American civil rights movement
有压迫，就有斗争。
There is oppression, there is struggle.
非洲黑人最初被引进美国，主要是在南方农场当农奴，以弥补当地劳动力短缺的问题。African blacks were initially introduced the United States, mainly in the south farm when rfs, to make up for the local labor shortage problem.
关于文明礼仪的手抄报理论上，林肯总统在1863年的解放宣言中，已经让他们获得了自由，在南北战争结束后，联邦军队占领南方期间，黑人曾获得解放宣言所赋予的平等权利。
In theory, President Lincoln's emancipation proclamation in 1863, has let them free, in the civil war ended, the union army during the occupation of the south, black won emancipation proclamation to give equal rights.
然而黑人因为穷困机教育程度低，为求经济上的生存，必须再度依靠白人雇用，特别是当联邦军队撤出南方后，黑人顿失联邦法律的保护，其地位又陷入类似美国内战前的状况。However black becau of poor machine education degree is low, for the sake of economic survival, we must rely o
n the white again employment, especially when the federal troops out of the south, black meal of federal law protection, its position in the American civil war and similar's condition before.
1896年，美国最高联邦法院作出“普莱西诉弗格森案”判决，确立对黑人采行“隔离但平等”措施的合法性时，无异于对南方黑人人权造成严重的打击，最高法院判决中有关“隔离”的部分被执行得十分彻底，但有关“平等”的部分则不然，导致南方出现更多种族隔离制度法令，甚至连在工厂、医院及军队都采取种族隔离制度。
In 1896, the United States supreme federal court to make a "universal lacy v. ferguson ca" judgment, establish the black adopt "parate but equal" measures of legitimacy, to the south is black human rights cau rious blow, the Supreme Court ruling on "isolation" part is executed very thoroughly, but the "equality" part is different, resulting in the south appear more gregation laws and decrees, and even in factories, hospitals and army were take gregation.
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由于一系列不平等的待遇，美国兴起了漫长的为民权而斗争的运动。
By a ries of unequal treatment, the ri of a long struggle for the civil rights movement.
美国黑人民权运动是现代非暴力运动的典型，在全世界被压迫阶级之中影响深远，它使人们看到可以通过合法的群众运动获得民主权利的可能，也使人看到世界必将走向民主平等的趋势。
滑行道
Black American civil rights movement is the modern nonviolent typical, in the world of the oppresd class far-reaching influence, it makes people e can through legal mass movement for democratic rights may, also make the person e the world will certainly to move towards
the trend of democratic equality.
斗争分为以下几个阶段：
Struggle is divided into the following stages:
1861年至1910年：为争取平等普选权而斗争
From 1861 to 1910: to fight for equality universal suffrage and struggle
1861年，美国内战爆发。
In 1861, the American civil war.
为了在内战中赢得胜利，林肯在1862年发布了著名的《解放黑人奴隶宣言》，黑人在法律上成为自由人。
In order to win victory in the civil war, Lincoln relead in 1862 the famous "the liberation of black slaves declaration, blacks in law become free.
内战结束之后，美国黑人开始了争取获得平等普选权的艰苦斗争。
After the civil war, American blacks began to get equal universal suffrage of hard struggle.
经过斗争，美国国会通过法案将自由权、公民权和选举权赋予黑人。
It is only through a struggle, the United States congress pasd a bill will liberty, citizenship, and the right to vote to black.
虽然各州还通过具体的选举附加条款对黑人参政加以限制，黑人仍无法取得与白人一样的平等地位，依然处处受到歧视，但是，这一时期仍然是美国黑人参政历史上具有里程碑意义的时代。
Although the states also through the specific election additional terms for blacks participating restrictions, blacks and whites still cannot be obtained as equal status, still everywhere receives discrimination, however, this period is still black American political history landmark age.
1911年至1950年：黑人的参政力量不断上升脚刹和手刹的区别
From 1911 to 1950: black participation rising power
从1911年到二战结束后，美国经济有了长足的发展，在此期间，黑人的经济地位也开始有所提高，出现了一批黑人中产阶级。
咸鱼干怎么做好吃
From 1911 to the end of world war ii, the U.S. economy has achieved great development, in the meantime, black economic status also began to improve, there was a group of black middle class.
在他们以及诸多黑人团体的推动下，黑人开始积极参与政治生活，他们的政治权利在这一时期得到了很大改善。
In them and many black community driven, blacks began to actively participate in political life, their political rights in this period has been improved greatly.
在富兰克林·罗斯福任总统期内（1933-1945），联邦政府任命了一大批黑人进入联邦各部门，担任全国青年黑人事务处、联邦内务部、联邦司法部处长或顾问的职务，黑人第一次被罗斯福称为“我们的黑人公民”。
In franklin Roovelt President period (1933-1945), the federal government appointed a large number of black into federal departments, as the national youth black affairs office, the federal depar
tment of the interior, the federal department of justice director or advirs, blacks was first Roovelt called "our black citizens".
杜鲁门接任总统后，不断敦促国会通过一揽子法案，包括尽快制定联邦反私刑法，设立公平就业委员会，制止州际交通公路上的种族隔离现象等，黑人在选举、教育等问题上的权益进一步扩大。
President Truman, constantly urged congress to pass legislation package, including formulated as soon as possible the federal rever private criminal law, t up fair employment committee, stop the interstate highway traffic on the racial gregation phenomenon, black in the election, education on issues such as the rights and interests of the further expand.
