麻醉因素 | 病人因素 | 外科因素 |
吸入麻醉药 氧化亚氮 术后使用阿片类药物 大剂量新斯的明 | 女性 不吸烟 既往PONV或晕动病史 术后疼痛 高度紧张和焦虑 | 冗长的外科手术 特殊的外科手术类型 1.腹部手术 2.腹腔镜手术 3.乳房手术 4.ENT手术 5.小学暑假斜视手术 |
Drug | Do | Evidence | Timing | Evidence |
Ondantron | 马耳他留学4-8mgIV | IA | At end or surgery | IIIA |
Dolatron | 12.5mgIV | IA | At end of surgery | IIIA |
Granitron | 0.35-1mgIV | IA | At end of surgery | IIIA |
Tropitron | 5mgIV | IA | At end of surgery | VA |
Dexamethasone | 5-10mgIV | IIA | Before induction | IIIA |
逐梦之影 Droperidol | 0.625-1.25mgIV | IA | At end of surgery | IIA |
Dimenhydrinate | 1-2mgIV | IIA | ||
Ephedrine | 0.5mgIV | IIIB | ||
Prochlorperazine | 0.5mgIV | IIIA | At end of surgery | IIIB |
Promethazine | 12.5-25mgIV | IIIB | At end of surgery | IIIB |
Scopolamine | Transdermal patch | IIB | Applied prior evening or 4h before end of surgery | IIB |
银杏树有什么作用 |
台湾女歌手名单Level of evidence bad on study design |
I Large randomized, controlled trial, n≥100 per group |
II Systematic review |
III Small randomized, controlled trial, n<100 per group |
IV Nonrandomized, controlled trial or ca report |
V Expert opinion |
Strength of recommendation bad on expert opinion |
A Good evidence to support the recommendation |
B Fair evidence to support the recommendation |
C Insufficient evidence to recommend for or against |
Baline Risk (No Intervention) | Estimated Incidence of Postoperative Naua and Vomiting One Two Three Four Intervention Interventions Interventions Interventions percent |
10% | 7 5 4 3 |
20% | 15 11 8 6 |
40% | 29 22 16 12 |
60% | 44 33 24 18 |
80% | 59 44 32 24 |
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