华中师范大学网络教育学院
《词汇学》练习测试题及答案 本科
I. Decide whether the statements are true or fal and write T (true) or F (fal) in the correspondi
brackets. （每题一分） ( ) 1. “All national character ” is the most important of all the five characteristics of the basic word stock. ( ) 2. By origin, English words can be classified as “native words ” and “loan words ”.
( ) 3. The languages (Norwegian, German, Dutch, Danish, Swedish) all belong to Germanic Family excep
Norwegian.
( ) 4. Old English vocabulary is full of endings.
( ) 5. Allomorphs are phonological variants which realize morphemes.
( ) 6. Inflectional morphemes are added to the end of words to show grammatical concepts. ( ) 7. The most productive means of word-formation is affixation.
( ) 8. Acronyms are words of initial letters, which are pronounced letter by letter.
( ) 9. Reference refers to the relationship between different languages.
( ) 10. Grammatical meaning refers to the part of the word-meaning which indicates grammatical concepts. ( ) 11. In the process of “Radiation Radiation”” the derived meanings of words are not directly related to the primary
meaning.
( ) 12. The diachronic approach to polymy is to find how a word gradually acquires its meanings in
process of development.
( ) 13. When a word changes from a specific to a general meaning, it goes through extension of meaning.( ) 14. “meat meat”” is an example of narrowing of meaning.
( ) 15. “teacher teacher”” and “student student”” are convers.
( ) 16. A word which has a synonym naturally has an antonym.
泽字的含义
( ) 17. Meaning is a relatively stable element in a language compared with spelling.
( ) 18. The changes of meaning are caud by both linguistic and extra-linguistic factors.
( ) 19. Extra-linguistic context refers to factors beyond language.
( ) 20. Linguistic context provides clues for guessing meanings of new words.
( ) ) 21. 21. 21. Idioms Idioms Idioms are are are phras phras phras and and and short short short ntences ntences ntences the the the meanings meanings meanings of of of which which which are are are not not not easy easy easy to to to infer infer infer from from from the the
constituents in most cas.
( ) 22. Idioms can be classified in different ways but the classification according to grammatical function
the most helpful way.
( ) 23. Commonization involves proper nouns ud as common words.
( ) 24. In some pairs of antonyms, the marked terms cover the meaning of the unmarked.
( ) 25. Variations of idioms are the idioms who forms are modified.
( ) 26. Non-basic vocabulary includes terminology, Anglo-Saxon words, argot and neologisms.
( ) 27. Aliens, mantic loans, translation-loans and denizens are all borrowings.
( ) 28. The three sources of new words are creation, mantic change and borrowing.
( ) 29. Modern English is considered to be an analytic language.
( ) 30. The minimal free form of a language is a morpheme.
( ) 31. Derivational morphemes are ud to form new words.
( ) 32. Compounding involves the combination of affixes and bas.
( ) 33. Partial conversion is a process of using adjectives as ordinary nouns.
( ) 34. Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its meaning.
( ) ) 35. 35. 35. Associative Associative Associative meaning meaning meaning consists consists consists of of of connotative connotative connotative meaning, meaning, meaning, stylistic stylistic stylistic meaning, meaning, meaning, affective affective affective meaning meaning meaning and and
emotive meaning.
( ) 36. Polymy is concerned with words of more than one meaning.
( ) 37. The most important source of English synonyms is shortening.
( ) 38. Associated transfer involves words ud in their figurative n.
( ) 39. Objective meaning shows that the subject (or agent) is the one to be affected by the action o
verb.
( ) 40. Complementaries are antonyms characterized by “mutual exclusion ” and “gradability gradability””.
( ) 41. The superordinate term covers the concept of the subordinate. ( ) 42. Elevation is also known as amelioration.
( ) 43. “villain villain”” is an example of degradation.
( ) 44. Linguistic context refers to the words, claus, ntences, paragraphs and
even cultural background.
( ) 45. Ambiguity is often caud by inadequate context.
( ) 46. Idioms are generally informal in nature.
( ) 47. Structurally, idioms can never be changed. ( ) ) 48. 48. 48. The The The four four four major major major foreign foreign foreign contributors contributors contributors to to to the the the development development development of of of English English English vocabulary vocabulary vocabulary are are are Latin, Latin, Latin, Greek, Greek,
French and Scandinavian.
( ) 49. Relative synonyms may differ in denotation, connotation and application.
( )50. The contemporary vocabulary expansion of English is mainly by borrowing and affixation. ( ) 51. Old English refers to the language ud between 100 and 450.
( ) 52. “Radiation” shows that the derived meanings of a polymant are not directly related to the prim ary
meaning.
( ) 53. The connection between sound and meaning is conventional and arbitrary.
( ) 54. A word which has a synonym naturally has an antonym.
