上海曹杨二中2017-2018学年度第二学期
高三英语周测试卷
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, u one word that best fits each blank.
T alking with—Not Just to—Kids Powers How They Learn Language
Children from the poorer families begin life not only with material disadvantages but cognitive ones. Decades of rearch (1)____________(confirm) this, including a famous 1995 finding by psychologists Betty Hart and Todd Risley: By age four children raid in poverty have heard 30 million fewer words, on average, than their peers from wealthier families. That gap has been linked to shakier language skills at the start of school, (2)____________, in turn, predicts weaker academic performance.
But just the quantity of words a toddler hears is not the most significant influence on language acquisition. Growing evidence has led rearchers to conclude quality matters more than quantity, and (3)____________(valuable) quality ems to be back-and-forth communication—what rearchers call conversational turns.
A paper (4)____________(publish) last week in Psychological Science brings a new kind of support to this idea, offering the first evidence that the exchanges play a vital role in the development of Broca’s area, the brain region most cloly associated with producing speech. Further, the amount of conversational turns a child experiences daily outweighs socioeconomic status in predicting (5)____________ activity in Broca’s area and the child’s language skills.
The rearchers confirmed the classic 1995 finding that, overall, kids from wealthier families hear more words. And small (6)____________ their sample was, they even confirmed the 30-million-word gap between the poorest and richest children. But they found that “by far the biggest driver for brain development was not the number of words spoken (7)____________ the conversations,” Gabrieli says.
鲸类
The rearchers calculated that a child’s verbal ability score incread (8)____________ one point for every additional 11 conversational exchanges per hour.
The study is a “very, very important” addition (9)____________ a growing body of work, says developmental psychologist Kathryn Hirsh-Pak, director of the Infant Language Laboratory at Temple University. “We have known for quite a while that conversational turns—or (10)____________ in my work we call conversational duets—are very important for building a foundation for language and maybe for learning generally. What hadn’t been done is to link it where we knew it had to be linked—to changes in the brain.”妇女节祝福
【答案】
1. have confirmed
2. which
3. the most valuable
4. published
误工证明怎么写5. both
6. as/though
雉的读音
7. but
8. by
9. to
10. what
【分析】
1.考察谓语动词时态语态。根据后面的句子中的时态“That gap has been linked”及主语“Decades of rearch（数十年的研究）”判断应该用现在完成时，且主动。
2.考察非限制性定语从句。“这一差距与上学初期不稳定的语言技能有着联系，而这反过来又预示着较差的学习成绩”，先行词language skills，在定从中做主语，故只能which。
3.考察最高级：“但是，仅仅是一个蹒跚学步的孩子听到的单词数量并不是对语言习得的最重要的影响。越来越多的证据表明，研究人员得出的结论是质量比数量更重要，而最有价值的品质似乎是来回交流，研究人员称之为“对话转换”。”
4.考察非谓语：该句已经有谓语动词brings，publish是做后置定语，且被动。
5.考察代词。在预测in Broca’s area的活动及孩子语言技能方面，这是两方面，故both。
6.考察连词。后面主句中有even表面逗号前后是转折关系，且从句中的表语small提前，表明倒装了，所以只能用as/though。
7.考察介词：“但是他们发现，到目前为止，大脑发育的最大驱动力并不是说的话的数量而是对话的数量”，不是…而是…not…but…
8.考察介词：“…孩子的语言能力得分就会增加1分”。表程度用by。
9.考察介词：a “very, very important” addition to sth. 对…的非常重要的补充…。根据add…to...得出。
10.考察连词：此题较难，所缺连词的从句在句中做主语从句，且和第二段的“and (23)____________(valuable) quality ems to be back-and-forth communication—what rearchers call conversational turns.”中的这个结构一样，故填what。
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be ud once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
外语程度
Lord of the Flies
Lord of the Flies is a 1954 novel by Nobel Prize-winning British author William Golding. The book focus on a group of British boys (1)__________ on an uninhabited island and their disastrous attempt to govern themlves.
氮的读音The novel has been critically well (2)__________. It was named in the Modern Library 100 Best Novels, reaching number 41 on the editor's list, and 25 on the reader's list. In 2005 Time magazine named it as one of the 100 best English-language novels from 1923 to 2005.肃反委员会
Published in 1954, Lord of the Flies was Golding's first novel. Although it was not a great success at the time, it soon went on to become a best-ller. It has been (3)__________ for film twice in English, in 1963 by Peter Brook and 1990 by Harry Hook.
