学员编号： 年 级：高三 课 时 数：3 至死不渝的爱情学员姓名：YYY 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：XX | |||
课 题 | 单词记忆方法 | ||
教学目标 | 掌握单词记忆的方法，如语境记单词、联想记单词、循环记单词等。 | ||
授课日期 | ××年××月××日 | ||
教学内容 | |||
Step1:高考考纲词汇短语检查 Step2：语境记单词 语境学习法将所学词汇放在语篇当中，通过上下文，理解其大意。如果整个句子理解了， 那么单个的词汇理解也就容易了。 具体做法：将一个单词或短语的所有义项一一列出，然后在每一个义项之后列出一个例句，将单词放入具体的语境下记忆，这样就可以提高以及的速度和准确率，避免混淆情况的出现。 e.g. 1 pick up 短语“pick up”,它有很多义项：从地上捡起东西、去车站接任，或者是偶尔地学到一些知识。 批注：这些义项之间并没有很强的逻辑性，所以直接记忆比较困难。而如果能记住与这个短语有关的一些句子，就可以根据句子的意思，推测出这个短语的不同含义。 比如，“I pick up an apple from the road(我捡起了地上的苹果)” 批注：在这个句子中pick up很显然就是“捡起”的意思。 在“I pick up Jame at the railway station” 批注：这句话中，“pick up”就是“接人”的意思。 在“I pick up some Japane when I am travelling in japan” 批注：这句话中“pick up”的义项是“偶尔学到”。这样，通过例句和短语的义项相结合，就可以很形象的记住短语的每个意思。 e.g. 2 ensure、assure、insure “ensure”、“assure”、“insure”这三个单词，看拼写就如此雷同，都有“保证”的意思。它们究竟有什么区别呢？第一个单词有“确保”的含义，第二个有“想某人担保”的意思，第三个有“上保险俄罗斯淫妇”的意思。一看这么多条，很不容易背，但是只要给出三个句子就可以一目了然。 This medicine will ensure you a good night. I assure you there is no danger. He insured his hou against fire. e.g.3 resource resource的意思通常是“资源”，但在下面例句中则又是另一层意思。如： 1. Quick wit is his great resource. 机敏是他最大的天赋。 2. Good health is his great resource.健康是他最可靠的力量。 3. He is a man of great resource in any emergency.他善于处理紧急问题。 4. I am at the end of my resources. 我已经山穷水尽了。 以上各句中的resource在不同的语境中，其含义各不相同。 Tips: 对于语篇素材的选取，建议每天至少阅读两篇文章，并将生词所在的句子标记出来，把词汇的理解和句子、篇章有效的结合起来。这样日积月累，不但丰富了Word Bank，而且提高了文章的阅读水平，岂不是一举两得？ 批注：语境学习法中词汇和短语，可以选取高中英语教材中的课文词汇或阅读精读中的高频词汇。 猜测词义的能力不光在考试时很重要，就连我们平时阅读英语文章时也很用得着哦。就象我们在看中文的文章时，并不是一碰到生词就去查字典，而是根据语境去猜测生词的。我们读英语文章时，也应养成这样的习惯和能力。 Step3：:联想记单词 遇到一个新单词，不要“只见一木，不见森林”，而要由此及彼、由点到面，由一个单词尽可能多地联系到与它相关的各种形式、结构及用法等。 1) 词类联想： 记忆 die (v.)时就要联想到它的名词 death, 其形容词 dead(死了的)和 dying(垂死的，快要死的)。 记忆 success(n.)时，应联想到 successful(a.), successfully(adv.)和 succeed(v.)等。 2) 同义 、反义联 想 ：如 begin—start; reach—arrive(at/in)—get to; look after—take care of; come—go; open— clo; turn on—turn off; beautiful—ugly; kind—cruel; success—failure; succeed—fail; easy—difficult 等。 3) 同 音 词 对 比 联 想 ： 如 weak—week; meat—meet; whether—weather; peace—piece; right—write; weigh— way; weight—wait; by—bye—buy; a—e; en—scene; threw—through 等。 4) 随时随地联想法：在日常生活中可以根据所处的环境，所见到、说摸到的事物，联想相关的英语单词。 如：打球时联想到： 吃饭时联想： 睡觉时联想： Bed/bedroom, got to bed, sleep, got to sleep, fall asleep等。 如果能够养成习惯，长期坚持下去，效果会更好。 Step4: 分类循环记单词 大量的单词短语积累是英语的法宝，高考的难度在很大程度上是由不熟悉的单词短语造成的。因为不熟悉文章或者题干中的单词短语，导致题目看不懂甚至文章看不懂，所以做题时总觉得捉襟见肘。即便是积累了再多的解题技巧，也无用武之地。 提到积累单词，很多考生都认为是重要且必须的，但是即便如此，考生们的单词积累情况并不理想。究其原因，主要是拿着一本词汇手册孤立地积累单词短语，很快就忘记了。长时间如此，积累单词的积极性大受打击。记单词是需要一定方法的, 记忆单词应该从多个维度进行记忆！从词性，词义，词组和拓展四个维度进行记忆！ 如： 批注：老师通过实例展示词汇积累的具体操作方法，下面的词汇是翻译练习中会运用到的词汇（词汇均为高考核心高频词汇，讲解紧密围绕高考展开） happen Vi occur(by chance or otherwi) (偶然)发生;(后接不定式)碰巧 词组: somebody happen to do /to be doing/to have done something something happen to somebody (某人)发生(某情况) It so happened that I met you yesterday in the street.昨天我碰巧在街上遇见你. 辨析 happen多指偶然发生; take place多指按计划发生; break out突然爆发(战争,灾难,瘟疫等); occur(事情发生到某个人); 都是vi honour n. 荣誉，荣耀 用法：in honour of 为了纪念，为表敬意(=in memory of) It’s an honour to do 做—是一件荣耀的事 Eg. T o win honor for his motherland , he worked hard. It’s an honour to be invited. 拓展： honourable adj. 可敬的，尊敬的;光荣的；名誉好的，体面的 impress 胎菊枸杞茶 vt. 给…流下深刻印象 词组： something impress somebody somebody be impresd by/at/with something What impress me is that…… 拓展： impression n. 印象 make a good/bad impression on sth 对…有好/糟糕的印象 give somebody a good/bad impression on sb给…留下好/坏的印象 =leave a good/bad impression on sb involve vi. 牵涉,包含 词组: involve doing 需要、包含 involve sb/in sth 使某人介入/卷入/参加某事 Eg. The problem involved all the students. 这个问题牵涉到所有学生. 拓展： involved adj. 包含的、相关的 （注意：做定语时可前可后） be involved in 被卷入、被牵涉在内、全神贯注 （=be engaged in/ concentrate on/ focus on） Eg. Most parties involved in a negotiation will continue to contact after the negotiation is completed. involvement n. 参与、包含 inform vt. 通知,告之 词组 inform somebody that… 告之某人… inform somebody of something 通知某人关于… be informed of 情人吧拓展： information 不可数名词,类似的还有: knowledge, education, society, judge v. 审判,评判 词组： judge that… 判断… Judging by /from从…来判断 e.g. Judging from his appearance, he must be from the North. n. 判断；法官 忆江南古诗Step5: 知识树记单词 1.多管齐下、运用知识树”打造Word Bank 一词多义,熟词生义 一词多性： 知识树在单词记忆中的运用： 2.目标量化、全程监督”培养积累习惯 三成语◆ 目标量化：精简、明确每次课后要完成的任务 → 让学生看到目标达成的希望 → 激发主动性 ◆ 全程监督：课上讲解默写材料中的要点，排除困难 课后默写上次课布置的任务 → 要想课后早点回家，必须课前抓紧背单词 3.“及时反馈、定期回顾”提高记忆效率 ◆ 当堂提问课上所学词汇 → 检查即时记忆效果 ◆ 定期回顾之前所学词汇 → 短期记忆转化成长期记忆 Step6: 课堂训练 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be ud once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