( ) 55. Content words are numerous and more frequently ud than functional words on average. ( ) 56. Extra-linguistic context refers to the physical situation or cultural background.
( ) 57. During the Middle English period, Celtic, Latin and English existed side by side.
( ) 58. Inadequate context is often the cau of ambiguity.
( ) 59. Compounding is the process of creating new words by combining affixes and bas.
( )60. In some pairs of antonyms, one term may cover the meaning of the other word.
( )61. In a natural language, most words are non-motivated. 素质拓展
( )62. Inflectional affixes are grammatical markers.
( )63. Concept and n mean the same and thus are interchangeable.
( )64. A form to which an affix of any kind can be added is called a stem.
( )65. Contradictory terms are non-gradable.
( )66. Acronyms are words of initial letters which are pronounced as common words.
( )67. Grammatical meaning refers to part of speech, tens of verbs, stylistic
features of words and so on.
( )68. What remains of a word after the removal of all affixes is a stem.
( )69. Affective meaning indicates the attitude of the ur, whether positive or negative.
( )70. The connotative meaning is also known as connotations, which are generally found in the dictionary. ( )71. )71. Idioms Idioms Idioms are are are t t t phras phras phras who who who meaning meaning meaning is is is often often often difficult difficult difficult or or or impossible impossible impossible to to to infer infer infer from from from the the the constituent constituent
words.
( )72. In modern times, vocabulary develops mainly by means of changing meanings of old words. ( )73. Most of the newly created words are associated with the change of life style and society.
( )74. Homographs are words identical in form but different in pronunciation.
( ) 75. Homonyms come mainly from borrowing —the most important source.
( ) 76. Middle English lasted for more than four hundred years.
( ) 77. Borrowing has brought most synonyms to the English language.
( ) 78. The characteristics of the basic word stock include all national character, denizens and productivity.
( ) 79. The
superordinate differs from the subordinate in that the former covers the concept of the latter. ( ) 80. Words of old English were full of endings.
( ) 81. The way to differentiate homonyms from polymants is mainly to e their origins as well as n relatedness. ( ) 82. Modern English is an analytic language.
( ) 83. Hyponymy deals with the relationship of mantic inclusion.
( ) ) 84. 84. 84. Denizens Denizens Denizens are are are words words words which which which were were were borrowed borrowed borrowed from from from other other other languages languages languages but but but later later later became became became assimilated assimilated assimilated into into into the the the English English
language.
( ) 85. Lexical context refers to the words that appear only before the lexical item in question.
( ) 86. Generally speaking, native words have a higher frequency of u than loan words.
闪通臂( ) 87. Reference refers to the relationship between the linguistic symbols and the objective world.
( ) 88. Free morphemes are morphemes which alone can be ud as words.
( ) 89. Context gives a polymic word a definite meaning.
( ) 90. Half-converted adjectives are ud as common nouns while full-converted ones still retain adjective features. ( ) 91. Motivation explains why a particular word of a language has a particular meaning. 不如任性过生活
( ) 92. By origin English is more cloly related to German than to French.
( ) 93. Unlike conceptual meaning, associative meaning is unstable and indeterminate.
( ) 94. Prefixes do not generally change part of speech whereas suffixes do.
( ) 95. In the phra “the tongues of fire”, the word fire is mantically motivated.
( ) 96. The origins of words are a key factor that distinguishes homonyms from polymants.
( ) 97. The objective meaning implies that the subject of the ntence is the one affected by the action. ( ) 98. The meaning of a word which is etymologically motivated is cloly related to its origin.
( ) 99. The result of the human cognition of the objective world is called concept.
( )100. Borrowing has brought most synonyms to the English language.
( )101)101. “Radiation” shows that the derived meanings of a polymant are not directly related to the prima . “Radiation” shows that the derived meanings of a polymant are not directly related to the prima
meaning.
( )102. The connection between sound and meaning is conventional and arbitrary.
( )103. A word which has a synonym naturally has an antonym.
( )104. Content words are numerous and more frequently ud than functional words on average.
( ) 105. The characteristics of the basic word stock include all national character, denizens and productivity. ( ) 106. During the Middle English period, Celtic, Latin and English existed side by side.
( ) 107. Inadequate context is often the cau of ambiguity.
( ) 108. The way to differentiate homonyms from polymants is mainly to e their origins as well as
relatedness.
( )109. In some pairs of antonyms, one term may cover the meaning of the other word.
( )110. Aliens are words of the native element.
国内法
( )111. Denizens are words which were borrowed from other languages but later
became assimilated into the English language.
( )112. Inflectional affixes are grammatical markers.
( )113. Concept and n mean the same and thus are interchangeable.
( )114. Reference refers to the relationship between the linguistic symbols and the objective world. ( )115. Contradictory terms are non-gradable.
