Lesson one
1.Virtue is, indeed must be, lf-centered.(para4)
李聪颖正确的行动是，确实也必须是以自我为中心的。
By right action, we mean it must help promote personal interest.
2.The esntials are familiar: the poverty of the poor was the fault of the poor. And it was becau it was product of their excessive fecundity…..(para5)
他的基本观点为人熟知：穷人的贫穷是他们咎由自取，贫穷是热门过度生育的结果
The poverty of the poor was caud by their having too many children.
3.Poverty being caud in the bed meant that the rich were not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration. (para6)
贫穷源于过度生育意味着富人不应该为产生贫穷和解决贫穷承担责任
The rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they should not be asked to undertake the ta
sk of solving the problem.
4.It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God(para8)
这是自然规律和上帝的意志在起作用。
It is only the result or effect of the law of the survival of the fittest applied to nature or to human society.
5.It declined in popularity, and reference to it acquired a condemnatory tone.(para9)
然而在20世纪，人们认为社会学中的达尔文进化论有点过于残酷，遭到了普遍的质疑，人们提及它都带有谴责的口吻。
People began to reject Social Darwinism becau it emed to glorify brutal force and oppo treasured values of sympathy, love and friendship. Therefore, when it was mentioned, it was usually the target of criticism.
6.In recent years, however, it has become clear that the arch for a way of getting the poor off our conscience was not at an end; it was only suspended.(para11)
然而，最近几年，很显然我们又在试图寻求不为穷人的存在而内疚的办法．这种尝试并没有结束，而只是曾经中断过一段时间。
The desire to find a way to justify the unconcern for the poor had not been abandoned; it had only been put off.
7.In fact, we have in the United States an extraordinarily good public rvice one made up of talented and dedicated people who are overwhelmingly honest and only rarely given to overpaying for monkey wrenches, flashlights, coffee makers, and toilet ats(para13)
实际上，美国有非常优秀的公共服务队伍一支由富有才于和敬业精神的人组成的队伍，他们非常诚实，以致像出高价购实活动扳手、手电筒、咖啡壶以及马桶坐圈以获取回扣的情况及为罕见便的近义词
Government officials, on the whole, are good; it is very rare that some would pay high prices for office equipment to get kickbacks.
8.This is perhaps our most highly influential piece of fiction. (para15)
这种说法也许是我们最有影响的一个虚构故事。
It is a very popular story and has been accepted by many but it is not true.
9.Belief can be the rvant of truth--- but even more of convenience.(para16)
信念可以是真理的仆人，但更多的情况下只是一时之需。
Belief can be uful in the arch for truth. But more often than not it is accepted becau it is convenient and lf-rving.
10.George Gilder, a greatly favored figure of the recent past, who tells to much applau that the poor must have the cruel spur of their own suffering to ensure effort.(para20)
11.最近深受欢迎的乔治吉尔德在众人的支持声中宣称穷人应该承受一定的痛苦，才能受到激励而努力改变现状；
George Gilder advances the view that only when the poor suffer from great miry will they be stimulated to make great efforts to change the situation; in other words, suffering is necessary to force the poor to work hard.
Lesson two
1.But the marks of wild country called to my father like the legendary siren song.
可是正是这些特征，像希腊神话里海妖那动听的歌声一样，诱惑着爸爸。
腌肉Though the place was not pleasant and disagreeable to other people, they were the very things that fascinated my father---its unexplored, uncultivated natural state, and the challenge. The attractions were irresistible to my father, just like the legendary siren song to sailors.
2."I'm afraid the day's going to catch us," I explained, wondering what great disaster might befall us if it did.“我怕天就要黑了，”我解释到，心里想天真的黑了，会有什么样更大的灾难降临到我们头上。
As a little girl, I believed my father's words, and was genuinely afraid of the possible disaster--if we didn't hurry up, the day would catch us and terrible things might happen.
4.The stranglehold Watson had over this ction of Florida was not dissimilar to the unscrupulous ac
tivities of certain lawmen, other legal crooks, and even governors that our state was to suffer through its history.沃森在佛罗里达州这一地区的恶霸行为与我们在后来所遭受的某些执法者、法律骗子，甚至一些地方官员们的无耻行径毫无二致。立此存照
The control Watson had over this part of Florida was much similar to the dishonest or illegal activities of the law-enforcing officials and governors which Florida witnesd in the 20th century.
