On Thoreau’s View of Nature in 腰果的功效与作用Walden
Abstract
Henry David Thoreau is a famous American transcendentalist, philosopher and naturalist in the 19th century. His superb book, Walden, indicates many of ideas about nature. This study focus on the analysis of Thoreau’s views of nature in Walden, attempting to ek out its implications for modern people who are suffering the polluted environment. The study explores Thoreau’s views of nature influenced by his personal life, transcendentalism and Emerson, his mentor. The paper concentrates on interpreting Thoreau’s views of nature from two perspectives: all nature is alive and nature is a means of lf-realization which includes the relationship between nature and man and some implications for human life. In the end, the conclusion can be drawn that man should protect nature and co-exist with nature harmoniously.
Key words: nature; Walden; Thoreau; man and nature relationship
摘要
亨利·大卫·梭罗是党支部学习计划19世纪美国著名的超经验主义作家，哲学家及自然主义作家。在他的表作《瓦尔登湖》中，梭罗记录了他对自然的深刻思考。本文重在分析梭罗在其著作——昆虫记读后感100字《瓦尔登湖》，体现的自然观，旨在寻找其生活环境对现代人的启示。本文试图分析蕴藏在《瓦尔登湖》的自然观受其自身生活环境，超经验主义和其导师爱默生的影响。本人主要从两方面阐述梭罗的自然观：自然是有生命的；自然是自我实现的途径，包含人与自然的关系和其对人类生活启示。最后得出结论：人应保护自然，与自然和谐相处。
关键字还款计算：自然；《瓦尔登湖》；梭罗；人与自然的关系
Contents
1. Introduction 1
2. Thoreau’s Attitudes towards Nature in Walden 3
2.1 Nature as a Living Entity 3
2.2 Nature as a Means of Self-realization 4
2.2.1 Relationship between Man and Nature 4
2.2.1.1 Man Belonging to Nature 5
肌营养不良的症状
2.2.1.2 Man Returning to Nature 6
2.2.1.3 Man Respecting Nature 7
2.2.2 Simplicity and Diversity of Life 9
野钓鲫鱼2.2.2.1 Outward Simplicity 9
2.2.2.2 Inward Richness 11
3. The Sources of Thoreau’s View of Nature 12
3.1 Thoreau’s Personal Experience 12
3.1.1 His Life in Concord 12
3.1.2 His Life at Walden Pond 13
3.2 The Influence of Transcendentalism 16
3.3 The Influence of Emerson 17
4. Conclusion 18
Bibliography 20
1. 十二星座标志Introduction
Nature is an eternal and esntial theme in American literature. It gains its peak in Romantic period when the industry begins to spring up like mushroom and the environment is contaminated gradually. Henry David Thoreau is one of the most important pro writers of the 19th century in United States. As a reprentative of transcendentalism in that period, he express his views of nature mainly in Walden which provides one of the most passionate, affecting and philosophical evocations of the
value of living simply and closing to nature.
In 1845, Thoreau began his two-year residence at Walden Pond, putting the theory of transcendentalism and Emerson’s thoughts into practice. During that period of time “Thoreau’s nsitive harmony with all of nature was extraordinary” (吴伟仁, 1990: 176). In his opinion, man is part of nature and man can co-exist with nature harmoniously. Today, he is regarded as one of major interpreters of nature as well as American environmental saint in American literary history.
In the history of American literature, Thoreau encounters many different views of criticism. On his stage, he is not considered as a professional naturalist and his masterpiece Walden is not universally accepted and appreciated. But with the verity of environmental crisis and the ri of environmental movements, Thoreau’s philosophy on nature and simple life embarks on drawing the public’s attention. Thus, the increasing scholars both at home and abroad begin to study Thoreau and his work Walden on mainly five aspects of ecology, philosophy, translation, nature, and biography, of which ec
ology and nature are studied on a large scale. For instance, Joel Myerson, President of Thoreau Society, compiled The Cambridge Companion to Henry David Thoreau in 2000, prenting the European scholars’ latest rearch achievements of Thoreau.
At prent, many rearches are about ecology and implications for the modern society，吕宝emphasizing the relationship among plants and living creatures as well as their environment. Bad on the previous rearches, this paper will continue to analyze Thoreau’s views on nature in Walden and state that he cannot merely be regarded as an ecological writer but one of the most reprentative nature writers, who focus on nature itlf.
By exerting means of historical criticism, discussing and analyzing his life background and Walden, it is clear to find his views of nature embodied and interpreted in Walden. His ideas about nature not only predict the arrival of environment crisis, but also indicate the direction which people should take in the future. All in all, Thoreau has left a great legacy to the world, pointing out some valuable implications for man. Therefore, it is nece
ssary for man to positively take part in the army of environmental protection and courageously defend our mother like Thoreau becau it is an effective way to protect and save our mother, the Earth.