The book takes place in the middle of an unspecified nuclear war.A plane carrying a group of British
schoolboys is shot down over the Pacific. The pilot of the plane is killed, but many of the boys survive the crash and find themlves derted on an island, where they are alone without adult (4)__________. Some of them arrive as a musical choir(合唱队) under an established leader , while others are ordinary students. With the (5)__________ of the choirboys, some children like Sam and Eric, appear never to have encountered each other before. The book
portrays their gradually becomingextremely cruel and violent. Left to themlves on a heavenly island, far from modern civilization, the well-educated children return to a primitive state.
Golding wrote his book as a counterpoint(对照) to R.M.'s youth novel The Coral Island (1858), and included specific references to it, such as the rescuing naval officer's description of the children's (6)__________ of Ralph, one of the kid leaders on island, as "a jolly(pleasant) good show, like the Coral Island". Golding's three central characters—Ralph, Piggy and Jack—have been (7)__________ as exaggerated versions of R.M.'s Coral Island leading characters.
At an allegorical(比喻的) level, the central theme is the (8)__________ of human desirefor civilization and social organization—living by rules, peacefully—and for the (9)__________ to power. Several themes are revealed in the book, inc luding the tensionbetween groupthink and individuality,
between rational and emotional reactions, between (40)__________and aggression, and between morality and immorality. How the play out, and how different people feel the influences of the form a major subtext of Lord of the Flies.
【答案】1-10 FDBGJ KICEA
【分析】
1.考查分词作定语，根据意思是被困在一个荒岛上
2.考查分词作形容词，被广泛的接受
3.考查谓语动词，改编
4.考查名词，根据电影剧情，填写没有丑女人的监护
5.考查词组，with the exception of
6.考查名词，根据电影剧情，孩子们对于Ralph的追杀
7.考查固定搭配，interpret…as…
8.考查名词，根据这部作品反射出来的意义，人性的欲望和民主的冲突
9.考查名词，对于权力的欲望
鸡蛋怎么腌制10.考查名词，根据前面的对比，填写aggression的反义词
III. Reading Comprehension (15’+30’)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phras marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phra that best fits the context.
The picture of miries and sufferings of the Black woman in America may appear, perhaps darker and more depressing than Dante’s(但丁) description of Hell becau in the history of human race, the Black woman in America has suffered the most. A clo and critical (1)_______ of the history of the Black woman’s life and condition since her arrival in a strange land will unfold very well the long story of her pain and sorrow (2)_______ her mutilated(被切断的) soul. Since her arrival on the foreign shore, the Black woman has been facing the worst kind of (3)_______ and oppression. As a Black she has had to endure all the horrors of slavery andhas been the (4)_______ of continually inh
umane treatmentin all kinds of work, (5)_______ the lowest place on the wage scale and restricted to the lowest-status and the most uncreative jobs. Since times of slavery, Black womanhood has been destroyed, twisted and abud with racial and inhuman (6)_______ by black men and white men and women. In the process, they have lost their genuine "lf", and have developed a(n)(7)_______ in themlves—though as black women, they e themlves with the eyes of white men and women and black men. This has ultimately been responsible for the destruction of their lf-confidence and the feeling of being human. They (8)_______ themlves as master s’ belongings.
As a mother she has en her children sold into slavery. She has en them left at home without attention while she (9)_______ to the needs of the children of the ruling class. She has en her children suffer fromdrug addiction, the (10)_______ of decent education and experience attacks by a racist society, and (11)_______ the prisons of this nation. In addition, besides suffering the common fate of all oppresd people, the African-American women continue to (12)_______ the oppression of woman by men, which existed for long. In the home she becomes “the slave of a slave”. Men may be cruelly treated and subjected to all sorts of dehumanizing treatment on the part of the ruling class.(13)_______, at least they can take out their frustration on someone el, their women.
Thus feminism in America means much more than what it stands for in other European countries, chiefly becau it has different role and meaning(14)_______ the Black women. If a feminist is commonly defined as one who is involved in transforming and (15)_______ familiar realities, then Black women are innate(天生的) feminists. Black women writing exhibits and constructs a Black women’s literary tradition that is inherently feminist. Barbara Smith, an influential Black feminist critic, states that the ability of Black women to survive in the face of White America exhibits an innate feminist potential.
1. A. respect B. reference C. account D. expression
2. A. associated with B. completed with C. involved in D. joined by
3. A. exploration B. exhaustion C. exploitation D. explosion
4. A. article B. item C. substance D. object
