Ansible--配置⽂件及系列命令
Ansible⽬录结构
安装完成ansible后要知道ansible主要安装的了什么，安装的⽬录结构是什么，每个⽬录做什么的
可以使⽤：rpm -ql ansible | less 来查看ansible安装的所有路径
输出的⽬录⽐较多，主要分为下⾯⼏类：
配置⽂件⽬录： /etc/ansible
执⾏⽂件⽬录： /usr/bin
lib库依赖⽬录：/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ansible
help⽂档⽬录：/usr/share/doc/ansible-2.7.5
man⽂档⽬录：/usr/share/man/man1/
Ansible配置⽂件
对于ansible的配置⽂件，其实没有过多的要了解的，因为ansible默认的配置⽂件就是挺适合⽇常使⽤的了，⼀般情况下不需要进⾏过多的修改ansible的配置⽂件在安装完成ansible后的 /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg ⽂件
默认配置⽂件如下:
# config file for ansible -- /
# ===============================================
# nearly all parameters can be overridden in ansible-playbook
# or with command line flags. ansible will read ANSIBLE_CONFIG,
# ansible.cfg in the current working directory, .ansible.cfg in
# the home directory or /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg, whichever it
# finds first
[defaults]
# some basic
#inventory = /etc/ansible/hosts
#library = /usr/share/my_modules/
#module_utils = /usr/share/my_module_utils/
#remote_tmp = ~/.ansible/tmp
#local_tmp = ~/.ansible/tmp
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#plugin_filters_cfg = /etc/ansible/l
#forks = 5
#poll_interval = 15
#sudo_ur = root
#ask_sudo_pass = True
#ask_pass = True
#transport = smart
#remote_port = 22
#module_lang = C
#module_t_locale = Fal
# plays will gather facts by default, which contain information about忠孝廉耻勇
# the remote system.
#
# smart - gather by default, but don't regather if already gathered
# implicit - gather by default, turn off with gather_facts: Fal
# explicit - do not gather by default, must say gather_facts: True
#gathering = implicit
# This only affects the gathering done by a play's gather_facts directive,
# by default gathering retrieves all facts subts
# all - gather all subts
# network - gather min and network facts
# hardware - gather hardware facts (longest facts to retrieve)
# virtual - gather min and virtual facts
# facter - import facts from facter
# ohai - import facts from ohai
# You can combine them using comma (ex: network,virtual)
# You can negate them using ! (ex: !hardware,!facter,!ohai)
# A minimal t of facts is always gathered.
#gather_subt = all
# some hardware related facts are collected
# with a maximum timeout of 10 conds. This
# option lets you increa or decrea that
# timeout to something more suitable for the
# environment.
# gather_timeout = 10
# Ansible facts are available inside the ansible_facts.* dictionary
# namespace. This tting maintains the behaviour which was the default prior
# to 2.5, duplicating the variables into the main namespace, each with a
# prefix of 'ansible_'.
# This variable is t to True by default for backwards compatibility. It
# will be changed to a default of 'Fal'in a future relea.
# ansible_facts.
# inject_facts_as_vars = True
# additional paths to arch for roles in, colon parated
#roles_path = /etc/ansible/roles
# uncomment this to disable SSH key host checking
#host_key_checking = Fal
# change the default callback, you can only have one 'stdout' type enabled at a time.
#stdout_callback = skippy
## Ansible ships with some plugins that require whitelisting,
## this is done to avoid running all of a type by default.
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## The tting lists tho that you want enabled for your system.
