No. 2D - A smooth, non-reflective cold-rolled annealed and pickled or descaled finish. This
中国诺贝尔奖获得者non-directional finish is favourable for the retention of lubricants in deep drawing applications. No. 2B - A smooth, moderately reflective cold-rolled annealed and pickled or descaled finish typically produced by imparting a final light cold-rolled pass using [large diameter] polished rolls. This general-purpo finish is more readily polished than No 1 or 2D finishes. Product with 2B finish
is normally supplied in the annealed plus lightly cold-rolled condition unless a tensile-rolled [harder and stronger] product is specified.
Bright Annealed [BA] Finish- A smooth, bright, reflective finish typically produced by cold rolling followed by annealing in a protective atmosphere so as to prevent oxidation and scaling during annealing.
2B
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2B is the most widely ud stainless steel surface finish. It is especially common in industrial, chemical and food processing applications such as process vesls and tanks. It is also ud in some architectural applications that will not be cloly examined for uniformity of finish such as downpipes and gutters.
When specifying this finish think about the attributes:
- 2B is the most economical finish
- it is highly corrosion resistant becau it has been chemically pickled and is smooth
- over broad areas and between batches, etc it is not uniform and may not match in appearance
- it has been produced in the mill and can't be matched after fabrication
- it is often protected by plastic films until final cleanup and commissioning
2D
2D is ud around the world in applications where its low reflectivity is important. The largest application is in roofing materials. The surface is rougher than 2B and retains lubricants better making it appealing for deep drawering. 2D surfaces are not designed for appearance so the limitations on matching of weld and other surface damage is not as critical. Railcars are a typical example where thicker sheet and ongoing abrasive damage make the rougher 2D a suitable finish. When specifying this finish think about the attributes:
- 2D is not commonly available in Australia
- it is highly corrosion resistant becau it has been chemically pickled and is relatively smooth
- over broad areas and between batches, etc it is not uniform and may not match
- it has been produced in the mill and cant be matched after fabrication
Bright Annealed (BA)
The classic u of a BA finish is domestic: the interior of a dishwasher or clothes washing machine. In the clothes washer, it also provides a smooth, non-abrasive surface for the clothes to slide around. The mirror like surface is also ud in road mirrors where a preci image is not required.
When specifying this finish think about the attributes:
- BA is common in some grades and thickness, but not all
- it is highly corrosion resistant becau it is very smooth
- different batches may not match
-
it has been produced in the mill and can't be exactly matched after fabrication although a mechanical mirror polish can be clo.
Post Production Processing To Improve Corrosion Resistance
All the cold rolled process include a pickling stage. Pickling is the removal of high temperature scale and the adjacent low chromium layer of metal from the surface of stainless steel by chemical means. Pickling will also remove mangane sulphide inclusions and any other contamination on the surface. Pickling results in a very clean, highly corrosion resistant surface, but will slightly roughen the surface.
Pickling any of the finishes will cau a matt or etched rougher area, most apparent on the BA surface and least on the 2D.
Differences Between Alloys
Most articles on finishes assume that standard grade austenitic stainless steel is ud. Typically a highly corrosion resistant grade has a duller appearance than the same thickness material with a lower corrosion resistance. This illustrates the more aggressive measures required to remove oxide scale from a high alloy austenitic or duplex than a standard grade 304 or 316.
There is little data on finishes of ferritic grades but general obrvation shows that for comparable thickness and finishing process, cold rolled 430 is brighter than 304. It is not known if this difference extends to comparisons between more highly alloyed grades.
Stainless Steel Flat Product is supplied in the annealed ie fully softened condition.
This is also a high temperature operation and unless carried out in a very cloly controlled inert atmosphere, will result in oxidation (scaling) of the surface.
The scale is usually removed by a pickling process, that is the removal of the scale by u of suitable acids, and the passivated by the u of Nitric Acid.
No. 0 Finish
Also referred to as Hot Rolled Annealed (HRA). The plate is hot rolled to required thickness, and then annealed. No pickling or passivation operations are effected, resulting in a scaled black finish.
This does not develop the fully corrosion resistant film on the Stainless Steel, and except for certain high temperature heat resisting applications, this finish is unsuitable for general end us.
No 1 Finish
Plate is hot rolled, annealed, pickled and passivated. This results in a dull, slightly rough surface; quite suitable for industrial applications which generally involve the range of plate thickness. Grinding marks may be visible in isolated areas.
Some of the thinner thickness within the plate range are Cold Rolled; but Sheet, Coil and Strip gauges are produced by Cold Rolling, ie rolled without and heating of the material. Cold Rolling hardens the material, and the thinner sizes may have to be subjected to an intermediate anneal and pickle, or bright annealed, during the reduction of thickness to final gauge.
