学习手册
●学习目标
Ⅰ.单词和词组
unforgettable,tomb,iceberg,host,ud to,on fire,broken,disaster,typhoon,earthquake,rescue,
roar,mass,advance,ize,sweep,swallow,drag,pull,struggle,fright,flow,crack,chimney,cut down,
completely,shake,strike,destroy,deadline,publish,the next moment,bookworm,couch potato,
workaholic,fan,agent,Buddha,temple,naughty,peanut
Ⅱ.日常交际用语
It is clear to me that…
What would you do?
First…,next…,then…,finally…
What is it like?
How did you feel about this holiday?
Can you name…?
Why did you choo to go there?
How did you get there?
Ⅲ.语法
学习关系代词引导的定语从句
●学习障碍
Ⅰ.单词及短语
against,mass,ud to,on fire,cut down,completely,strike,hand in,ize,struggle,stand,fear,fright,
must have done
Ⅱ.语法
定语从句中关系代词who/ whom/ which/ that/ who的用法。
●学习策略
Ⅰ.单词及短语部分
1.against prep.
纵向归纳法：
（1）表示反对关系
I will speak against anything I know to be wrong.
Their whole life is a fight against poverty and unemployment.
(2)（表示位置关系）靠着，顶着，迎着，衬着
A little piano stood against the wall.
She presd her face against the glass.
The picture looks good against that light wall.
(3)预防，防备，准备……时用
We are all taking medicine against the dia.
(4)be against 反对 I knew she was against us.
违反，违背 It was against the law.
不利于 Almost everything was against him.
联系语境法：
The pine trees were black ________ the morning sky.
A. C.against D.under
答案：C 根据语境，松树衬着天空。
2.mass n.
纵向归纳法：
(1)一堆，一团，一大块
There is a mass of stones in the yard.
(2)大量，大批
There was a mass of children in the hall.
I've mass of work to do.
3.ud to
纵向归纳法：
来电闪烁(1)ud to do sth.过去常常……(现在已不如此)
We ud to grow beautiful ros.
注意:否定句和疑问句有两种
You udn't to make that mistake.
She didn't u(d)to do it,did she?
You ud to smoke a pipe,didn't you?/ u(d)n't you?
(2)be ud to +n./ doing 习惯于
I have always been ud to hard work.
He became ud to such a diet.
I'm not ud to treating patients this way.
I'm not ud to being treated like this.
(3)be ud to do 被用来做……
This knife is ud to cut bread.
横向归纳法：
表示 “过去常常……”时,ud to与would区别
(1)would只强调过去常常……,ud to说明现在不是如此。
The old woman would sit there for hours doing nothing.
(2)would只接行为动词,ud to 可接行为动词和表状态的词。
There ud to be a temple at the foot of the mountain.
联系语境法：
I ________ being treated like that.
A.don't ud to B.didn't ud to
C.am not ud to D.ud to
答案:C 我不习惯于被人这样对待用be ud to doing/ n.。
4.cut down
纵向归纳法：
(1)砍倒
If you cut down all the trees you will ruin the land.
(2)减少,削减
I have decided to cut down my smoking.
横向归纳法：
(1)cut up 破碎,切碎
They cut down the tree and cut it up for firewood.
(2)cut off
切断,停掉
Our water supply has been cut off again.
隔绝,挡住
The floods cut us off from our homes.
使电话中断
We were cut off in the middle of our telephone conversation.
简单的瑜伽动作(3)cut… in/ into pieces 把……切成碎片
The vegetables should be cut into small pieces and dropped into the boiling water.
联系语境法：
Is George trying to cut his weight________?
A.off B.down
C.up D.through天蝎男和水瓶女
答案: B cut down weight减少体重
5.completely adv.完全地
The eighteenth century developed a completely new kind of novel.
纵向归纳法：
(1)complete adj.完整的,全部的；完成
Is this a complete story?
When will the work on the new railway be complete?
(2)complete v.完成
The workmen haven't completed the hou yet.
(3)completion n.(不可数)完成,结束
After the completion of the job the workman went home.
横向归纳法：
complete 与finish表 “完成”时的区别
(1)complete 作及物动词, 只接n.或pron.
The railway is not completed yet.
(2)finish
不及物动词
I can't come till I have completed.
及物动词, 接n.或doing
When did you finish your college cour?
I finished reading the book last night.
6.strike
纵向归纳法：
(1)打，敲,击, 砍,打中,击中
He struck me with his fist.
The hou was struck by lightning.
(2)发起进攻,袭击
He moved away as the animal struck.
(3)撞,触(礁)
His head struck the table as he fell.
幸运英语怎么说
(4)擦(火柴)
I struck a match and held it to his cigarette.
(5)(某种想法法：)忽然出现,忽然想起
A happy thought struck her.
(6)给人深刻印象(常用于被动语态)
I was struck by her beauty.
(7)罢工
They are striking for higher pay.哈士奇介绍
（8)(钟)敲(响)
We waited for the clock to strike six.
横向归纳法：
(1)hit 打,敲, 击,击中,射中
He hit a ball over the fence.考研英语考什么
The stone hit the window.
使……受到打击
The bad news hit every one hard.
(2)beat 连续有节奏地打,敲
He was beating a drum.
The rain beat against the window.中哈原油管道
(心)跳动
His heart had stopped beating.
(鸟翼)扑动
The bird beat its wings rapidly as it flew on.
试玉要烧三日满
打败,打赢,取胜
Our champion can beat all runners in the country.
