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基础复习阶段（ｕｎｉｔ１－４）
Comprehensive Exercis(综合练习)
长胶打法Unit One
A语言基础知识练习
1）重点句型与结构操练：Translate the following ntences into Chine, paying attention to the underlined parts.
1．Vitamins are different in that their elements are arranged differently, and each vitamin performs one or more specific functions in the body.
解析：(译文)维生素各不相同因为他们的元素排列不同，并且每一种维生素在人体里起到了一种或一种以上的特定的功能。
（ｉｄｍ 习语） ｉｎ ｔｈａｔ / In TEt / （不可重读） ｆｏｒ ｔｈｅ ｒｅａｓｏｎ ｔｈａｔ； ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ 基于．．．的理由； 因为： Ｐｒｉｖａｔｉｚａｔｉｏｎ ｉｓ ｔｈｏｕｇｈｔ ｔｏ ｂｅ ｂｅｎｅｆｉｃｉａｌ ｉｎ ｔｈａｔ ｉｔ ｐｒｏｍｏｔｅｓ ｃｏｍｐｅｔｉｔｉｏｎ． 私营化的优点在于能促进相互竞争． （固定搭配）perform/fulfil(US fulfill) /(play×) functions
注意：
1）for all that (=although)，例如：They are good people, for all that their ways are not the same as ours.
ways 处事态度
for `all（that）：despite; in spite of 尽管; 虽然: He has great power and wealth, but is still unhappy for all that. 他有钱有势, 可尽管如此却并不快乐. 2）now that(=since)，例如：Now that you have come, you may as well stay here for a couple of days.
now conj ~ (that)... becau of the fact (that)... 由于...; 既然...: Now (that) you mention it, I do remember the incident. 经你一提, 我想起那件事了. * Now you've pasd your test you can drive on your own. 你驾驶考试既已合格, 就可以独自开车了.
may/might/could(just) as well＝had better不妨，最好
2．If you intend to have friends to dinner, you plan the menu, make a shopping list and decide which food to cook first, and such planning is an esntial for any type of to be rved.
解析：（译文）如果你要请明天吃饭，那么你要列一张菜单，开一张购物单，决定先做什么菜，这样的安排是你请客吃饭所必不可少的。
“for any type of to be rved”：带逻辑主语的动词不定式在句中做状语
3．Vincent Van Gogh killed himl f when he was only 37, but he left behind him more than 2000 paintings and drawings, which established his reputation in a way he would never have considered possible had he been alive.
韩顶梅解析：（译文）他自杀时才37岁，但是他留下来2000多幅油画和素描。如果他活着，他绝不会想到这些作品会为他带来如此大的名望
注意划线部分的汉语表达 kill himlf＝commit suicide.
which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面两个并列的名词；paintings and drawings（而非仅drawings）
；可译为这些油画和素描（或灵活地译为这些作品）。“he would never have considered possible had he been alive”是省略了关系代词的定语从句，在从句中省略的关系代词作宾语。“had he been alive”
是部分倒装的条件虚拟语气，原句应为“if he had been alive”Expressionist and Symbolist schools印象派
4．The suspended trade talk between the two superpowers is reported in the local newspapers to have been resumed in Washington two days ago.
译：据地方报纸报道，这两个超级大国之间中断的贸易谈判两天前在华盛顿重新开始。
suspend： 3 [Tn] (a) prevent (sth) from being in effect for a time; stop (sth) temporarily 暂不实行（某事物）; 使（某事物）暂停: suspend a rule 暂不实行一项规定 * Rail rvices are suspended indefinitely becau of the strike. 铁路运输因罢工而无限期停运. (b) postpone (sth); delay 推迟（某事物）; 延缓: suspend introduction of the new scheme 延缓实施新方案 * suspend judgement 暂不决断 * give a criminal a suspended ntence, 给一罪犯缓刑.
In effect (a) for practical purpos; in fact 实际上; 事实上: T he two systems are, in effect, identical.
这两种制度实际上一模一样. (b) (of a rule, law, etc) in u （指规则、法律等）有效: Some ancient laws are still in effect. 有些古时的法律现在仍然有效.
of/to no ef`fect not having the result intended or hoped for 没有预期的或希望的结果; 无效: My warning was of no effect. 我的警告无济於事. * We warned them, but to no effect. 我们警告过他们, 但完全没用.
resume（重点词汇）：重新开始，恢复
“to have been resumed”－动词不定式的完成时作主语“he suspended trade talk”补语。例：He was said to have come here yestaday.
