英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习
主语（subject）: 是执行句子的行为或动作的主体。
The sun ris in the east. （名词）
He likes dancing. （代词）
Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)
Seeing is believing. （动名词）
To e is to believe. （不定式）
What he needs is a book. （主语从句）
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）
谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English. He likes playing the games.
表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher. （名词）
珠海美食Five and five is ten. （数词）
He is asleep. （形容词）
His father is in. （副词）
The picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语)
My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词）
To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. （不定式）
The question is whether they will come. （表语从句）
（常见的系动词有: be feel (摸起来, sound（听起来）, look（看
起来）, taste（尝、吃起来）, smell（闻起来）
keep, stay ,remain（保持，仍是） get, become, turn feel（感觉） ...
It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange.
Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin.
The food smells delicious. The food tastes good.总经理新年致辞
The door remains open. Now I feel tired.
宾语：1）动作的承受者-----动宾
I like China. （名词） He hates you. （代词）
How many do you need? We need two. （数词）
We should help the old and the poor.
I enjoy working with you. （动名词）
I hope to e you again. （不定式）
Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句）
2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾
Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks.
3）双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）
He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money.
宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。
We elected him monitor. （名词）
We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. （名）
We will make them happy. （形容词）
We found nobody in. ( 副词 )
Plea make yourlf at home. 介词短语）
Don’t let him do that. （省to不定式）
His father advid him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. （带to不定式）
Don’t keep the lights burning. （现在分词）
I’ll have my bike repaired. （过去分词）
主补：对主语的补充。
He was elected monitor.
柏联温泉
She was found singing in the next room.
He was advid to teach the lazy boy a lesson.
定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。
Ai Yanling is a chemistry teacher.（名词） 二年级上册数学应用题
He is our friend. （代词）
We belong to the third world. （数词）
He was advid to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（形容词）
The man over there is my old friend.(副词) The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词)
The boys playing football are in Class 2. （现在分词）
The trees planted last year are growing well now. （过去分词）
I have an idea to do it well. （不定式）
You should do everything that I do. （定语从句）
状语：用来修饰v., adj., adv., or 句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步
怎样划分英语句子中的成分？
怎样划分英语句子中的成分？
主语，谓语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，定语，状语分别有什么用法，应该怎样划分？首先，要熟悉五种句子的基本结构，分别为：
主谓主谓宾苏轼三父子主系表主谓双宾语（ 间宾 直宾）
主谓复合宾语（宾+ 宾补）一、SV (主语＋谓语)
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。 这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
(1)这些动词常见的有：take place，happen，break out，appear，disappear，apologize，arrive，come，die，exist，fall，ri，hang(可作及物动词或不及物动词)等。
(2)有些动词如wash，ll，burn，write，clean，draw，cook，read等可以在后面加副词表示主语的性质。
1．The sun was shining.
2．We all breathe, eat, and drink.
3．Who cares?
4.What he said does not matter.
消防安全管理规定5．They talked for half an hour.
6．The pen writes smoothly.
二、SVP (主语＋系动词＋表语)
在该句型中，句子的谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。连系动词分两类：
(1)表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be，look，em，appear，smell，taste，sound，sit，stand，lie，keep，remain，stay等。
三皇炮捶
(2)表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有：become，get，grow，turn，go，come，prove等。
1．This is an EnglishChine dictionary.
2．The dinner smells good.
3．He fell in love.
4．Everything looks different.
5．He is growing tall and strong.
6．The trouble is that they are short of money.
7．Our well has gone dry.
8．His face turned red.
三、SVO (主语＋谓语＋宾语)
这种句型中的动词为及物动词或者可以后接宾语的动词短语。谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。同时，句子中有时含有与宾语有关的状语。另外，动词或动词短语跟非谓语动词作宾语时，有些只跟不定式，而有些只跟动名词。
跟不定式做宾语的动词有：afford，agree，choo，decide，demand，desire，determine，fail，hope，manage，offer，plan，prepare，pretend，promi，refu，ek，threaten，wish，arrange，learn，etc.
跟动名词做宾语的动词和短语有：acknowledge(承认)，admit，appreciate(感激)，avoid，consider，delay，摇钱树苗deny，dislike，prevent，enjoy，escape，finish，imagine，keep，mind，practice，quit(放弃)，risk，(can't)stand，suggest，advi等；动词短语有：give up，put off，feel like，t about，insist on等。
1．Who knows the answer?
2．She smiled her thanks.
3．He has refud to help them.