## Custom plugins should not need this unless plugin author specifies it.
# enable callback plugins, they can output to stdout but cannot be 'stdout' type.
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#callback_whitelist = timer, mail
# Determine whether includes in tasks and handlers are "static" by
# default. As of 2.0, includes are dynamic by default. Setting the
# values to True will make includes behave more like they did in the
# 1.x versions.
#task_includes_static = Fal
#handler_includes_static = Fal
# Controls if a missing handler for a notification event is an error or a warning
#error_on_missing_handler = True
# change this for alternative sudo implementations
#sudo_exe = sudo
# What flags to pass to sudo
# WARNING: leaving out the defaults might create unexpected behaviours
#sudo_flags = -H -S -n
# SSH timeout
#timeout = 10
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# default ur to u for playbooks if ur is not specified
# (/usr/bin/ansible will u current ur as default)
#remote_ur = root
# logging is off by default unless this path is defined
# if so defined, consider logrotate
#log_path = /var/log/ansible.log
# default module name for /usr/bin/ansible
#module_name = command
# u this shell for commands executed under sudo
# you may need to change this to bin/bash in rare instances
# if sudo is constrained
#executable = /bin/sh
# if inventory variables overlap, does the higher precedence one win
# or are hash values merged together? The default is 'replace' but
# this can also be t to 'merge'.
#hash_behaviour = replace
# by default, variables from roles will be visible in the global variable
# scope. To prevent this, the following option can be enabled, and only
# tasks and handlers within the role will e the variables there
#private_role_vars = yes
# list any Jinja2 extensions to enable here:
#jinja2_extensions = i18n
# if t, always u this private key file for authentication, same as
# if passing --private-key to ansible or ansible-playbook
#private_key_file = /path/to/file
# If t, configures the path to the Vault password file as an alternative to
# specifying --vault-password-file on the command line.
#vault_password_file = /path/to/vault_password_file
# format of string {{ ansible_managed }} available within Jinja2
# templates indicates to urs editing templates files will be replaced.
# replacing {file}, {host} and {uid} and strftime codes with proper values.
#ansible_managed = Ansible managed: {file} modified on %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S by {uid} on {host} # {file}, {host}, {uid}, and the timestamp can all interfere with idempotence
# in some situations so the default is a static string:
#ansible_managed = Ansible managed
# by default, ansible-playbook will display "Skipping [host]"if it determines a task
# should not be run on a host. Set this to "Fal"if you don't want to e the "Skipping"
# messages. NOTE: the task header will still be shown regardless of whether or not the
# task is skipped.
#display_skipped_hosts = True
# by default, if a task in a playbook does not include a name: field then
# ansible-playbook will construct a header that includes the task's action but
# not the task's args. This is a curity feature becau ansible cannot know
# if the *module* considers an argument to be no_log at the time that the
# header is printed. If your environment doesn't have a problem curing
# stdout from ansible-playbook (or you have manually specified no_log in your
# playbook on all of the tasks where you have cret information) then you can
# safely t this to True to get more informative messages.
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#display_args_to_stdout = Fal