1951年至1970年：“我有一个梦！”
From 1951 to 1970: "I have a dream!"
上世纪五六十年代是美国黑人民权运动风起云涌的时代。
The s is the black civil rights movement of turbulent times.
这一时期，美国黑人在经济上处境艰难，而白人对黑人的歧视与隔离使得这一问题雪上加霜。
This period, the American black in the economy in difficulties, and white discrimination against the blacks and isolation makes this problem add insult to injury.
1954年美国联邦最高法院判定教育委员会种族隔离的学校违法，以及1955年阿拉巴马州蒙哥马利市黑人公民的全面罢乘事件，开启了美国民权运动的大幕，到上世纪60年代初，以美国民权运动领袖马丁·路德·金发表著名的演说《我有一个梦想》为标志，该运动达到了高潮。
In 1954 the United States federal Supreme Court decision education committee racial gregation school illegal, and 1955 Montgomery, Alabama black citizens "comprehensive by events, open the American civil rights movement unfolds, by the 1960 s, in the United States civil rights leader Martin Luther King published the famous speech" I have a dream "for mark, this movement was brought to a climax.
这场以非暴力的抗议行动为主要手段争取黑人民权的群众斗争，对美国黑人政治地位的进一步提高和唤醒黑人更积极地参与政治生活起到了重要的推动作用。
In the nonviolent protest action as the main means for black civil rights of mass struggle, the black American political further advancement of the status of black and awaken more actively involved in political life played an important role.
以1964年的《民权法》和1965年的《选举权法》为代表的一系列法令和法规的颁布使得事实上
的种族隔离制被废除，黑人的选举权进一步扩大。
In 1964 the Civil Rights Act in 1965 and the voting rights act "as a reprentative of a ries of laws and regulations promulgated by the fact that the racial gregation system was abolished, blacks the right to vote to further expand.
与此同时，黑人开始跻身于社会高层。
独角仙幼虫怎么养Meanwhile, blacks began to one of the nior society.
出现了第一位入阁的黑人罗伯特·韦弗，第一位黑人参议员爱德华·布鲁克和联邦最高法院首位黑人大法官瑟古德·马歇尔。
Appeared first said black Robert WeiFu, the first black nator Edward brock and federal Supreme Court justice the first black boxer eidur Marshall.
1971年至2008年：寻求真正的平等
From 1971 to 2008: ek real equality
上世纪70年代以来，压在美国黑人身上的法律上的不平等已经基本消除，美国黑人的参政进入了一个全新的时代，黑人政治意识增强，参政基础扩大，成就显著。
Since the 1970 s, the pressure in the United States black body legal inequality has been basically eliminated, the American black participation has entered a new era, black political consciousness enhancement, participating ba expanded, the significant achievements.
据不完全统计，自上世纪70年代以来，就任美国政府官员的黑人增加了6倍，达9000人。According to incomplete statistics, since the 1970 s, the U.S. government officials as black incread 6 times, up to 9000 people.
在美国政坛中先后出现了首位参加大选的黑人女议员雪莉·奇泽姆、两度竞争民主党总统候选人提名的民权运动领袖杰西·杰克逊牧师、上世纪马丁·路德·金在发表《我有一个梦想》90年代布什总统提名的黑人最高法院大法官克拉伦斯·托马斯、首位黑人参谋长联席会议主席科林·鲍威尔以及首位黑人女国务卿康多莉扎·赖斯等。
In the United States in politics has appeared in the general election the first black congresswoman Shirley odd ze's competition, twice the Democratic Party's presidential nomination civil rights leader Jes Jackson priests, the last century Martin Luther King in his "I have a dream" in the 90 s, Presid
ent bush nominated black Supreme Court justices clarence Thomas, the first black joint chiefs of staff chairman colin Powell and the first black female cretary of state condoleezza rice, etc.
民权运动的影响
5分钟竞聘演讲稿范文The influence of the civil rights movement
它不仅改变了美国黑人的命运，赋予了他们很大程度上的平等、自由和尊严，也深刻影响了所有美国人的生活与观念。
It not only changed the fate of black americans, gave them a great extent of equality, freedom and dignity, but also have a great influence on all American life and ideas.
具体来说，民权运动推动联邦政府实行铲除种族隔离制的改革，最终消灭了公开的白人至上主义，为黑人赢得民权。
Specifically, civil rights movement to promote the federal governments to eradicate racial gregation system reform, and ultimately destroyed open white supremacy, for black win the civil rights.
它把美国从一个容忍种族主义、歧视黑人的社会转变为一个不管肤色与种族，承认每一个公民的平等权利的社会，从而深深改变了民众的思想。
It is the United States from a tolerance racism and discrimination against blacks society into a regardless of color and race, admit that every citizens' equal rights society, thus deeply changed people's thought.
不仅如此，民权运动也激发了新时期美国社会的民主和自由斗争。
Not only that, civil rights movement also inspired new period American social democracy and freedom struggle.土蜂蜜十大功效
现代妇女运动、反战运动、新左派运动和其他族裔争取权利的斗争等都受到民权运动的推动和
The modern women's movement, anti-war movement, the new left movement and other ethnic its own struggle for rights, etc are subject to civil rights movement impetus and