不定式的完成式用于下列两种情况：
（1） em（似乎）、appear（显得）、be suppod（被认为）、be said（听说）等动词后面，表示发生在更早的事件或先于某一个事件发生。Many of the world’s great novels are reported to have been made films last year. （2） 在wish（愿望）、hope（希望）、desire（欲望）、intend(打算)、mean(意指)等动作的过去式后，表示过去的目的、企图、愿望、计划等没有实现。eg.I intended to have come.我本来打算要来的。（事实上没有来）I wished to have helped you，but I had no money then.
带雨字的网名
用法（2）等同于上述动词的非不定式的过去完成式例如上一句可以改为： I had
intended to come. *I had wished to help you，but I had no money then. 5．Good news sometimes was relead prematurely, with the British recapture of the port announced half a day before the defenders actually surrendered.
解析：（译文）好消息有时被过早发布，英国收复港口的消息在守卫者实际投降半天前就被宣布了。
premature/ 5premEtjUE(r); ?@ 9pri:mE5tUEr; 9primE`tJr/：happening before the proper or expected time提前的，过早的，未到期的
recapture/ 9ri:5kAptFE(r); ri`kAptFL/ v [Tn] 1 capture again (a person or an animal that has escaped, or sth taken by an enemy) 重新捕获（逃跑的人或动物）; 夺回（敌人夺走的事物）: recapture escaped prisoners, bears 重新捕获逃脱的犯人、熊 * The town was recaptured from the enemy. 该城已从敌人手中收复. 2(fig 比喻) experience again or reproduce (past emotions, etc) 再次经历、体验或产生（往日的情感等）: recapture the joys of youth 重新体验年轻时的欢乐 * recapture a period atmosphere, eg in a play, film, etc 再现某历史时期的气氛（如在戏剧、电影等中）.
重点在于with结构
注意：“with＋名词＋分词”构成独立主格，译时当单独句子处理
例如：With the guide leading the way ,the tourists started off into the dark night.
（81年研考）导游领路，旅游者开始向深夜进发。
6．On account of the uncertainty of the market at your end, we have suffered some loss by the business with you in the past few years.
at your end（贵方） on account of（由于）
由于贵方的市场不稳定，在于你们近几年的生意中，我们已经蒙受了一些损失。7．All matter as it is normally encountered either consists of elements or combinations of elements called compounds.
as引导的特殊的状语从句，译时当定语从句处理（英译汉考过2次）正常情况下所遇到的所有物质，要么由元素组成，要么由被称作化合物的元素的组合所构成8．Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible conquence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.
面包机做的面包解析：（译文）虽然宇宙膨胀论虽然听起来似乎奇特，但是它是基本粒子物理学中一些公认的理论在科学上看来可信的推论。许多天体物理学家最近7，8年来一直相信宇宙膨胀说是正确的。
让步状语从句的倒装：连接词放在句子中间，句子表语提前，而非主谓倒装；odd 是表语，sound是半系动词，though改为as也可以。“it”指“cosmic inflation”
副词的位置：
1）修饰vi.放在其后The birds song merrily in the woods.
2)修饰vt.放其前或宾语后，不能放vt.和宾语中；若宾语有后置定语修饰，adv.可放vt.和宾语中。
The teacher pronounced slowly the words that the students asked for .
The teacher noisily entered the room.(The children entered the room noisily).
3）频率副词放在主要动词前，系动词后；有时可放在句首
she is always changing her mind. I sometimes go to the library.(=Sometimes I go to the library)
4）adv.可修饰adv.,adj.，分词，介词，连词，放在这些词前；只有enough例外－做adj时放在被修饰词后面，做adj时放在被修饰词前。（adj.不能修饰adj.）隐形的翅膀歌词
繁花似锦的拼音试译下句：The theories are relative precily becau they are drawn by inference.
虽董之以严刑
inflate/ In5fleIt; In`flet/ v 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with sth) fill (a tyre, balloon, etc) with air or gas 使（轮胎、气球等）充气、膨胀: a fully inflated tyre 气充得很足的轮胎. (b) [I] become filled with air or gas; swell 充满气体; 膨胀; 胀大: With a supply of compresd air the large balloon inflated in a matter of conds. 大气球注入压缩空气后, 几秒钟就充足了气. 2 [Tn] (fig 比喻) cau (sb's lf-opinion) to become too great 使某人自视甚高; 骄傲; 得意: flattery that would inflate the most modest person's ego 把最谦虚的人也能吹捧得趾高气扬的恭维. 3 [I, Tn] (finance 财) take action to increa the amount of money in circulation in (an economy) so that prices ri 物价上涨; 使通货膨胀. Cf 参看 deflate, reflate.