Eating lots of fruit and vegetables could help protect teenagers from mental health problems, according to an Australian study published in an academic journal. The study of 3,000 adolescents aged 11 to 18 found that tho who had poor diets filled with junk and 41 foods were more likely to suffer mental health problems such as depression and 42 . The participants filled in questionnaires about their diets and psychological symptoms in 2005 and again in 2007. The study found that teenagers who ate healthy diets had fewer mental health problems than tho with poor diets. 打雪仗The study also found that improvements in diet quality were 43 by improvements in mental health, while worning diet quality was 44 with poorer psychological 45 . Jacka said the finding suggested it could be possible to stop some mental health problems 46 in adolescents by ensuring they ate healthy diets. "Having good nutrition-rich foods is really important for adolescents becau it's a time when they are growing rapidly and it's esntial they have 47 nutrition," Jacka said. Studies show one in five Australian adolescents has some forms of mental health problems, caud by genes and 48 factors such as stressful events in early childhood. Jacka said parents could protect children against mental health problems by eating two rves of fruit and five rves of vegetables a day, as well as 49 to wholegrain food and lean meats while avoiding junk food. Keys: DIAGEFBHC Step7: 说明文阅读训练 (1) A gadget which makes water out of air could become the great1t houhold invention since the microwave. Using the same technology as a dehumidifier (除湿器), the Water Mill is able to create a ready supply of drinking water becau it can always get it from an unlimited source — the air. The company behind the machine says not only does it offer an alternative to bottled water in developed countries, but it is a solution for the millions who face a daily water shortage. The machine works by drawing in wet air through a filter (过滤器) and over a cooling instrument which changes it into water droplets. It can produce up to 12 liters a day. The Water Mill will also produce more water when storms pass over, as the amount of water which is contained in the air increas. In keeping with its eco-development, the machine us the same amount of electricity as three lights. Inventor Jonathan Ritchey said: "The demand for water is off the chart. So people are looking for freedom from water distribution systems that are shaky and unreliable." The machine, which is about 3 feet wide, is likely to cost £800 when it goes on sale here in the spring. Its makej*, Canadian Firm Element Four, roughly calculates that a liter of water cost around 20p to produce. Environmentalists state that half the world's population will face water shortage becau of climate change by 2080. One in five is said to lack access to safe drinking. The Water Mill is not effective in areas where the amount of water contained in the air is below about 30 percent, but in Britain that won't be much of a problem. 1. What does the underlined word "it" refer do? A. Drinking water. B. Invention. C. Microwave. D. Water Mill. 2. What do we learn about the machine? A. It works in the same way as microwaves. B. It is very expensive for families to afford. C. It absorbs steam and turns it into water. D. It helps to make the water clean to drink. 3. What does the passage lead us to believe? A. The cost of water will go up. B. Bottled water will disappear sooner. C. The machine is energy saving. D. The machine will be popular worldwide. 