TOEFL托福阅读理解真题
红日作者 为了让大家更好的预备托福考试，我给大家整理一些托福阅读真题，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。
托福阅读真题1
It is estimated that over 99 percent of all species that ever existed have become extinct. What caus extinction? When a species is no longer adapted to a changed environment, it may perish. The exact caus of a species death vary from situation to situation. Rapid ecological change may render an environment hostile to a species. For example, temperatures may change and a species may not be able to adapt. Food resources may be affected by environmental changes, which will then cau problems for a species requiring the resources. Other species may become better adapted to an environment, resulting in competition and, ultimately, in the death of a species.
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The fossil record reveals that extinction has occurred throughout the history of Earth. Re
cent analys have also revealed that on some occasions many species became extinct at the same time — a mass extinction. One of the best-known examples of mass extinction occurred 65 million years ago with the demi of dinosaurs and many other forms of life. Perhaps the largest mass extinction was the one that occurred 225 million years ago, when approximately 95 percent of all species died, mass extinctions can be caud by a relatively rapid change in the environment and can be worned by the clo interrelationship of many species. If, for example, something were to happen to destroy much of the plankton in the oceans, then the oxygen content of Earth would drop, affection even organisms not living in the oceans. Such a change would probably lead to a mass extinction.
One interesting, and controversial, finding is that extinctions during the past 250 million years have tended to be more inten every 26 million years. This periodic extinction might be due to interction of the Earths orbit with a cloud of comets, but this theory is purely speculative. Some rearchers have also speculated that extinction may often be random. That is, certain species may be eliminated and others may survive for no particul
ar reason. A species survival may have nothing to do with its ability or inability to adapt. If so, some of evolutionary history may reflect a quence of esntially random events.
1. The word it in line 3 refers to
(A) environment
(B) species
(C) extinction
(D) 99 percent
2. The word ultimately in line 8 is clost in meaning to
(A) exceptionally
(B) dramatically
(C) eventually
(D) unfortunately
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3. What does the author say in paragraph 1 regarding most species in Earths history
(A) They have remained basically unchanged from their original forms.
(B) They have been able to adapt to ecological changes.
(C) They have caud rapid change in the environment.
(D) They are no longer in existence.
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4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as resulting from rapid ecological
change?
(A) Temperature changes
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(B) Availability of food resources
将仕郎 (C) Introduction of new species
(D) Competition among species
5. The word demi in line 12 is clost in meaning to
(A) change
(B) recovery
(C) help
(D) death
6. Why is plankton mentioned in line 17?
(A) To demonstrate the interdependence of different species.
(B) To emphasize the importance of food resources in preventing mass extinction.
(C) To illustrate a comparison between organisms that live on the land and tho that live in the
ocean.
(D) To point out that certain species could never become extinct.
7. According to paragraph 2, evidence from fossils suggests that
(A) Extinction of species has occurred from time to time throughout Earths history.
(B) Extinctions on Earth have generally been massive
(C) There has been only one mass extinction in Earths history.
(D) Dinosaurs became extinct much earlier than scientists originally believed.
8. The word finding in line 20 is clost in meaning to
音乐歌词 (A) published information
(B) rearch method
(C) ongoing experiment
(D) scientific discovery
9. Which of the following can be inferred about the theory mentioned in Line 21-23?
(A) Many scientists could be expected to disagree with it.
(B) Evidence to support the theory has recently been found.
(C) The theory is no longer riously considered.
(D) Most scientists believe the theory to be accurate.
10. In paragraph 3, the author makes which of the following statements about a species survival?
(A) It reflects the interrelationship of many species.
(B) It may depend on chance events.
(C) It does not vary greatly from species to species
(D) It is associated with astronomical conditions.
11. According to the passage , it is believed that the largest extinction of a species occurred 坐标标注
(A) 26 million years ago