# by default (as of 1.3), Ansible will rai errors when attempting to dereference
# Jinja2 variables that are not t in templates or action lines. Uncomment this line
# to revert the behavior to pre-1.3.
#error_on_undefined_vars = Fal
# by default (as of 1.6), Ansible may display warnings bad on the configuration of the
# system running ansible itlf. This may include warnings about 3rd party packages or
# other conditions that should be resolved if possible.
# to disable the warnings, t the following value to Fal:
#system_warnings = True
# by default (as of 1.4), Ansible may display deprecation warnings for language
# features that should no longer be ud and will be removed in future versions.
# to disable the warnings, t the following value to Fal:
#deprecation_warnings = True
# (as of 1.8), Ansible can optionally warn when usage of the shell and
# command module appear to be simplified by using a default Ansible module
# instead. The warnings can be silenced by adjusting the following
牛肉炒米粉# tting or adding warn=yes or warn=no to the end of the command line
# parameter string. This will for example suggest using the git module
# instead of shelling out to the git command.
# command_warnings = Fal
# t plugin path directories here, parate with colons
#action_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/action
#cache_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/cache
#callback_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/callback
#connection_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/connection
#lookup_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/lookup
#inventory_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/inventory
#vars_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/vars
#filter_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/filter
#test_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/test
#terminal_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/terminal
#strategy_plugins = /usr/share/ansible/plugins/strategy
# by default, ansible will u the 'linear' strategy but you may want to try
# another one
#strategy = free
# by default callbacks are not loaded for /bin/ansible, enable this if you
# want, for example, a notification or logging callback to also apply to
# /bin/ansible runs
#bin_ansible_callbacks = Fal
# don't like cows? that's unfortunate.
# t to 1if you don't want cowsay support or export ANSIBLE_NOCOWS=1
#nocows = 1
# t which cowsay stencil you'd like to u by default. When t to 'random',
# a random stencil will be lected for each task. The lection will be filtered
# against the `cow_whitelist` option below.
#cow_lection = default
#cow_lection = random
# when using the 'random' option for cowsay, stencils will be restricted to this list.
# it should be formatted as a comma-parated list with no spaces between names.
# NOTE: line continuations here are for formatting purpos only, as the INI parr
# in python does not support them.
#cow_whitelist=bud-frogs,bunny,chee,daemon,default,dragon,elephant-in-snake,elephant,eyes,\ # hellokitty,kitty,luke-koala,meow,milk,moofasa,moo,ren,sheep,small,stegosaurus,\ # stimpy,supermilker,three-eyes,turkey,turtle,tux,udder,vader-koala,vader,www
# don't like colors either?
# t to 1if you don't want colors, or export ANSIBLE_NOCOLOR=1
#nocolor = 1
# if t to a persistent type (not 'memory', for example 'redis') fact values
# from previous runs in Ansible will be stored. This may be uful when
# wanting to u, for example, IP information from one group of rvers
# without having to talk to them in the same playbook run to get their
# current IP information.
#fact_caching = memory
#This option tells Ansible where to cache facts. The value is plugin dependent.
#For the jsonfile plugin, it should be a path to a local directory.
#For the redis plugin, the value is a host:port:databa triplet: fact_caching_connection = localhost:6379:0 #fact_caching_connection=/tmp
# retry files
# When a playbook fails by default a .retry file will be created in ~/
# You can disable this feature by tting retry_files_enabled to Fal
# and you can change the location of the files by tting retry_files_save_path
#retry_files_enabled = Fal
#retry_files_save_path = ~/.ansible-retry
# squash actions
# Ansible can optimi actions that call modules with list parameters
# when looping. Instead of calling the module once per with_ item, the
# module is called once with all items at once. Currently this only works
# under limited circumstances, and only with parameters named 'name'.
#squash_actions = apk,apt,dnf,homebrew,pacman,pkgng,yum,zypper
# prevents logging of task data, off by default
#no_log = Fal
# prevents logging of tasks, but only on the targets, data is still logged on the master/controller
#no_target_syslog = Fal
# controls whether Ansible will rai an error or warning if a task has no
# choice but to create world readable temporary files to execute a module on
# the remote machine. This option is Fal by default for curity. Urs may
# turn this on to have behaviour more like Ansible prior to See
# /ansible/become.html#becoming-an-unprivileged-ur
# for more cure ways to fix this than enabling this option.
#allow_world_readable_tmpfiles = Fal
# controls the compression level of variables nt to
# worker process. At the default of 0, no compression
# is ud. This value must be an integer from 0 to 9.
#var_compression_level = 9
# controls what compression method is ud for new-style ansible modules when
# they are nt to the remote system. The compression types depend on having
# support compiled into both the controller's python and the client's python.
# The names should match with the python Zipfile compression types:
# * ZIP_STORED (no compression. available everywhere)
# * ZIP_DEFLATED (us zlib, the default)
# The values may be t per host via the ansible_module_compression inventory
# variable
#module_compression = 'ZIP_DEFLATED'
