbol Command Symbol Command Symbol Command \leftarrow or \gets\longleftarrow\uparrow
\rightarrow or \to\longrightarrow\downarrow
\leftrightarrow\longleftrightarrow\updownarrow
\Leftarrow\Longleftarrow\Uparrow
\Rightarrow\Longrightarrow\Downarrow
\Leftrightarrow\Longleftrightarrow\Updownarrow \mapsto\longmapsto\nearrow \hookleftarrow\hookrightarrow\arrow
\leftharpoonup\rightharpoonup\swarrow
\leftharpoondown\rightharpoondown\nwarrow
\rightleftharpoons\iff\leadsto
8. 定界符
Symbol Command Symbol Command Symbol Command
()\uparrow
[ or \lbrack] or \rbrack\downarrow
{ or \lbrace} or \rbrace\updownarrow
\langle\rangle\Uparrow $$\vert| or \Vert
\lfloor\rfloor\Updownarrow
\lceil\rceil/
\backslash
9. ⼤尺⼨定界符
Symbol Command Symbol Command Symbol Command
\lgroup\rgroup\lmoustache
\rmoustache KaTeX par error: Expected
'EOF', got '\arrowvert' at
position 1: \a r r o w v e r t
\arrowvert
KaTeX par error:
Expected 'EOF', got
'\Arrowvert' at position
\Arrowvert
∑⋃⋂
⋁⨁∏
⋀⨂∐
⨆⨀∫
∮⨄
←⟵↑
→⟶↓
↔⟷↕
⇐⟸⇑
⇒⟹⇓
⇔⟺⇕
↦⟼↗
↩↪↘
↼⇀↙
↽⇁↖
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⇌⟺⇝
()↑
[]↓
{}↕
⟨⟩⇑
∥⇓⌊⌋⇕
⌈⌉/
\
⟮⟯⎰
⎱
1: \A r r o w v e r t KaTeX par error: Expected 'EOF', got '\bracevert' at position 1: \b r a c e v e r t \bracevert
Symbol
Command Symbol Command
Symbol
Command
10. 其他符号
Symbol
Command Symbol
Command Symbol
Command \dots \cdots \vdots \ddots \hbar \imath \jmath \ell \Re \Im \aleph \wp \forall \exists \mho \partial ’\prime \emptyt \infty \nabla \triangle \Box \Diamond \bot \top \angle \surd \diamondsuit \heartsuit \clubsuit \spadesuit \neg or \lnot
\flat
\natural
\sharp
11. ⾮数学符号
Symbol
Command
KaTeX par error: Expected 'EOF', got '\S' at position 1: \S \S
12. AMS 定界符
Symbol
Command Symbol
Command Symbol
Command \ulcorner \urcorner \llcorner \lrcorner \lvert \rvert
\lVert
\rVert
13. AMS 希腊和希伯来字母
Symbol
Command Symbol Command Symbol Command \digamma \varkappa \beth
\daleth
\gimel
14. AMS ⼆元关系符
Symbol
Command Symbol Command Symbol Command \lessdot \gtrdot \doteqdot or \Doteq
\leqslant
\geqslant
\risingdotq
…⋯⋮⋱ℏıȷℓℜℑℵ℘∀∃
℧∂′
′∅∞∇△□◊⊥⊤∠√♢♡♣♠¬♭
♮
♯
┌┐└┘∣∣
∥
∥
ϝϰℶ
ℸ
ℷ
⋖⋗≑⩽⩾≓⪕
⪖
≒
\eqslantless \eqslantgtr \fallingdotq \leqq \geqq \eqcirc
\lll or \llless \ggg or \gggtr
\circeq \lesssim \gtrsim \triangleq \lessapprox \gtrapprox \bumpeq \lessgtr \gtrless \Bumpeq \lesqgtr \gtreqless \thicksim \lesqqgtr \gtreqqless \thickapprox \preccurlyeq \succcurlyeq \approxeq \curlyeqprec \curlyeqsucc \backsim \precsim \succsim \backsimeq \precapprox \succapprox \vDash \subteqq \supteqq \Vdash \Subt \Supt \Vvdash \sqsubt \sqsupt \backepsilon \therefore \becau \varpropto \digamma \varkappa \beth \digamma
\varkappa
\beth
麦芽的功效Symbol
Command
Symbol
Command Symbol
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Command 15. AMS 箭头
Symbol
Command Symbol Command Symbol Command \dashleftarrow
\dashrightarrow
\multimap
\leftleftarrows \rightrightarrows \upuparrows \leftrightarrows \rightleftarrows \downdownarrows \Lleftarrow \Rrightarrow \upharpoonleft \twoheadleftarrow \twoheadrightarrow \upharpoonright \leftarrowtail \rightarrowtail \downharpoonleft \leftrightharpoons
\rightleftharpoons
\downharpoonright \Lsh \Rsh \rightsquigarrow \looparrowleft \looparrowright \leftrightsquigarrow \curvearrowleft \curvearrowright
\circlearrowleft
\circlearrowright
16. AMS ⼆元否定关系符和箭头
Symbol
Command Symbol
Command
Symbol
Command \nless \ngtr \varsubtneqq \lneq
\gneq
\varsuptneqq
⪕⪖≒≦
≧
≖⋘⋙≗≲≳≜⪅⪆≏≶≷≎⋚⋛∼⪋⪌≈≼≽≊⋞⋟∽≾≿⋍⪷⪸⊨
⫅⫆⊩⋐⋑⊪⊏⊐∍∴∵∝ϝϰℶϝ
ϰ
ℶ
⇠⇢⊸⇇⇉⇈⇆⇄⇊⇚⇛↿↞↠↾↢↣⇃⇋⇌⇂↰↱⇝↫↬↭↶↷
↺
↻
≮≯ ⪇⪈ ≰
≱