我学会了做饭作文The starting material for Cold Rolling always has a No. 1 finish. Cold Rolled material is supplied with the following standard mill finishes.
等等英语怎么说
职场小游戏No 2D Finish
A no. 1 Finish after being Cold Rolled, Annealed, Pickled and Passivated. This results in a uniform dull matt finish, superior to a No. 1 Finish.
Suitable for industrial application, and eminently suitable for vere deep drawing as the dull surface, (which may be polished after fabrication) retains the lubricant during the drawing operation.
No 2B Finish
A 2D Finish is given a subquent light skin pass cold rolling operation between polished rolls.
This is the most common finish produced and called for on sheet material. It is brighter than 2D and is mi-reflective. It is commonly ud for most deep drawing operations, and is more easily polished to the final finished required than is a 2D finish.
No 2BA Finish
This is more commonly referred to as a BRIGHT ANNEALED (BA) FINISH. Material with a No. 1 finish is Cold Rolled using highly polished rolls in contact with the steel surface. This smooths and brightens the surfac e.
The smoothness and reflectiveness of the surface improves as the material is rolled to thinner and thinner sizes. Any annealing which needs to be done in order to effect the required reduction in gauge, and the final anneal, is effected in a very cloly controlled inert atmosphere. No oxidation or scaling of the surface therefore occurs and there is no need for additional pickling and passivating.
The final surface developed can have "MIRROR" type finish similar in appearance to the highly polis
hed No. 7 and No.星期一到星期日英文
8 Finishes.
Note
Much of the 2B Finish sheet imported is not a true 2B Finish. Mills which operate bright annealing facilities will often carry out all the annealing operations of Cold Rolled material in such facilities. This leads to a superior "2B" finish as no oxidation or scaling takes place during the annealing operation, even though the actual rolling may be effected on polished rolls as for normal 2B Finish, but not highly polished as would be needed to produce a BA finish.
The following finishes are all mechanically produced polished finishes. As well as being standard mill finishes, they are also applied to stainless steel articles and components to meet the required aesthetic criteria. It should be appreciated that factors such as hand polishing vs. mechanical polishing; polishing a flat product as against a component of complex shape; thickness and composition of material can affect the visual appearance of the final surface.
No. 3 Finish
This is a ground unidirectional uniform finish obtained with 80 - 100 grit abrasive.
紧急集合号
It is a good intermediate or starting surface finish for u in such instances where the surface will require further polishing operations to a finer finish after subquent fabrication or forming.
No. 4 Finish
This is a ground unidirectional finish obtained with 150 grit abrasive. It is not highly reflective, but is a good general purpo finish on components which will suffer from fairly rough handling in rvice (eg restaurant equipment).
No. 6 Finish
The finishes are produced using rotating cloth mops (Tampico fibre, muslin or linen) which are loaded with abrasive paste.
The finish depends on how fine and abrasive is ud, the uniformity and finish of the original surface.
The finish has a non-directional texture of varying reflectiveness. "Satin Blend" is an example of such a finish.
碰碰香的扦插方法
No. 7 Finish
This is a buffed finish having a high degree of reflectiveness.
It is produced by progressively using finer and finer abrasives and finishing with Buffing compounds. Some fine scratches (grit lines) may remain from the original starting surface.
No. 8 Finish
This is produced in an equivalent manner to a No. 7 Finish, the final operations being done with extremely fine buffing compounds.
The final surface is blemish free with a high degree of image clarity, and is the true mirror finish.
Note
The finer polished finishes (No. 4, No. 6, No. 7 and No. 8) are generally only produced one side of the sheet, the rever side being either a 2B or No. 3 Finish.
原面：NO.1 热轧后施以热处理及酸洗处理的表面。一般用于冷轧材料，工业用槽罐、化学工业装置等，厚度较厚由
2.0MM-8.0MM。
钝面：NO.2D 冷轧后经热处理、酸洗者，其材质柔软，表面呈银白色光泽，用于深冲压加工，如汽车构件、水管等。雾面：NO.2B 冷轧后经热处理、酸洗，再以精轧加工使表面为适度之光亮者。由于表面光滑，易于再研磨，使表面更加光亮，用途广泛，如餐具、建材等。采用改善机械性能的表面处理后，几乎满足所有用途。
粗砂NO.3 用100-120号研磨带研磨出来的产品。具有较佳的光泽度，具有不连续的粗纹。用于建筑内外装饰材料、电器产品及厨房设备等。
细砂：NO.4 用粒度150-180号研磨带研磨出来的产品。具有较佳的光泽度，具有不连续的粗纹，条纹比NO.3细。用于浴池、建筑内外装饰材料、电器产品、厨房设备及食品设备等。
