高中英语语法(全英详解)
必修一
语法点一：Be+v.ing表将来 u the prent continuous ten for future plans
In English, we have lots of ways of talking about the future. The most common ways of talking about the future we encounter u ‘will’ or ‘be going to’ followed by an infinitive（动词原形）, and we tend to u ‘be going to’ most often for talking about future plans. Sometimes, we also u the prent continuous ten to talk about future plans.
Ex. ① we are going to Mexico next Sunday.
② Are you coming to the cinema?
③ He is leaving for London in two hours.
④ We are spending next winter in Australia.
Only some verbs can be ud in this situation, such as: go, arrive, come, leave, start, stay, return, play, have, work, wear, spend, e, meet, etc.
扩展：
What’s the difference between using ‘be going to’ and the prent continuous to talk about future plans? Let’s look at some more examples:
“I’m going to play football on Saturday”
You have made a plan in your head but possibly not taken any real action to confirm it. Also, playing football on Saturday is probably not a regular event for you.
“I’m playing football on Saturday”
You have made a plan and taken some real action to confirm it (e.g. called your frie
nds or booked a place to play). In this ca, it’s likely that playing football on Saturdays is a common activity for you.
语法点二：Direct speech and indirect speech(直接引语和间接引语)
Let's first define the terms, then look at how to talk about what someone said, and how to convert speech from direct to indirect or vice-versa.
You can answer the question What did he say? in two ways:
by repeating the words spoken (direct speech)
by reporting the words spoken (indirect or reported speech).
变色镜片的优缺点Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken. When we u direct speech in writing, we place the words spoken between quotation marks (" ") and there is no change in the words.
Reported or indirect speech is usually ud to talk about the past, so we normally
change the ten of the words spoken. We u reporting verbs like 'say', 'tell', 'ask', and we may u the word 'that' to introduce the reported words. Quotation marks are not ud.
1、declarative ntence陈述句
①Change in pronoun: The pronoun (subject) of the reported speech is changed according to the pronoun of reporting verb or object (person) of reporting verb (first part of ntence). Sometimes the pronoun may not change.
In following example the pronoun of reported speech is “I” which will be changed in indirect speech into the pronoun (Subject) of reporting verb that is “he”.
鸟巢英语He said, “I like it very much.”→He said that he liked it very much.
②Change in ten: If the first part of ntence (reporting verb part) belongs to past ten the ten of reported speech will change. If the first part of ntence (reporting verb part) belongs to prent or future ten, the ten of reported spee
与春天有关的词语
ch will not change.
③Change in demonstrative pronoun指示代词抵死纠缠, temporal adverbial时间状语, adverbial of place地点状语 and verbs.
上巳日Ps：(1)if the direct speech indicates objective truth, then there is no change in ten when it’s converted to indirect speech.
母亲简笔画
Ex. He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.”
→He said that light travels much faster than sound.
冷门(2) 如果在当地转述，here不必改成there，come不必改为go，如果在当天转述，yesterday, tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。
2、imperative ntence祈使句
Imperative ntences do not normally have an expresd subject. In order to change an imperative ntence into the indirect speech, we u a to-infinitive. Note that instead of ‘said’ we u one of the following reporting verbs:
得到英语Ask, Tell, Advi, command, request, order, forbid, decree, propo etc.
If the imperative ntence is in negative form, then add ‘not’ in front of to-infinitive when convert the speech.
