新疆211大学二、非谓语动词
英语中动词按其是否能单独作谓语动词可分为谓语动词和非谓语动词。非谓语动词不能单独作谓语动词。
非谓语动词形式有三种： 动词不定式、动名词和分词。
I.不定式 （考察比较少，多在完型中）
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1.作主语
To learn a foreign language is not easy.
To make everyone happy is a difficulty task for us.
不定式（短语）作主语时，通常放在谓语动词的后面，而用it 作形式主
语，放在谓语动词前面。
It is not easy to learn a foreign language.
It is a difficult task for us to make everyone happy.
2.作表语: 说明主语的内容,未来的动作。
His dream is to have a big hou and an expensive car
3.作宾语
要求后面跟动词不定式作宾语的动词：
agree, ask, 云南西山attempt, begin, brother,
cea, choo, continue, dare, decide demand, desire, determine, dislike, expect,
fail, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, long, love, manage, mean, need, neglect, offer, plan, prefer, prepare, pretend, promi,
refu, regret, remember, require, start,
tend, t口语大赛hreaten, try, want, wish
例如：
She can’t decide where to spend his holiday.
I hate to bother others even though I have some difficulties.
4.作定语
1）有些名词\代词后常跟不定式作定语。例如：time, reason, chance, right,
ability, willingness, need, anxiety, wish, plan， nothing, something, one
男人服饰
等。
例如：
Women should have the right to receive education.
There is no time to hesitate.
少数民族简笔画 I have nothing to do on Sundays.
2）the first, the cond, the last, the best等之后用不定式做定语。例如：
The monitor will be the first to come.
He was the last man to blame.
5.作状语
1） 作目的状语。
不定式作状语时，其动作发生在谓语动词之后，一般置于句子末尾。但是，如果表示强调，亦可置于句首。其否定形式为：在不定式符号前加not。例如：
He went to Shanghai to visit his parents.
To save the earth, we must prevent the earth from being polluted.
I shut the door quietly, so as not to wake the baby.
2） 作结果状语。例如：
We came home after our holiday to find our garden neat and tidy.
She left home, never to return again.
3）香雾云鬟湿 作原因状语
不定式做原因状语时，一般放在句子末尾。例如：
She burst into laughter to e his funny action.
The boy was shocked to e the frightening scene.
4) 有些固定词组带to不定式，表明说话人的立场或态度，在句子做独立成
分。这些词有：to be honest, to begin with, to cut a long story short, to get
(back) to the point, not to make much of it, to put it another way, to tell the
truth等。例如：
To tell you the truth, I have never been to Beijing.
To be honest, I have never heard of Winston Churchill.
6．作补语
有些及物动词的宾语后常有不定式作宾语的补足语， 构成复合宾语，这样意义才能完整。这些动词有：
ask, tell, invite, force, get allow, wish, help, advi, persuade, encourage, permit, remind, warn, order, expect, request, like, hate等。
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