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global warming, the gradual increa of the temperature of the earth’s lower atmosphere as a result of the increa in greenhou gas since the Industrial revolution.
The temperature of the atmosphere near the earth’s surface i s warmed through a natural process called the greenhou effect. Visible, shortwave light comes from the sun to the earth, passing unimpeded through a blanket of thermal, or greenhou, gas compod largely of water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Infrared radiation reflects off the planet’s surface toward space but does not easily pass through the thermal blanket. Some of it is trapped and reflected downward, keeping the planet at an average temperature suitable to life, about 60°F (16°c).
全球变暖英语演讲稿Growth in industry, agriculture, and transportation since the Industrial revolution has produced additional quantities of the natural greenhou gas plus chlorofluorocarbons and other gas, augmenting the thermal blanket. It is generally accepted that this increa in the quantity of greenhou gas is trapping more heat and increasing global temperatures, making a process that has been
beneficial to life potentially disruptive and harmful. during the past century, the atmospheric temperature has rin 1.1°F (0.6°c), and a level has rin veral inches. Some projected, longer-term results of global warming include melting of polar ice, with a resulting ri in a level and coastal flooding; disruption of drinking water supplies dependent on snow melts; profound changes in agriculture due to climate change; extinction of species as ecological niches disappear; more frequent tropical storms; and an incread incidence of tropical dias.
国家放假安排among factors that may be contributing to global warming are the burning of coal and petroleum products (sources of carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone); deforestation, which increas the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere; methane gas relead in animal waste; and incread cattle production, which contributes to deforestation, methane production, and u of fossil fuels.丁宁发球
much of the debate surrounding global warming has centered on the accuracy of scientific predictions concerning future warming. To predict global climatic trends, climatologists accumulate large historical databas and u them to create computerized models that simulate the earth’s climate. The validity of the models has been a subject of controversy. Skeptics say that the climate is too complicated to be
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accurately modeled, and that there are too many unknowns. Some also question whether the obrved climate changes might simply reprent normal fluctuations in global temperature. Nonetheless, for some time there has been general agreement that at least part of the obrved warming is the result of human activity, and that the problem needs to be addresd. In 1992, at the United Nations conference on Environment and development, over 150 nations signed a binding declaration on the need to reduce global warming.
In 1994, however, a UN scientific advisory panel, the Intergovernmental Panel on climate change, concluded that reductions beyond tho envisioned by the treaty would be needed to avoid global warming. The following year, the advisory panel forecast a ri in global temperature of from 1.44 to 6.3°F (0.8–3.5°c) by 2100 if no action is taken to cut down on the production of greenhou gas, and a ri of from 1 to 3.6°F (0.5–2°c) even if action is taken (becau of already relead gas that will persist in the atmosphere).
a UN conference on climate change, held in Kyoto, Japan, in 1997 resulted in an international agreement to fight global warming, which called for reductions in emissions of greenhou gas by industrialized nations. Not all industrial countries, however, immediately signed or
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当今时代主题ratified the accord. In 2001 the G. w. Bush administration announced it would abandon the Kyoto Protocol; becau the United States produces about one quarter of the world’s greenhou ga s, this was regarded as a vere blow to the effort to slow global warming. despite the american move, most other nations agreed later in the year (in Bonn, Germany, and in marrakech, morocco) on the details necessary to convert the agreement into a binding international treaty, which came into force in 2005 after ratification by more than 125 nations.
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Improved automobile mileage, reforestation projects, energy efficiency in construction, and national support for mass transit are among relatively simpler adjustments that could significantly lower U.S. production of greenhou gas. more aggressive adjustments include a gradual worldwide shift away from the u of fossil fuels, the elimination of chlorofluorocarbons, and the slowing of deforestation by restructuring the economies of developing nations. In 2002 the Bush administration propod veral voluntary measures for slowing the increa in, instead of reducing, emissions of greenhous gas