5. There was the little shack, not the most gracious of living quarters, and there was a murderer for our nearest and only neighbor, about thirty miles away. 小岛上有一个简陋的木屋，算不上很好的居住场所，唯一的近邻就是住在30英里外的杀人犯沃森。
Before the family built their own hou, they lived in a shabby cabin at Gopher Key, clo to the merciless Watson.
6.King Richard in his gluttony never sat at a table more sumptuous than ours was three times 即使是讲究美食的国王理查德也不可能像我们一样一日三餐吃着如此丰盛的野味。We had abundant food on the island, and even the meals enjoyed by King Richard, who was famous for his love of food, couldn't possibly compare with ours.
学骑自行车日记
7.Despite the unrelenting heat, we were happy to be let off from our hours of school indoors, ssions which our mother kept every day, rain or shine.尽管烈日当头，我们却很高兴不用在屋里上课；平时每天的这个时候，无论晴天还是下雨，妈妈都要给我们上课。
Although it was very hot outside in the sun, we were happy to be dismisd from my mother's ssions indoors. We would have to read and write with her every day no matter what the
weather was like.
Unit 3
1.Even droughts, floods and heat waves may become unwitting acts of man. (para2)
甚至干旱、洪水、热电波等都可能是人类的无心之过
What people do may unintentionally cau droughts, floods and heat waves.
2.But this image, now repeatedly thrust before us in photographs, posters, and advertiments, is misleading.(para4)
但这种曾无数次展现在我们面前的照片海报和广告上的景象都是误导
The Earth we e in photos, posters, and ads, which appears so beautiful, is not the true reflection of the world we live in.
3.The technosphere has become sufficiently large and inten to alter the natural process that govern the ecosphere.(para5)
如此庞大和强烈的技术圈已经改变了控制生态圈的自然进程
Human activities have taken place over such large areas and with such intensity that they have already caud disastrous effects on ecology.
4. ...which could establish itlf only becau it fitted properly into the preexisting system.(para6)但正因为鱼能适应这一业已存在的系统，它才得以立足。
The fish could play its role becau it became a necessary link with the process preceding it and the process following it in the ecological system.
5.Defined so narrowly, it is no surpri that cars have properties that are hostile to their environment.(para8)
若只为迎合买者和生产商汽车具有不利于环境的性能也就不足为奇了。
When cars are produced to rve such narrow purpos, it is not surprising that some of their characteristic qualities are harmful to the environment.
6.Yields ro, but not in proportion to the rate of (para9)
产量提高了，却与肥料投入量不成正比
The farmers applied more and more chemical fertilizer, but production did not increa at the same rate.
而它们的废物被冲送下水道，经处置后成分发生了改变但数量没有变化．
People, after digestion, excrete the waste which is flushed into the wer system. The wage goes to a treatment plant which modifies it, but it is still waste after being procesd. The waste does not reenter the life cycle but disturbs the natural process wherever it is dumped.
8. Left to their own devices, ecosystems (para12)
若生态小环境保持其自身的方式，它们将几乎保持不变，进化速度十分锺慢。
If the ecosystems are not upt by outside intrusion, they will remain the same with very little change
9.In contrast to the ecosphere, the technosphere is compod of objects and materials that reflect a rapid and relentless process of change and variation.(para13)
与生态圈相反，技术圈是由线性流程决定的
The characteristics of the objects and materials in the technosphere are rapid change and great variety.
10.But this is done only at the cost of understanding.(para18)
但这种做法却是以我们的理解为代价的
If we take sides in the war of the two worlds, we are doing so at the risk of failing to have a clear understanding of the nature and cau of the war. Thus, we lo the chance to really solve the grave environmental crisis.
Unit4
1.How all my own territory would be altered, as if a landslide had gone through it and skimmed off all meaning except loss of Mike.(para13)
我的世界发生了天翻地覆的变化，就像发生了山崩，除了迈克的离去，其余的所有记忆都被冲掉了。
The impact of Mike's leaving on my life was beyond my imagination. I didn't expect that Mike's leaving would have such a tremendous power that it would change the meaning of my existence completely. All my thoughts were about loss of Mike
2.During that time of life that is suppod to be a reproductive daze, with the woman's mind all swamped by maternal juices, we were still compelled to discuss Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and "The Cocktail Party".(para19)
生命中的那段时光本应是忙于照着孩子，大脑处在一种产后带来的恍惚忙碌中，可我们却讨论着西蒙·波娃、阿瑟·凯斯特勒以及《鸡尾酒会儿》
At that time we were young mothers, and we were suppod to lead a terribly busy life full of confusion and bewilderment caud by giving birth to and raising babies. And our minds were suppod to be fully occupied by how to feed the babies and things like that. However, in the midst o
f all this we still felt the need to discuss some of the important thinkers of our time like Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and T. & Eliot's sophisticated work "The Cocktail Party".
