2019上海高考英语考纲词汇新变化（详解版）
（说明：黄色字体代表新增加的词汇及新语义；蓝色字体代表语义新变化；红色字体代表语义已删除。）
1. about
prep. 关于；在……周围；在……各处；在……附近；（时间上）在……前后（或左右）
ad.在四周；到处
2. allowance n. 津贴，补贴；零用钱
Many children first learn the value of money by receiving an allowance.（2013嘉定一模）
很多孩子首先通过领取津贴来学习金钱的价值。蚬壳胃散大陆为何禁售
3. alphabet n.（一种语言的）全部字母，字母表；初步，入门；基础知识
V lies in U and W in the English alphabet.
在英语字母表中，V位于U与W之间。
4. annual a. 每年的；年度的 n. 年刊
She will help Wendy prepare her annual report.
她将帮助温迪准备她的年度报告。（2017普陀一模）
鹌鹑蛋要煮多久
King's College Summer School is an annual training program for high school students at all levels who want to improve their English.
国王学院暑期学校是一项针对各级高中生，希望提高英语水平的年度培训课程。(2017金山中学)
5. anymore ad.再也（不），（不）再
He noticed that he didn’t think about smoking anymore.
他注意到他不再考虑吸烟了。小酥肉的正宗做法(2016徐汇区二模)
You won't have any excu to skip class anymore.
你不会有任何理由再逃课了。(2018奉贤二模)
6. app
n.（下载到智能手机或平板电脑等设备上使用的）应用软件；应用程序（application的缩略）
You may be surprid by how much you dish out on Starbucks after using the app for a w
hile.
在使用该应用程序一段时间后，您可能会惊讶地发现星巴克的菜肴数量。(2018徐汇一模)
晏怎么读音7. applaud
vt. 向…鼓掌；向……喝彩；称赞
vi. 鼓掌；喝彩
8. appliance n. 器具；器械新股发行
They will be able to collect real-time information on their energy u for each appliance.
他们将能够收集有关每个器械的能源使用情况的实时信息。（2013闵行二模）
9. application
n. 应用；申请（表）；（计）应用程序
I was actually hoping you could write me a reference letter for my law school application.
我实际上希望你能给我写一封我的法学院申请的推荐信。（2017崇明一模）
The robotic fly has been put into wide application.
机器人飞行已被广泛应用。(2013上海高考)
10. arou
vt. 唤醒；引起；使……奋发；使……行动起来
vi. 醒来；发奋
Welcome to a never-before-en world of wonder where you can arou the magical dream within your heart.
欢迎来到一个前所未有的奇迹世界，在这里您可以唤起内心的神奇梦想。（2017虹口一模）
But I strongly support this kind of activity which may arou people's concern about the environment by using less power.
但我强烈支持这种可能会通过减少用电来引起人们对环境的关注的活动。
（2011普陀二模）
11. arrive vi. 到达；到来；达成东南亚旅游(at)
Too many studies test too few subjects to arrive at firm conclusions.
太多的研究测试的受试者太少，无法得出确切的结论。（2018徐汇二模）
12. awake
a. 醒着的；意识到的；认识到的(to)
vi. 醒；觉醒
vt. 唤醒；使觉醒
Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning.
也许保持大脑的一侧清醒可以使睡眠动物偶尔浮出水面以避免溺水。
（2011交大附中）
13. awaken
vt. 唤醒；使意识到；认识到的(to)
vi. 醒；觉醒；意识到；认识到(to)
Not only does traveling force you to awaken your inner word bank, but it also teaches you about the large number of cultural quirks.
旅行不仅强迫你认识到你内心文字库，而且它还教你大量文化怪癖。（2017复旦附中）
We suddenly 关于诚信的词语awakened to the realization that our friendship was over.
我们突然意识到我们的友谊结束了。
14．background
n. 背景；背景资料；出身背景
Success does not depend on family background, but depends on diligence and good fami
ly education.
成功不取决于家庭背景，而是取决于勤奋和良好的家庭教育。（2017七宝中学）
15. bargain
n. 协定,协议；特价商品；交易；廉价（品）
vi. 讨价，讨价还价
The cost of tuition and the availability of financial aid are other considerations, with public institutions generally a better financial bargain than private ones.
学费和经济援助的可用性是其他考虑因素，公共机构通常比私人机构更便宜。
（2015闵行一模）
团员
16. bed n. 床；就寝时间；（河）床；（湖、海的）底
Your mind may start to connect your bed with work, which will make it harder for you to fall asleep.
你的思绪可能会开始将你的床与工作连接起来，这将使你更难入睡。
（2012宝山一模）
17. behalf
n. 利益；方面；支持
on behalf of 代表......一方；作为......的代言人；为了......的利益
Many adults in counling ssions still recall with gratitude the one time that a stranger s
tepped in on their behalf…
咨询会议中的许多成年人仍然感激地回忆起一个陌生人进来代表他们…（2018徐汇一模）
MPAA is a nonprofit organization formed by six large studios to work on behalf of the film industry.
MPAA是由六家大型工作室组成的非营利组织，代表电影业工作。（2015黄浦一模）
18. behave
vi. 举止端正；表现
vt. (∽ onelf)检点（自己的）行为
Parents must provide the best environment and behave themlves better.
父母必须提供最好的环境，让自己更好地行事。（2010十校联考）
19. bonus
n. 额外给予的东西；奖金；津贴
I have found that having male nurs is a real bonus, and they definitely have a place in our hospital.