4. What's the best title for the passage? A. A New Way to Solve Water Problem B. A Machine to Make Water out of Air C. A Dehumidifier to Produce Water D. An Absolutely New Invention Keys: ACCB (2) Film cameras and digital cameras work in a similar way. Film cameras After all, a film camera is basically a light-proof box. It has a lens (镜头) system to focus light onto the film at the back of the camera. Let's suppo that we are outside on a beautiful summer day trying to take a picture of the family dog. We are using a film camera. We finally get the dog to lie still. You point the camera at him. What happens? Light goes into the camera lens and hits the shutter. In other words, nothing happens yet. Now let's say that the dog looks really cute and you decide to snap a picture. What happens? When you press the button, the shutter open for a very short period of time. A small amount of light pass through and hits the film at the back of the camera. This creates an upside-down and reverd image on the film. When you finish the roll of the film, you can take it to the photo shop to develop it and you will have a great picture of your dog! Cameras come with different lens lengths. Why does it matter? Many small cameras have shorter focal lengths, which means that there is a small distance between the lens and the place where the light focus at the back of the camera. This gives you a large view of the area you are taking a picture of. Lens with a long focal length show a smaller area but allow you to focus on distant objects and make them bigger. They are often called telephoto lens. A good example of a long focus lens is one that is ud by sports photographers to get photos of football players as if they were standing right beside them. Digital cameras In digital cameras, the light falls not on film but onto a nsor (传感器) called a CCD (Charge Coupled Device). This digitally converts (转变) light and colour into a digital information or pixels (象素). The CCD is the heart of any digital camera and usually the most expensive part —depending on how good it is. 1. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Both digital and film cameras focus light onto the film. B. All cameras have a nsor. C. Digital cameras and film cameras have something in common.. D. Small cameras usually have longer focal lengths. 2. In the "Film cameras" part, you fail to take the picture of the dog becau . A. light goes into the camera lens and hits the shutter B. you haven't aimed the camera at the dog C. the image of the dog is not created 性格测试题D. the nsor fails to convert light and colour into a digital information 3. The main reason that sports photographers can get clear and big photos of players is that . A. they u digital cameras B. the lens of their cameras is excellent C. their focus lens are short D. their focus lens are long 4. Generally speaking, a digital camera's price is . A. cloly related to the quality of the CCD B. irrelevant to the quality of the CCD C. cloly related to the lens D. irrelevant to the lens Keys: CCDA （3） The recent, apparently successful, prediction by mathematical models of an appearance of El Nino — the warm ocean how that periodically develops along the Pacific coast of South America has excited rearchers. Jacob Berknes pointed out years ago how winds might create either abnormally warm or abnormally cold water in the eastern equatorial (赤道附近的) Pacific. Nevertheless, before the creation of the models, no one could explain why conditions should regularly change between appearances of the warm El Nino and the so-called anti-El Nino. The answer, at least if the current model that links the behavior of the ocean to that of the atmosphere is correct, is to be found in the ocean. It has long been known that during an El Nino, two conditions exist: unusually warm water extends along the eastern Pacific and winds blow from the west into the warmer air rising over the warm water in the east. The contribution of the model is to show that the winds of an El Nino, which rai a level in the east, nd a signal to the west lowering a level at the same time. According to the model, that signal is created as a negative Rossby wave, a wave of lower a level, that moves westward parallel to the equator at 25 to 85 kilometers per day. Taking months to move across