Section1
1.For the urban rearcher,the long lives of ancient cities can provide ample chronological data,
making up for the paucity stemming from relative of most prent-day cities.
B.formlessness
D.diversity
2.Even if he wants to rve again–and given his obvious love for the job,the assumption among
insiders is that he is more likely to stay than go–there is at least his rving another term.
A．impediment to
B．incentive for
C．precedent for
D．benefit in
E．rationale for
3.Nordhaus predict that in the future we will increasingly be ecological problems like
global warming rather than them.We may,for example,make some headway in limiting emissions that contribute to warning,but much of our work will be in adapting to ecological problems and alleviating their effects.
A.managing D.solving
B.analyzing E.addressing
4.What they e in T anaka is the one candidate capable of leadership,in direct contrast
to Williamson,who term in office has been marred by.
B.decisive E.partisanship
5.Partly becau of Lee’s skill at synthesizing trends drawn from many fields of study,
her theories appeared to prent,with uncanny aptness,ideas already in the minds of her contemporaries.
A.superded D.discredited
B.irrelevant E.well established
6.Unlike most other rious journals,which drain money from their owners the Review has long
been.But the formula is not without its imperfections,which have grown more pronounced in recent years.The publication has always been erudite and but not always lively and readable,accompanied by a certain aversion to risk taking,has pervaded its pages for a long time.
A.lucrative D.authoritative G.An originality
C.dy I.A staleness
In1755British writer Samuel Johnson published an acerbic letter to Lord Chesterfield rebuffing his patron for neglecting and declining further support.Johnson’s rejection of his patron’s belated assista
nce has often been identified as a key moment in the history of publishing,marking the end of the culture of patronage.However,patronage had been in decline for50years,yet would survive,in attenuated form,for another50.Indeed,Johnson was in1762awarded a pension by the Crown–a subtle form of sponsorship,tantamount to state patronage.The importance of Johnson’s letter is not so much historical as emotional;it would become a touchstone for all who repudiated patrons and for all who embraced the laws of the marketplace.
7.The author of the passage mentions Johnson’s1762pension award in order to
B.provide evidence for a general trend in the later half of the eighteenth century of private
patronage’s being replaced by state sponsorship
C.situated the debate over the end of patronage within the wider realm of eighteenth-century
economic history
把玩核桃
我孰与城北徐公美D.suggest that Johnson’s letter to Chesterfield was noticed by the crown only years after it was
published
8.Which of the following best describes the function of the highlighted ntence in the context of
the passage as a whole?
A.It points out the most obvious implications of Johnson’s letter to his patron
B.It suggests a motivation for Johnson’s rejection of Chesterfield’s patronage
C.It provides information that qualifies the asrtion that Johnson’s letter sharply defined the end
of a publishing era
D.It provides a possible defen for Chesterfield’s alleged neglect of Johnson
E.It refutes the notion that patrons are found primarily among the nobility
“Blues is for singing,”writes folk musicologist Paul Oliver,and“is not a form of folk song that stan…(?)particularly well when written down.”A poet who wants to write blues can attempt to avoid this problem poeticizing the form–but literary blues tend to read like bad poetry rather than like refined folk song.For Oliver,the true spirit of the blues inevitably eludes the lf-conscious imitator.However,Langston Hughes,the first writer to grapple with the difficulties of blue poetry in fact succeeded in producing poems that capture the quality of genuine,performed blues while remaining effective as poems.In inventing blues poetry,Hughes solved two problems:first,how to write blues lyrics in such a way that they work on the printed page,and cond,how to exploit the blues form poetically without losing all n of authenticity.
There are many styles of blues,but the distinction of importance to Hughes is between the genres referred to as“folk blues”and“classic blues.”Folk blues and classic blues are distinguished
from one another by differences in performers(local talents versus touring professionals), patronage(local community versus mass audience),creation(improvid versus compod),and transmission(oral versus written).It has been a commonplace among critics that Hughes adopted the classic blues as the primary model for his blues poetry,and that he writes his best blues poetry when he tries least to imitate the folk blues.In this view,Hughes’attempts to imitate the folk blues are too
lf-conscious,too determined to romanticize the African American experience,too intent on reproducing what he takes to be the quaint humor and naïve simplicity of the folk blues to be successful.
But a more realistic view is that by conveying his perceptions as a folk artist ought to–through an accumulation of details over the span of his blues oeuvre,rather than by overloading each poem with quaintness and naivety–Hughes made his most important contributions to the genre.His blues poems are in fact clor stylistically to the folk blues on which he modeled them than to the cultivated classic blues.Arnold Rampersad has obrved that virtually all of the poems in the1927collection in which Hughes esntially originated blues poetry fall deliberatively within the“range of utterance of common folk.This surely applies to“Y oung Gal’s Blues,”in which Hughes avoids the conventionally“poetic”language and images that the subjects of death and love sometimes elicit in his ordinary lyric poetry.T o e what Hughes’blues poetry might have been like if he had truly adopted the classic blues as his model,one need only look to“Golden Brown Blues,”a song lyric Hughes wrote for compor W.C.Handy.Its images,allusions,and diction are conspicuously remote from the common“range of utterance.”
