could,should,would,can,shall,will的区别
could, should和would除了分别是can,shall和will的过去式,还有其他的用法,有人学英语多年还容易将其搞混淆,因此使用时要特别注意:
1.could的用法
(1)表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度:
How could John be so arrogant?约翰怎么这么傲慢?
He couldn't be over forty. 他不可能有40多岁了。
Where could she be now? 她现在能在哪儿呢?
以上三个句子可以用can代替could,两者在时间上没有差别,只是用could时语气较缓和,用can时不相信程度更强一些。
(2)比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法:
迪士尼海报
Could(Can) you lend me your walkman?你能把随身听借给我用一下吗?
Could I e your credentials?我可以看看你的证件吗?
这时could和can没有时间上的差别。
(3)在虚拟条件句中作助动词,与谓语动词一起构成谓语:行李箱
I could do it (if I would).(假如我愿意的话)我是能办到这一点的。(指说话人不愿意)
You could have done better if you had been more careful. 你要是再细心一点,是可以做得更好的。
2.should的用法
(1)表示惊异、赞叹、不满等情绪:
It is simply a miracle that rice should grow in such a place. 稻子竟能在这样的地方生长,
这实在是个奇迹。
It's wonderful that you should get full marks. 你得了满分真了不起。
Why should you be so late today?你今天怎么来得这么晚?
木兰花张先(2)表示委婉地陈述自己的意见:
I should think you are right. 我想你是对的。
(3)(表示语气较强的假设)万一,竟然:
If he should fail to come, ask Tom to work in his place. 万一他不来,就叫汤姆代替他工作。
(4)(表示可能性、推测)可能,该:
鲍鱼有几种做法
My sister should be home by now. 我妹妹现在应该到家了。
我的同学们
(5)(表示建议、命令、愿意等)应该:
一表非凡
I move that he should come with us. 我坚持他应和我们一起去。
3.would的用法
(1)用在虚拟语气的主句中:甲方乙方的区别
If you went to e him, he would be delighted. 如果你去看他,他一定非常高兴。
She would have come if she hadn't been so busy. 要不是忙她就来了。
(2)委婉地提出请求、建议或看法:
Would you take a at? 请坐!
(3)表示意愿,在陈述语气和虚拟语气都可用:
He would not leave before he finished his work. 他在完成工作以前不愿离开。论议
(4)表示过去反复发生的动作:
Now and then a blackbird would call. 不时会有山鸟叫。
(5)表示过去的一种倾向:
The wound would not heal. 伤口老不愈合。
(6)表示推测:
That would be in spring 1989. 那大概是在1989年春天。
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should和would都是情态动词,也是助动词,你应该知道,
它们两个有时也可以不译。
首先should,在汉语中,我们常译为:应该。 而would常译为:可以或者是将要。
给个例子you should clean the classroom。你应该打扫教室。