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热带亚热带植物学报 2021, 29(1): 87 ~ 90 Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany
Received: 2020–04–29 Accepted: 2020–08–08
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31750001, 31700018). JUYan-hu,male,PhD,interestingintaxonomyoflichenedfungi.E-mail:*************** *Correspondingauthor.E-mail:*****************
中国星裂衣属二新记录种
巨延虎1, 李敏1, 王长钰1, 于振莲2, 贾泽峰1*
(1. 聊城大学生命科学学院，山东 聊城 252000；2. 山东省莘县农业局，山东 莘县 252400)
摘要：基于形态学、解剖学和化学特征，报道了2种星裂衣属(Astrochapsa )中国新记录种：假疱星裂衣(A. pudophlyctis )和察氏星裂衣(A. zahlbruckner )。假疱星裂衣的主要识别特征是地衣体壳状，皮层较为致密，子囊盘圆形至不规则形，子囊孢子无色，砖壁型，大小为30~75 µm×10~25 µm ，未检测到次级代谢产物。察氏星裂衣的主要识别特征是地衣体壳状，子囊盘圆形至不规则形，盘缘凸起外翻且其内表面为白色，子囊孢子无色或浅棕色，砖壁型，大小55~90 µm×22~28 µm ，含有斑点酸。
关键词：地衣型真菌；疣孔衣科；星裂衣属；新记录 doi: 10.11926/jtsb.4242
Two Newly Recorded Species of Astrochapsa from China
JU Yan-hu 1, LI Min 1, WANG Chang-yu 1, YU Zhen-lian 2, JIA Ze-feng 1*
(1. College of Life Sciences , Liaocheng University , Liaocheng 252059, Shandong, China; 2. Shenxian Agricultural Bureau , Shenxian 252400, Shandong, China)
Abstract: Two Astrochapsa species, A. pudophlyctis and A. zahlbruckneri , are reported from China for the first time bad on the morphological, anatomical and chemical characteristics. Astrochapsa pudophlyctis is characterized by the crusto thallus with a compact surface, rounded to angular apothecia in outline, hyaline and muriform ascospores sized 30–75 µm×10–25 µm, and abnce of lichen compounds detected. Astrochapsa zahlbruckneri is characterid by the crusto thallus, usually angular-rounded to irregular apothecia in outline with a strongly raid, jagged to typically lobed, upright to recurved margin, hyaline or slightly brownish and denly muriform ascospores (55–90 µm×22–28 µm), and prence of stictic acid.
Key words: Lichenized fungi; Thelotremataceae; Astrochapsa ; New record
The genus Astrochapsa Parnmen, Lücking & Lumbsch was divided from the genus Chapsa A. Mass
al in 2012 following a phylogenetic analysis [1]. Compared to Chapsa s. str., the genus Astrochapsa is characterized by the more frequently den cortex, recurved apothecial margin, and exclusively non- distoptate and non-amyloid ascospores [1]. Eighteen species, including A. pudophlyctis and A. zahlbruck- neri described as Chapsa s. lat. species from 1923 to 2012, were introduced into Astrochapsa. Subquently,
eleven new species such as A. albella Sipman, A. elongata Poengs. & Lumbsch and A. martinicensis Ertz & Borgato, were added to this genus [2–10]. A total of 29 species are currently accepted in the genus worldwide [8–10]. Some smaller related genera have also been reported from China in recent years, such as Carbacan- thographis Staiger & Kalb [11–12], Chapsa A. Massal.[13], Fissurina Fée [14], Myriotrema Fée [15], and Reimnitzia Kalb [16]. Up to now, only one species of Astrochapsa ,
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A. mirabilis (Zahlbr.) Lücking & S. Joshi (=Phaeo- graphina mirabilis Zahlbr.), has been known from Fujian in China[17]. During our ongoing studies on Thelotremataceae in China, another two species of Astrochapsa were found and reported here.
1 Materials and methods
Specimens examined in this study are deposited in the Herbarium of Crytopams, Kunming Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica-Lichenes (KUN-L) and the Fungarium of the College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University (LCUF). The morphology and anatomy were obrved using a stereomicroscope OL YMPUS SZX16 and light microscopes OL YMPUS BX53. Sections of thalli and ascomata were mounted in water, in which K (a 10% aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide), C (a saturated solution of aqueous sodium hypochlorite) and I (Lugol’s iodine) test were taken. The lichen substances were detected using thin-layer chromatography (TLC)[18–20].乡村振兴心得体会
2 Results
Two species of Astrochapsa in family Thelotre- mataceae (lichenized Ascomycota: Ostropales) are described as new to China here. The specimens was taken from southern China.
Astrochapsa Parnmen, Lücking & Lumbsch, PLoS ONE 7(12): e51392, 8 (2012)
Type species：Astrochapsa astroidea(Berk. & Broome) Parnmen, Lücking & Lumbsch, PLoS ONE 7(12): e51392, 8 (2012)
Thallus crusto with den cortex; apothecia erumpent, disc expod, rounded to irregular in out- line with lobulate to usually recurved margin; exci- pulum usually brown; ascospores ptate to muriform, fusiform-ellipsoid to oblong-cylindrical, with slightly thickened pta and subdistoptate, hyaline to rarely brown, non-amyloid ascospores; the chemistry of Astrochapsa is frequently stictic acid group substances or no substances.
Astrochapsa pudophlyctis (Nyl.) Parnmen, Lücking & Lumbsch, PLoS ONE 7(12): e51392, 9 (2012). (Fig. 1: A–D)
≡ Graphis pudophlyctis Nyl., in Hue, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., Paris, 3 sér. 3: 163 (1891).