( )116. Acronyms are words of initial letters which are pronounced as common words.
( )117. Grammatical meaning refers to part of speech, tens of verbs, stylistic features of words and so on.( )118. Half-converted adjectives are ud as common nouns while full-converted ones still retain adjective
features.
( )119. Affective meaning indicates the attitude of the ur, whether positive or negative.
( )120. The connotative meaning is also known as connotations, which are generally found in
the dictionary.( )121. Prefixes do not generally change part of speech whereas suffixes do.
( )122. In modern times, vocabulary develops mainly by means of changing meanings of old words. ( )123. Most of the newly created words are associated with the change of life style and society. ( )124. The objective meaning implies that the subject of the ntence is the one affected by the action.
一、答案1、 T 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. T 6. T 7. T 8. F 9. F 10. T
11. F 12. T 13. T 14. T 15. T 16. F 17. F 18. T 19. T 20. T
21. T 22. T 23. T 24. F 25. T 26. T 26. T 27. T 27. T 28. T 29. T 30. F 31. T 32. F 33. F 34. T 35. F 36. T 37. F 38. T 39. T 40. F
41. T 42. T 43. T 44. F 45. T 46. T 47. F 48. T 49. T 50. F
51. F 52. F 53. T 54. F 55. F 56. T 57. F 58. T 59. F 60. T
61. T 62. T 63. F 64. T65. T 66. T 67. F 68. F 69. T 70. F
71. T 72. F 73. F 74. T 75. T 76. F 77. T 78. F 79. T 80. T
81. T 82. T 83. T 84. T 85. F 86. T 87. T 88. T 89. T 90. F
91. T 92. T 93. T 94. T 95. T 96. F 97. T 98. T 99. T 100. T 101. F 102. T 103. F 104. F 105. F 106. F 107. T 108. T 109. T 110. F
美女淫荡111. T 112. T 113. F 114. T 115. T 116. T 117. F 118. F
119. T 120. F 121. T 122. F 123. F 124. T
II. Analyze the following words and say how they are formed, and put your answers in the brackets:（每
词0.5分）微信怎么改铃声
Example : disobey ( prefixation) headache (compounding ) newton ( commonization)
expresident (prefixation ) book (v) (conversion )
ID (acronymy ) brunch (blending )
enthu (backformation (backformation ) ) deadline (compounding )
tick-tuck (duplication ) quake (clipping )
kodak (commonization (commonization ) ) exwife (prefixation )
elbow(v) (conversion ) lar (acronymy )
autocide (blending ) laze (backformation ) historic (suffixation
) bow-wow (duplication ) bike (clipping )
airline ( compounding ) changeable changeable (affixation/suffixation)
(affixation/suffixation) postwar (prefixation ) NA TO (acronymy )
bike (clipping ) smog (blending )
donate (backformation (backformation ) ampere ) ampere (proper words )
antinuclear (prefixation ) daydreaming (compounding ) la (back-formation )
copter (clipping/front clipping) newly-weds (conversion ) cutthroat (compounding ) memorize (affixation/suffixation) botel (blendin ) tantalize
(proper names ) VIP (acronymy ) quake (clipping )
defeather (affixation/prefixation)
三、填空答案三、填空答案 1． meaning; conventional 2. affixation; compounding; conversion affixation; compounding; conversion 3.
3. root
4. prefixes; suffixes
5. synonym; relative
6. superordinate; subordinate
7. context; linguistic; extra-linguistic/non-linguistic 8. minimal/smallest; meaning; syntactic
9. Latin; Scandinavian 10. stem 11. verbs; adjectives
12. stylistic 12. stylistic 13. mantic; related 13. mantic; related 14. elevation/ amelioration; transfer/transference 15. morphological 16. concept
17． intrinsic/logical meaning arbitrary 18. Latin Greek Scandinavian
19. morpheme prefixes 20. suffixes unmarked 21. marked extension/generalization 22. Anglo-saxon 23、affixation compounding conversion (注：位置可以调换)
24．Latin Greek French (注：位置可以调换)25. derivation affixes
The connection between sound and is arbitrary and . 薪酬
The three major means of word-formation are , and .
The form which remains after all affixes are removed is called .
generally do not change part of speech whereas
absolute
In hyponymy the term which denotes something general is
meaning is .
falls into two kinds, namely context and
A word is the free form which has a give sound, and
are , , Greek,
vocabulary are and .
10. The form which remains after removing an inflectional affix is called
The form which remains after removing an inflectional affix is called .
The words which are involved in conversion are nouns, and .
11. The words which are involved in conversion are nouns,
The stylistic features of words form their
12. The stylistic features of words form their
13. field refers to a t of words which are mantically .
The modes of mantic change in words include extension, narrowing, , degradation and .
14. The modes of mantic change in words include extension, narrowing,
15.
16.