the Pacific, Rossby waves march to the western boundary of the Pacific basin, which is modeled as a smooth wall but in reality consists of quite irregular island chains. When the waves meet the western boundary, they are reflected, and the model predicts that Rossby waves will be broken into many coastal Kelvin waves carrying the same negative a-level signal. The eventually shoot toward the equator, and then head eastward along the equator drove by the earth at a speed of about 250 kilometers per day. When enough Kelvin waves of adequate amplitude ($MB) arrive from the western Pacific, their negative a-level signal overcomes the feedback mechanism, raising the a level, and they begin to drive the system into the opposite cold mode. This produces a gradual change in winds, one that will eventually nd positive a-level Rossby waves westward, waves that will eventually return as cold cycle — ending positive Kelvin waves beginning another warming cycle. 1. What is the passage mainly about? A. How Rossby waves are found. B. Where El Nino is formed. C. What the models predict. D. How the models work. 2. Where does El Nino often appear? A. Along the western coast of the. USA. B. In the Pacific in the south, of the equator. C. In the Pacific in the north of the equator. D. Along the southern coast of South America. 3. What is right according to the passage? A. Rossby waves and Kelvin waves move in opposite directions along the equator. B. People could explain El Nino before the creation of the mathematical models. C. Adequate a-level waves can produce westward positive cold cycle. D. The speed of Rossby waves is faster than that of Kelvin waves. 4. What does the underlined word "waves" in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. Kelvin waves. B. Sea-level signals. C. Coastal waves. D. Rossby waves. Keys: DBAD （4） Quickly, the picture comes alive with hyperlinks (超链接), offering the names of the buildings, towers and street features that appear in the photo. The hyperlinks lead to information about the history, rvices and context of all the features in the photo. You have just hyperlinked your reality. That might be a little unbelievable, but the technology exists and is no fevered imagination. This is not a cool small machine invented for the next James Bond movie; this is a working technology just developed by European rearchers. It could be coming to a phone near you, and soon. This, as the marketing types say, is a game changer. It develops a completely new interface (界面) that combines web-technology with the real world. It is big and fresh, but it goes much further and has much greater influence. The development of the system is most outstanding becau image recognition technology has long been pregnant with promi, but emed to suffer from an unending labour. Now MOBVIS has not only developed image recognition; it has also developed more applications for the technology; and it has adapted it to the world's most popular technology: the mobile phone. The MOBVIS system completely rewrites the rules for exploration and interaction with your physical environment. The system begins with panoramas (一连串景象). The panoramas form the basis of a city databa. It can match buildings, towers, banners and even logos that appear in the panoramas. A ur simply takes a picture of the street feature, MOBVIS compares the ur's photograph to the panoramas and then identifies the buildings from the picture you take and the relevant links are returned. Then you simply click on the links, using a touch-screen phone, and the MOBVIS system will provide information on the history, art, architecture or even the menu, if it is a restaurant, of the building in question. 1. Which is introduced in the passage? A. A new game software. B. A popular mobile phone. C. A cool small machine. D. An image recognition system. 2. What can we learn about the new technology? A. It can only be put into u on mobile phones. B. It is a little unbelievable and just a fevered imagination. C. It has taken an unending labor to bring the technology into our lives. D. It will encourage the urs to take more pictures of the street features. 