≡ Graphina pudophlyctis (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Denk- schr. Kairl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 83: 110 (1909)
≡ Chapsa pudophlyctis (Nyl.) Frisch, Biblthca Lichenol. 92: 120 (2006).
Thallus crusto, yellow or brown, continuous, slight uneven, slightly glossy; upper surface compact or slightly mealy. Apothecia erumpent or immerd, angular rounded to irregular in outline, 0.25–0.35 mm in diam, margin raid but often eroded, jagged to usually lobed; disc brownish, expod, u
sually pruino; proper margin dark brown, fissured and recurved, striated. Excipulum abnt, not carbonized, 7–10 µm thick; epithecium dark brown, 12–20 µm thick; hymenium clear, limpid, 100–125 µm high; asci clavate to fusiform, 65–110 µm×18–30 µm; asco- spores 2–6/ascus, fusiform, hyaline, muriform, 10–14×4–6 loculate, thick-walled, halonate, 30–75 µm× 10–25 µm, I-; paraphys simple, straight, unbranched, about 30 µm in length, tips expanded and adsperd with brownish granules.
Chemistry:K-, C- and P-; no lichen componds detected by TLC.
Substrate:On rock.
Distribution:Africa (Sierra Leone, Mozambique); America (French Guiana, Brazil); Asia (Malesia, Thailand, India)[21–22]. New to China.
Specimens examined:CHINA. Yunnan, Xinping County, Mt. Mopanshan, alt. 2 420 m, 20 Dec. 2008, L.S. Wang 08-29821 (KUN-L).
Remarks: The species is characterized by its pale-olive thallus lacking condary compounds, pale brown apothecial disc, distinctly white pruino, round to angular apothecia with fissured and recurv
ed margins, and hyaline muriform ascospores. It is similar to Chapsa indica A. Massal.and C. leprocarpa (Nyl.) A. Frisch in having ecorticate brownish to olive-grey thallus, rounded to angular apothecia and pruino disc, but C. indica can be distinguished by
第1期 巨延虎等: 中国星裂衣属二新记录种
89
Fig. 1 Astrochapsa pudophlyctis (08-29821, KUN-L) (A -D) and A. zahlbruckneri (HN19100, LCUF) (E -H). A, E: Thallus (Bar =1 mm); B, F: Ascomata (Bar =100 µm); C: Hymenium with asci (Bar =50 µm); D, H: Ascospore (Bars: D=20 µm, H=50 µm); G: Hymenium with 2-spored asci (Bar =50 µm).
the transverly ptate ascospores, and C. leprocarpa consistently bearing a single larger ascospore in the asci [13,22]. The substrate of A . pudophlyctis was bark as previously reported [21–22], but the specimen examined in this study was collected on the rock. The species is actually more like Pudochapsa in disc and asco- spores, and it has ever been listed as P . pudophly- ctis by Papong et al. in the FIELD GUIDES ( fieldguides.fieldmuum/guides/guide/545, 2013), we also suggest that this species should be introduced into the genus Pudochapsa and as synonym as P . pudophlyctis in the future bad on the weakly recurved margin of apothecia and fusiform ascospores with thickened pta and rounded lumina. Becau of the lack of its molecular data, let’s do this name under genus Chapsa for the moment.
Astrochapsa zahlbruckneri (Redinger) Parnmen, Lücking & Lumbsch, PLoS ONE 7(12): e51392, 9 (2012). (Fig. 1: E –H)
≡ Phaeographina zahlbruckneri Redinger, Ark. Bot. 26A (1): 93 (1934).
≡ Chapsa zahlbruckneri (Redinger) Frisch, Biblioth. Lichenol. 92: 123 (2006).
Thallus corticolous, crusto, usually grey-olive
to brownish-olive, continuous; upper surface compact and slightly uneven to verruco, weakly splitting, a thin white medullary layer usually prent. Apothecia disperd, angular-rounded to elongate, sometimes irregular in outline, simple or sometimes branched, 0.8–2.1 mm×0.45–0.65 mm; margin thick, strongly raid, jagged to typically lobed, upright to recurved, with a compact, white inner surface. Disc partly expod with slightly lobulate margin, white pruino. Epithecium dark brown, 35–50 µm thick, carbonized at both ends and bottom; hymenium 130–160 µm high, limpid, non-amyloid; asci clavate, colorless, 120– 150 µm×25–35 µm; ascospores 1–2/ascus, hyaline or slightly brownish, denly muriform, 55–90 µm× 22–28 µm, with rounded ends and a narrow halo, I-; para- phys parallel, straight, simple to sparingly branched in the upper half, tops slightly thickened. Chemistry : K+ yellow, C -, P+ orange; containing stictic acid by TLC.
Substrate : On bark.
Distribution : Africa (Cameroon); Southern America (Brazil); Asia (Thailand)[21]. New to China. Specimens examined : CHINA. Hainan, Chang- jiang County, Bawangling National Rerve, alt. 490
m, 8 Dec. 2019, Y . H. Ju HN19100 (LCUF).
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Remarks: The species is characterized by its grey-olive to brownish-olive thallus, clear hymenium, usually white pruino apothecial disc, 1–2(–4)- spored asci, hyaline ascospores in various size (usually 62–95 µm×25–27 μm), and prence of stictic acid. It is similar to A. mastersonii in thallus, hymenium and ascomata, but the latter species has longer and much narrower ascospores (90–130 µm×17–25 μm)[8].
少年阿凡提
Acknowledgments We are grateful to Prof. Li-song Wang (Kunming Institute of Botany, Chine Academy of Science) for providing the lichen materials.
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