北京外国语大学考博英语真题摘录Section I U of English
Directions:
Read the following text.Choo the best word(s)for each numbered
blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10points)
Rearch on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how
smart humans are.1the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl
Zimmer’s piece in the Science Times on Tuesday.Fruit flies who were
taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly2to live shorter lives.
This suggests that3bulbs burn longer,that there is an4in not being
头像帅气too terrifically bright.
Intelligence,it5out,is a high-priced option.It takes more空调如何拆卸
upkeep,burns more fuel and is slow6the starting line becau it
depends on learning—a gradual7—instead of instinct.Plenty of
other species are able to learn,and one of the things they’ve
apparently learned is when to8.
（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537) Is there an adaptive value to9intelligence?That’s the question
behind this new rearch.I like it.Instead of casting a wistful
glance10at all the species we’ve left in the dust I.Q.-wi,it
implicitly asks what the real11of our own intelligence might be.
This is12the mind of every animal I’ve ever met.
评标专家和评标专家库管理暂行办法Rearch on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what
experiments animals would13on humans if they had the chance.Every
cat with an owner,14,is running a small-scale study in operant
conditioning.we believe that15animals ran the labs,they would test us to16the limits of our patience,our faithfulness,our memory for terrain.They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really17,not merely how much of it there is.18,they would hope to study a19question:Are humans actually aware of the world they live in?20the results are inconclusive.
气象数据网1.[A]Suppo[B]Consider[C]Obrve[D]Imagine
2.[A]tended[B]feared[C]happened[D]threatened
3.[A]thinner[B]stabler[C]lighter[D]dimmer
4.[A]tendency[B]advantage[C]inclination[D]priority
5.[A]insists on[B]sums up[C]turns out[D]puts forward
6.[A]off[B]behind[C]over[D]along
7.[A]incredible[B]spontaneous[C]inevitable[D]gradual
8.[A]fight[B]doubt[C]stop[D]think
9.[A]invisible[B]limited[C]indefinite[D]different
10.[A]upward[B]forward[C]afterward[D]backward
11.[A]features[B]influences[C]results[D]costs
12.[A]outside[B]on[C]by[D]across
13.[A]deliver[B]carry[C]perform[D]apply
14.[A]by chance[B]in contrast[C]as usual[D]for instance
15.[A]if[B]unless[C]as[D]lest
巧克力16.[A]moderate[B]overcome[C]determine[D]reach
17.[A]at[B]for[C]after[D]with
18.[A]Above all[B]After all[C]However[D]Otherwi
19.[A]fundamental[B]comprehensive[C]equivalent[D]hostile
20.[A]By accident[B]In time[C]So far[D]Better still
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (40points)
Text1处女座女明星
Habits are a funny thing.We reach for them mindlessly,tting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine.“Not choice,but habit rules the unreflecting herd,”William Wordsworth said in the19th century.In the最火铃声
ever-changing21st century,even the word“habit”carries a negative connotation.
So it ems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation.But brain rearchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits,we create parallel synaptic paths,and even entirely new brain cells,that can jump our trains of thought onto new,innovative tracks.
But don’t bother trying to kill off old habits;once tho ruts of procedure are worn into the brain,they’re there to stay.Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourlves create parallel pathways that can bypass tho old roads.
“The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,”says Dawna Markova,author of“The Open Mind”and an executive change consultant for Professional Thinking Partners.“But we are taught instead to‘decide,’just as our president calls himlf‘the Decider.’”She adds,however,that“to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one.A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”
All of us work through problems in ways of which we’re unaware, she says.Rearchers in the late1960covered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically,procedurally,relationally(or collaboratively)and innovatively.At puberty,however,the
brain shuts down half of that capacity,prerving only tho modes of thought that have emed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.
The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure,meaning that few of us inherently u our innovative and collaborative modes of thought.“This breaks the major rule in the American belief system—that anyone can do anything,”explains M.J.Ryan,author of the2006book“This Year ”and Ms. Markova’s business partner.“That’s a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness.Knowing what you’re good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.”This is where developing new habits comes in.天狗吊
21.The view of Wordsworth habit is claimed by being.
[A]casual[B]familiar[C]mechanical[D]changeable.
22.The rearchers have discovered that the formation of habit can be.
[A]predicted[B]regulated[C]traced[D]guided
23.”ruts”(in line one,paragraph3)has clost meaning to.
[A]tracks[B]ries[C]characteristics[D]connections
24.Ms.Markova’s comments suggest that the practice of standardized testing?
[A]prevents new habits from being formed
[B]no longer emphasizes commonness
[C]maintains the inherent American thinking model
[D]complies with the American belief system
25.Ryan most probably agree that.
[A]ideas are born of a relaxing mind
[B]innovativeness could be taught
[C]decisiveness derives from fantastic ideas
[D]curiosity activates creative minds
Text2
It is a wi father that knows his own child,but today a man can boost his paternal(fatherly)wisdom–or at least confirm that he’s the kid’s dad.All he needs to do is shell our$30for paternity testing kit(PTK)at his local drugstore–and another$120to get the results.
More than60,000people have purchad the PTKs since they first