这时我会感觉到害怕不是因为人们之间的不友好，而是因为我感到自己不复存在。
I would be frightened, and my fear was not caud by my neighbors' visibly hostile and violent way of lifts but by a kind of formless and hidden emptiness and meaninglessness of human existence. What happened around me was totally irrelevant to me, and I felt very isolated and alienated.
4. She did not ask me---was it delicacy or disapproval? ---about my new life.(para29)
她没有询问我的新生活，或是缘于不便提起，或是出于对我的新生活的不赞同
She did not ask me about my new life, either out of subtle consideration for my feeling about this nsitive subject or out of disapproval of my new life style.
5.It would be a sleazy thing to do, in the hou of his friends.(para49)
在他朋友的家里，那的确是很不应该做的事。洋丝瓜>蒸馒头要多久
It would be a morally low thing, an indecent thing to commit infidelity in the hou of a friend.
6.I knew now that he was a person who had hit rock bottom.(para88)
我现在知道，他是世上最不幸的人
. I knew that he was a person who had experienced the worst in life, the hardest experience a person might have to endure.
7.He and wife knew that together and it bound them, as something like that would either break you apart or bind you, for life.(para88)
他和妻子共同体验了这一切。这把他们绑在了一起，就像有些事在生活中要么把你们拆散，
要么使你们终生在一起
They experienced the worst together and they knew what it was like and understood the meaning of that experience. Such an experience pod the gravest test to people. If they stood the test, their friendship or marriage would he strengthened, and a sacred bondage would be formed between them. But if they failed the teat, their relationship would be broken and they would be driven apart.
8.Not risking a thing yet staying alive as a sweet trickle, an underground resource. With the weight of this now stillness on it, this al.(para94)
我们不拿它来冒险，而是让它像涓涓细流慢慢地流淌，仿若地下资源。将爱封存，让它静静地沉淀。
If they acted on love, they would take risks. They wouldn't do that or go further in their relationship, but they would rather let their love remain as a sweet trickle, which would flow on gently and permanently, and as an underground resource, which would never be fully tapped but would never go dry.
Unit 5
1.The national rejection of dogmatic preconceptions about the nature of the social and economic order (para 6)
美国拒绝关于社会本质和经济规律的教条式偏见。
As a nation, America has refud to cling to certain rigid principles concerning social and economic development. America has been adaptable and flexible.
2.Nor can one suggest that Americans have been consistently immune to the ideological temptation. (para8)
没有人能说美国始终如一地不受意识形态体系诱惑的影响，
No one can say that Americans have never been tempted by the approach of understanding, prerving or transforming the world according to rigid dogmas.
3.and any intellect so shaped was bound to have certain vulnerability to cular ideology ever after.(para 8)
而如此形成的思维方式一定始终容易受到世俗意识形态体系的攻击。
A mind influenced by Calvinist theology would surely find it somewhat difficult to resist other temptations to ideological thinking.
4.Pragmatism is no more wholly devoid of abstractions than ideology is wholly devoid of experience.(para10)
实用主义并不完全排斥抽象慨念，就像意识形态体系不完全排斥经验一样。孩子说话晚咋办
Abstract ideas have a place in pragmatism just as experience has a role in ideology.
5.As an ideologist, however, Jefferson is today remote-a figure not of prent concern but of historical curiosity(para11)然而，作为一个意识形态主义者，他只是一个令人好奇的历史人物．他的思想过时与今天的现实无关。
As a man following a fixed t of beliefs, Jefferson is only an interesting historical figure. His beliefs are out of date and are irrelevant to prent reality.
6.and often who central dogma is confided to the custody of an infallible priesthood.(para15)而这个理论体系的本质掌握在永无谬误的圣人手中。
The esnce of the theoretical system is put in the hands of a small group of people who can never go wrong.
7.where free men may find partial truths,but where no mortal man will ever get an absolute grip