3. What is the right order of the operation of MOBVIS? a. A city databa forms in the system. b. MOBVIS recognizes the picture and links are returned. c. A ur touches the links on the phone screen. d. A ur takes a picture of the street feature. e. MOBVIS provides information in question. A. a; e; c; d; b B. a; d; b; c; e C. d; c; e; a; b D. c; a; e; b; d 4. From the passage, we can infer that . A. MOBVIS has already been widely ud all over the world B. the writer is trying to promote the sales of the MOBVIS system C. this new technology will soon be very popular in our lives D. the sales of mobile phones will decrea as MOBVIS comes on market Keys: DCBC （5） Imagine you’re at a party full of strangers. You’re nervous. Who are the people? How do you start a conversation? Fortunately, you’ve got a thing that nds out energy at tiny chips in everyone’s name tag. The chips nd back name, job, hobbies, and the time available for meeting-whatever. Making new friends becomes simple. This hasn’t quite happened in real life. But the world is already experiencing a revolution using RFID technology. An RFID tag with a tiny chip can be fixed in a product, under your pet’s skin, even under your own skin. Passive RFID tags have no energy source-batteries becau they do not need it. The energy comes from the reader, a scanning device(装置),that nds out energy (for example, radio waves)that starts up the tag immediately. Such a tag carries information specific to that object, and the data can be updated. Already, RFID technology is ud for recognizing each car or truck on the road and it might appear in your passport. Doctors can put a tiny chip under the skin that will help locate and obtain a patient’s medical records. At a nightclub in Paris or in New York the same chip gets you into the VIP (very important person) ction and pays for the bill with the wave of an arm. Take a step back:10 or 12 years ago, you would have heard about the coming age of computing. One example always emed to surface: Your refrigerator would know when you needed to buy more milk. The concept was that computer chips could be put everywhere and nd information in a smart network that would make ordinary life simpler. RFID tags are a small part of this phenomenon. “The world is going to be a looly coupled t of individual small devices, connected wirelessly,”predicts Dr.J.Reich. Human right supporters are nervous about the possibilities of such technology. It goes too far tracking school kids through RFID tags, they say. We imagine a world in which a beer company could find out not only when you bought a beer but also when you drank it. And how many beers. Accompanied by how many biscuits. When Marconi invented radio, he thought it would be ud for ship-to-shore communication. Not for pop music. Who knows how RFID and related technologies will be ud in the future. Here’s a wild guess: Not for buying milk. 1.The article is intended to . A. warn people of the possible risks in adopting RFID technology B. explain the benefits brought about by RFID technology C. convince people of the us of RFID technology D. predict the applications of RFID technology 2.We know from the passage that with the help of RFID tags, people . A. will have no trouble getting data about others B. will have more energy for conversation C. will have more time to make friends D. won’t feel shy at parties any longer 3.Passive RFID tags chiefly consist of . A. scanning devices B. radio waves C. batteries D. chips 4.Why are some people worried about RFID technology? A. Becau children will be tracked by strangers. B. Becau market competition will become more fierce. C. Becau their private lives will be greatly affected. D. Becau customers will be forced to buy more products. 5.The last paragraph implies that RFID technology . A. will not be ud for such matters as buying milk B. will be widely ud, including for buying milk C. will be limited to communication us D. will probably be ud for pop music Keys: DADCB Step8: 课堂小结 1. 你觉得哪个单词记忆方法比较适合你？后面你会如何去操作 2. 错题回顾 | |||
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