# This controls the cutoff point (in bytes) on --diff for files
# t to 0for unlimited (RAM may suffer!).
#max_diff_size = 1048576
# This controls how ansible handles multiple --tags and --skip-tags arguments
# on the CLI. If this is True then multiple arguments are merged together. If
# it is Fal, then the last specified argument is ud and the others are ignored.
# This option will be removed in2.8.
#merge_multiple_cli_flags = True
# Controls showing custom stats at the end, off by default
#show_custom_stats = True
# Controls which files to ignore when using a directory as inventory with
# possibly multiple sources (both static and dynamic)
#inventory_ignore_extensions = ~, .orig, .bak, .ini, .cfg, .retry, .pyc, .pyo
# This family of modules u an alternative execution path optimized for network appliances
# only update this tting if you know how this works, otherwi it can break module execution
#network_group_modules=eos, nxos, ios, iosxr, junos, vyos
# When enabled, this option allows lookups (via variables like {{lookup('foo')}} or when ud as
# a loop with `with_foo`) to return data that is not marked "unsafe". This means the data may contain
# jinja2 templating language which will be run through the templating engine.
# ENABLING THIS COULD BE A SECURITY RISK
#allow_unsafe_lookups = Fal
# t default errors for all plays
#any_errors_fatal = Fal
[inventory]
# enable inventory plugins, default: 'host_list', 'script', 'yaml', 'ini', 'auto'
#enable_plugins = host_list, virtualbox, yaml, constructed
# ignore the extensions when parsing a directory as inventory source
#ignore_extensions = .pyc, .pyo, .swp, .bak, ~, .rpm, .md, .txt, ~, .orig, .ini, .cfg, .retry
# ignore files matching the patterns when parsing a directory as inventory source
#ignore_patterns=
# If 'true' unpard inventory sources become fatal errors, they are warnings otherwi.
#unpard_is_failed=Fal
[privilege_escalation]
#become=True
#become_method=sudo
#become_ur=root
#become_ask_pass=Fal
[paramiko_connection]
# uncomment this line to cau the paramiko connection plugin to not record new host
# keys encountered. Increas performance on new host additions. Setting works independently of the # host key checking tting above.
#record_host_keys=Fal
# by default, Ansible requests a pudo-terminal for commands executed under sudo. Uncomment this # line to disable this behaviour.
#pty=Fal
# paramiko will default to looking for SSH keys initially when trying to
# authenticate to remote devices. This is a problem for some network devices
# that clo the connection after a key failure. Uncomment this line to
# disable the Paramiko look for keys function
#look_for_keys = Fal
# When using persistent connections with Paramiko, the connection runs in a
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# background process. If the host doesn't already have a valid SSH key, by
# default Ansible will prompt to add the host key. This will cau connections
# running in background process to fail. Uncomment this line to have
# Paramiko automatically add host keys.
#host_key_auto_add = True
[ssh_connection]
# ssh arguments to u
# Leaving off ControlPersist will result in poor performance, so u
# paramiko on older platforms rather than removing it, -C controls compression u
#ssh_args = -C -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s
# The ba directory for the ControlPath sockets.
# This is the "%(directory)s"in the control_path option
#
# Example:
# control_path_dir = /tmp/.ansible/cp
#control_path_dir = ~/.ansible/cp
# The path to u for the ControlPath sockets. This defaults to a hashed string of the hostname,
# port and urname (empty string in the config). The hash mitigates a common problem urs
# found with long hostames and the conventional %(directory)s/ansible-ssh-%%h-%%p-%%r format.
# In tho cas, a "too long for Unix domain socket"ssh error would occur.
#
# Example:
# control_path = %(directory)s/%%h-%%r
#control_path =
# Enabling pipelining reduces the number of SSH operations required to
# execute a module on the remote rver. This can result in a significant
# performance improvement when enabled, however when using "sudo:" you must
# first disable 'requiretty'in /etc/sudoers
#
# By default, this option is disabled to prerve compatibility with
# sudoers configurations that have requiretty (the default on many distros).
#
#pipelining = Fal
# Control the mechanism for transferring files (old)
# * smart = try sftp and then try scp [default]
# * True = u scp only
# * Fal = u sftp only
#scp_if_ssh = smart
# Control the mechanism for transferring files (new)
# If t, this will override the scp_if_ssh option
# * sftp = u sftp to transfer files
# * scp = u scp to transfer files