> inflatable / -Ebl/ adj that can be or must be inflated 可充气的; 必须充气的;
继续医学教育杂志可膨胀的: an inflatable dinghy 充气筏.
inflation / In5fleIFn; In`fleFEn/ n [U] 1 process of inflating (inflate 1a); being inflated 充气; 膨胀. 2 ri in prices resulting from an increa in the supply of money, credit, etc 通货膨胀; 物价上涨: control/curbinflation 控制[遏制]通货膨胀 * galloping (ie vere andrapid) inflation 失控通胀.
inflationary/ In5fleIFnrI; ?@ -nerI; In`fleFEn9ZrI/ adj of, caud by or causing financial inflation 通货膨胀的; 由通货膨胀引起的; 引起通货膨胀的: the inflationary spiral, ie economic situation in which pric
es and wages ri in turn as the supply of money is incread 恶性通货膨胀（因流通货币增加导致工资与物价交互上涨的现象） * inflationary wage claims 通货膨胀引起的增加工资的要求.
conquence/ 5kCnsIkwEns; ?@ -kwens; `kBnsE9kwZns/ n 1 [C usu pl 通常作复数] thing that is a result or an effect of sth el 结果; 后果; 影响: Her investment had disastrous conquences: she lost everything she owned. 她的投资结果很惨, 血本无归. * be ready to take/suffer/bear the conquences of one's actions, ie accept the bad things which happen
as a result 准备承担自己行动的后果 * recent developments which could have far-reaching conquences for the country's economy 最近的事态变化, 能够对国家的经济产生深远影响. 2 [U] (fml 文) importance 重要性: It is of no conquence. 这无关紧要. * He may be a man of conquence (ie an important man or man of high rank) in his own country, but he's nobody here. 他在自己的国家中尽管举足轻重, 但在此地却毫不显眼. 3 (idm 习语) in conquence (of sth) (infml 口) as a result (of sth) 由於（某事物）的缘故; 因而: She was found guilty, and lost her job in conquence (of it). 她被判有罪, 因而失去了工作.
plausible（重点词汇）：/ 5plR:zEbl; `plRzEbl/ adj (of a statement, an excu, etc) eming to be right or reasonable; believable （指陈述、藉口等）似乎正确的, 似有道理的, 可信的
respected：公认的
respect1 / rI5spekt/ n 1 [U] ~ (for sb/sth) admiration felt or shown for a person or thing that has good qualities or achievements; regard 尊敬;
敬重; 钦敬: a mark, token, etc of respect 尊敬的标志、表示等 * have a deep, sincere, etc respect for sb 深深地、由衷地...敬重某人 * I have the greatest respect for you/hold you in the greatest respect. 我非常尊敬您.
* The new officer soon won/earned the respect of his men. 那新来的军官很快博得了士兵的钦敬. 2 [U] ~ (for sb/sth) politeness or consideration arising from admiration or regard 尊敬之表示; 尊重之情: Children should show respect for their teachers. 学生要尊敬老师. * Out of respect, he took off his hat. 他脱帽以示敬意. * have some, little, no, etc respect for sb's feelings 相当、不太、毫不...尊重某人的感情 * With (all due) respect, sir, I disagree. 先生, 恕我直言, 我不能同意. 3 [U] ~ (for sb/sth) protection or recognition 维护; 承认; 尊重: very little respect for human rights 极不尊重人权. 4 [C] particular aspect or detail 方面; 著眼点: in this one respect 在这一点上 * in some/all/many/veral/few respects 在某些[各个/许多/几个/极少]方面 * In what respect do you think the film is biad? 你认为影片在哪一方面失之偏颇? 5 (idm 习语) in respect of sth (fml or commerce
文或商) as regards sth; with s pecial reference to sth 关于某事物; 就某方面而言: The book is admirable in respect of style. 这本书风格极佳. * price ris in respect of gas and water costs 煤气费和水费涨价. with respect to sth (fml or commerce 文或商) concerning sth 涉及、提到或关于某事物: This is true with respect to English but not to French. 这一点在英语属实而在法语则不同. * With respect to your enquiry, I enclo an explanatory leaflet. 关于你的询问, 兹附上有关说明资料.
Ø respects n [pl] (fml 文) 1 polite greetings 敬意; 问候: Give/nd/offer him my respects. 代我向他致意. 2 (idm 习语) pay one's respects => pay2.