9.The primary purpo of the passage is to
A.describe the influence of folk and classic blues on blues poetry
B.analyze the effect of African American culture on Blues poetry
C.demonstrate that the language ud in Hughes’blues poetry is colloquial
D.defend Hughes’blues poetry against criticism that it is derivative
10.The author of the passage us the highlighted quotation primarily to
A.indicate how blues poetry should be performed
B.highlighted the difficulties faced by writers of blues poetry
C.support the idea that blues poetry is a genre doomed to fail
D.illustrate the obstacles that blues poetry is unable to overcome
E.suggest that written forms of blues are less authentic than sung blues]
11.It can be inferred from the passage that,as compared with the language of“Golden Brown
Blues,”the language of“Y oung Gal’s Blues”is
< colloquial
< melodious
C.marked by more allusions
D.characterized by more conventional imagery
< typical of classic blues song lyrics
12.According to the passage,Hughes’blues poetry and classic blues are similar in which of the
following ways?
A.Both are improvid
B.Both are written down
C.Both are intended for the same audience
D.Neither us colloquial language
E.Neither is professionally performed
13.Far from innovations,as the patent system was designed to do,the patenting of
concepts such as gene quences gives individuals and corporations a legal choice hold over ideas that should be uful to all.
A.spurring
D.acknowledging
E.fostering
F.cataloging
14.During the Renaissance,the u of optial lens,which were capable of projecting images onto
blank canvas greatly aided artists by allowing them to accurately obrve and depict the external world,in other words,the lens were instrumental in conveying.
A.idealism
B.optimism
C.ambition
E.sanguinity
F.verisimilitude
各种天气的英文
15.The professor’s habitual air of was misleading front,concealing amazing rerves of
patience and a deep commitment to his students’learning
B.irascibility
C.disorganization
E.diffidence
16.Adovcates for workers’rights have adopted a new strategy,one that will requires considerable
ingenuity but that if successful,could aimed at making labor rights an
unassailable feature of American
一个人睡A.frustrate
B.galvanize
C.presume
D.affect
E.animate
F.thwart
For the first time,funding for designing experiments to be conducted during space flights has been made available by the government space program to university biologists not already employed by the space program.From the fact that little interest has been expresd in this offer,however,it cannot be concluded that virtually the only biologists interested in rearch that such experiments could add
ress are tho biologists already employed by the space program,since
17.Which of the following most logically complete the passage?
university positions.
B.there are more rearch biologist in industry than at universities.
C.biologists are not the only scientists interested in rearch that could be furthered by the
opportunity to conduct experiments in space.
D.the space program employs only a small percentage of the rearch biologists employed by the
送节礼government.
E.Much of the biological rearch currently funded by the government’s space program is
concerned with the biological effects of a weightless environment.
The recent announced discovery of the first known planet orbiting a pulsar(the ultraden, pulsating remnant off the supernova explosion of a star)turned out to be bad on faulty data.Had this discovery been confirmed,theorists would have had difficulty accounting for the existence of such a planet.The supernova would certainly have destroyed any preexisting planets.This particular pulsar is relatively young,allowing little time for a new planet to have coalesced,and it rotates relatively slowly,implying that it has not interacted with any nearby star since the supernova.
But newer evidence of a different pulsar with planets is more promising.This is a rapidly spurring“millicond pulsar”thought to be a much older object that has pulled gaous material from a stellar neighbor,causing its rotational speed to increa.Leftover,unconsumed gas around such a pulsar could,in theory,coalesce into planets.Or the pulsar’s radiation might have vaporized a companion star,providing new material for planetary formation.
18.The primary purpo of the passage is to
唐朝头饰A.provide an example of the dangers of a recent discovery bad on faulty data
B.illustrate the difficulty of explanation concerning a recent discovery
C.asss the credibility of recent findings concerning the as yet unverified existence of a class of
objects
D.argue that a certain hypothesis fails to account for a emingly contradictory phenomenon
E.demonstrate how difficult it might be to find out the reality of a phenomenon
19.Which of the following can be inferred regarding the pulsar discusd in the first paragraph?
A.Theorists initially doubted its existence.大兴安岭特产
B.If its existence had been confirmed,astronomers would and have turned their attention to the
pulsar discusd in the cond paragraph.
C.If the supernovas explosions that created it had been more powerful,the resulting radiation
would have preceded the subquent formation of a planet.
D.If it had interacted with a nearby star since the supernova explosion,it would rotate faster than
it does.
E.Astronomers’interest in it ultimately led to a new theory of planetary formation.
20.(?)
Section2
1.Barring the discovery of new letters,hidden diaries,or the like,fresh information about
eminent people is hard to find becau their lives have been so intenly.
A.ridiculed
B.scrutinized
C.admired
E.underrated
2.Despite having only recently learned to walk,toddlers make the most dance students.
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Their joy in movement is so pure,so complete,and so.
A.skilled D.futile
B.inattentive E.irrelevant
C.agious
3.T agore had a sharply defined n of the of scientific inquiry.The fact that science
dealt in statistics and numbers,that its logic was probabilistic,meant that the domain of moral questions it;moral questions,for T agore,required certainties,not probabilities.
A.irrationality D.guarded over
B.limits E.lay outside
C.futility F.was subject to
4.The modern iron suspension bridge dates from the early nineteenth century,but it did not have
debut,many early suspension bridges were damaged,if not outright destroyed,by the wind.
There were few,however,so the form.
A.a propitious D.obvious parallels G.declined
B.a conspicuous E.practical alternative H.inspired
C.an equivocal F.unnoticed instances I.persisted
5.The experimental theater company’s members know that their performances an
audience,that they were den and unpredictable and not always easy to digest.But none of the techniques ud would be anyone with an interest in music or films.Indeed,they would em strange only to people who expected to e traditionally crafted plays.The actors therefore felt that theater critics’derisive commentary showed only that the critics
