非延续性动词与延续性动词的转变
动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。
例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year?
二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。 如:open, die, clo, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。
非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock;
例:He died 5 years ago.
三. 非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换：
1.leave → be away (from),
例句：He left Shanghai 3 days ago .=He has been away from Shanghai for 3 days/since 3 days ago.
2.borrow --- keep,
例句：I borrowed the book a week ago.= I have kept the book for a week /since a week ago .
3.buy --- have,
例句：He bought the pen three weeks ago .= He has had the pen for three weeks高考100天./since three weeks ago.
4.begin/start --- be on,
例句：The film started half an hour ago.=The film has been on for harf an hour/since half an hour ago.
朗诵背景图片5.die --- be dead,
例句：Jack died ten years ago .= Jack has been dead for ten years /since ten years ago.
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6.finish --- be over,
例句：The meeting finished ten minutes ago.= The meeting has been over for ten minutes光蛋扑克打法/since tenminutes ago.
7.join --- be in+组织机构, 或be a member of+组织机构,
例句：My uncle joined the Party(共产党) nine years ago. = My uncle has been in the Party for nine years. = My uncle has been a member of the Party / been a Party member for nine years
8.open --- 机器人简笔画be open,
例句：The shop opened five years ago.= The shop has been open for five years.
9.catch a cold --- have a cold,
例句：He caught a cold yesterday. = He has had a cold since yesterday.
10.come to / go to --- be 南方过年吃什么(in)
例句：I came here twenty years ago. = I have been here for twenty years / since twenty years ago.
He went to New York last month.= He has been in New York since last month/ for a month.
11.become --- be,
例句：I became a teacher in 1998.= I have been a teacher since 1998.
12.come back --- be back,
例句：My mother came back two hours ago .= My mother has been back for two hours.
13.fall asleep --- be asleep,
例句：The baby fell asleep at 7 pm.-= The baby has been asleep since 7pm.
14.get to/ arrive( in/at) /reach -------- be (in), it经理
例句：She arrived in Beijing / got to Beijing / reached Beijing two months ago. = She has been in Beijing for two months/ since two months ago.
15.get to know --- know,
例句：We got to know each other ten years ago .= We have known each other for ten years.
16.put on→ wear；
却道海棠依旧例句：She put on the jeans two days ago.= She has worn the jeans since two days ago.
补充练习：
1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus ________ for 20 minutes.
A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away
2. I ______ the League for 5 years so far.
A. joined B. have joined C. have been in
3. The factory ________ since the February of 1988.
A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened
4. Mary and Ro _______friends since they met in 2000.
A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become
5.You mustn't ________ until he comes back.
A. be away B. leave C. be left
6.The meeting _______ for a week now.
A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over
7.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years.
A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught
8.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years .
A. has been B. has become C. was D. became
9. I ______ home for a week.
A. have returned B. have been back C. returned
10. How long _______ he ________ ?
A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead
11. He ______ at eight yesterday afternoon.
A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept
12.He ________ the car for a week.
A. bought B. has bought C. has had
13.-----How long _____ you _____ ill ? -----Two weeks.
A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been
14.Since 2000, he _____ his hometown.
A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from
15.I'll lend you the book , but you can only _____ it for 2 days.
A. borrow B. keep C. take
