日本代购3 Word-formation:
Addition of prefix or suffix to a given word;
Provide full forms and Chine equivalent for some acronyms and initialism:
BBC: British Broadcasting Corporation
VIP: a very important person
北京工业大学分数线
NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization
OPEC: Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
UNESCO: the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
SALT: Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
TEFL: teaching English as a foreign language不要吸了
SHAPE: Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers in Europe
GMT: Greenwich Mean Time
POW: Prisoner of War
ASEAN: Association of South-east Asia Nations
EEC: European Economic Community
EPA:我昔钓白龙 Environmental Protection Agency长寿花花语
CIA: the Central Intelligence Agency of the US
IOC: International Olympic Committee
UN: the United Nations
6 Term definition:
Aliens: referring to words borrowed from a foreign language without any change of the foreign sound and spelling, which are easily recognizable as foreign in origin. E.g. French
贝多分borrowing: resume.
Denizens: referring to foreign words which have been conformed to native English in accent, spelling and even in adoption of an English affix. E.g. French borrowing: uncertain, faultless.
Radiation: is a mantic process leading to polymy in which the primary or central meaning stands at the center while condary meanings radiate from it in every direction like ray. E.g. “power” has the meaning (1)ability to do or act (2)energy (3)influential person, body, or thing…(4)government…日本邪恶帝国
Concatenation: is a mantic process leading to polymy in which the meaning of the word moves gradually away from its first n by successive shifts, like the links of a chain, until there is no connection between the n that is finally developed and the primary meaning. E.g. “board” originally means a piece of timber, but after shifts it has a meaning of ”company”, which has no connection with “a piece of timber”.
Homonymy: In English, many pairs or groups of words, though different in meaning, are pronounced alike (homophone), or spelled alike (homograph), or both (perfect homonyms).
Morpheme: the smallest meaningful linguistics unit of language, not divisible or analyzable into smaller forms. E.g. nation
Allomorph: any of the variant forms of a morpheme as conditioned by position or adjoining sounds. E.g. –ion/-tion/-sion/-ation are the variant forms of the same suffix.
Derivation (or affixation): is generally defined as a word –formation process by which new words are created by adding a prefix, or suffix, or both, to the ba. E.g. unexpected
Composition (compounding): is a word-formation consisting of joining two or more bas to form a new unit. E.g. flashlight, sunri
Blend: is a process of word-formation in which a new word is formed by combining the meanings and sounds of two words, one of which is not in its full form or both of which ar
e not in their full forms. E.g. brunch, newscast.
Root: that part of a word structure which is left when all the affixes have been removed. A root is the basic unchangeable part of a word, and it conveys the main lexical meaning of a word. E.g. in the word undesirable, the root is desire.
Stem: it is the part of the word-form which remains when all inflectional affixes have been removed. E.g. in the word undesirable, the stem is undesirable党员纪律处分; in the word desired, the stem is desire.
Hybrid: referring to words formed from elements of two or more different language.
Complementaries: a type of binary mantic opposition. “The asrtion of one of the items implies the denial of the other”. The complementary pair is actually an either/or contrast. E.g. alive-dead, single-married
Conversives: a type of binary opposition. “There is an interdependence of meaning, such that one member of the pair presuppos the other member”. E.g. lend-borrow, hus
band-wife
Restriction (narrowing of meaning): it means a word of wide meaning acquires a narrower n, in which it is applicable only to some of the objects it had previously denoted, or a word of wide usage is restricted in its application and comes to be ud in a specialized n. E.g. stink-stench
Elevation: the opposite of degeneration, it is a process in which a word meaning takes a turn for the better in the cour of the time, and has either rin from a “snarl” word to a “purr” word, or from a slang word to a common term. E.g. pioneer
Semantic field: it took the view that the vocabulary of a language is not simply a listing of independent items, but is organized into areas of fields, within which words interrelate and define each other in various ways. And the members within the field are joined together by some common mantic component. And the members are not synonymous. E.g. the concept of color
