过去分词作定语和状语
过去分词有两个显著的特点，即：从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念，但是如果是不及物动词用作过去分词形式，则只表示时间上的过去，而没有被动意义。过去分词在句中通常可以作表语、补足语、定语或状语.
一、过去分词作定语
1. 过去分词作定语时，单个分词一般放在名词之前，分词短语放在名词之后。
Her job was to take care of the 讳莫如深wounded soldier .
We are doing our written exercis .
The machine run by the old worker is made in Shanghai.
过去分词作定语时, 它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
This will be the best novel of its kind 怎么分配磁盘空间ever written.
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Who were the so-called guests invited(= ) to your part last night?
新生儿落户注意：如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的不定代词或指示代词tho等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。
例如：
Is there anything unsolved?
There is nothing changed here since I left this town.
2. 表示情感的动词的过去分词
由表示情感或心理状态的动词的过去分词作定、语时，通常不可以修饰无生命物，有些过去分词已经完全形容词化，常见的这类过去分词有：disappointed, moved, interested, touched. surprid, shocked, puzzled, frightened等。
a frightened driver 吓坏了的司机
a disappointed girl 感到失望的女孩
3. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只表示动作的完成，而没有被动语态的意义。 如：
急性腰肌劳损 newly-arrived goods 新到的
fallen leaves 落叶
faded flowers 凋谢的花
练习：
1. What’s the language ___ in Germany?
A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak
2. Most of the artists ____ to the party were from South Africa.
A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited
3. The computer centre, ___ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened
4. The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written
二、过去分词作状语
香藤1.过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语应该和句子的主语保持一致。通常过去分词在句中可以作时间状语、原因状语、方式状语、伴随状语和让步状语等，而且可以与对应的状语从句进行句型转换。
1）过去分词做时间状语
1. When it is heated, ice will be changed into water.
When heated, ice will be changed into water.
2. When it is en under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed.
Seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape. 炖茄盒
2）过去分词作原因状语
1. Since/ As she was given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid.
5月6号Given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid.
2. Becau it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.
Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.
3）过去分词作条件或者假设状语
1.If they had been given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better.
Given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better.
2. Kept in refrigerator, the vegetables will remain fresh.
If they are kept in refrigerator, the vegetables will remain fresh.
4）过去分词作方式或伴随状语
1. The hunter left his hou, followed by his dog.
The hunter left his hou, and he was followed by his dog.
2. She sat by the window, lost in thought.
She sat by the window, and she was lost in thought.
lost 表示一种迷失心理状态
练习：
1. The Olympic Games, ___ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until 1912.
A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be playing
2. When _____ if she would request a ri, the actress said that money was not important.
A. asked B. asking C. having asked D. being asked
3. Yesterday I saw in the newspaper a teaching post _____ at a school clo to my home and I wanted to apply for it.
A. advertis B. advertising C. advertid D. to adverti
4. ____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player．
A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given
5. Mr Smith, ____ of the ____ speech, started to read a novel.
A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring
6. Unless ____ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited
7. When ____, the muum will be open to the public next year. 激情综合丁香
A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed
